Search results for "obstetric"

Stem cell-secreted factor therapy regenerates the ovarian niche and rescues follicles.

2021

Background Ovarian senescence is a normal age-associated phenomenon, but increasingly younger women are affected by diminished ovarian reserves or premature ovarian insufficiency. There is an urgent need for developing therapies to improve ovarian function in these patients. In this context, previous studies suggest that stem cell–secreted factors could have regenerative properties in the ovaries. Objective This study aimed to test the ability of various human plasma sources, enriched in stem cell–secreted factors, and the mechanisms behind their regenerative properties, to repair ovarian damage and to promote follicular development. Study Design In the first phase, the effects of human pla…

Ovarian steroids and cancer: news on the breast, questions on the reproductive tract

2021

The association between steroid hormones and cancer has been a primary research focus for many years. Reproductive hormones are of particular interest given the fact that several highly prevalent c...

Mature cystic teratoma of the ovary with struma and benign Brenner tumor: a case report with immunohistochemical characterization.

2002

Exploring the feasibility of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer

2021

Interstitial pregnancy in a patient with ipsilateral adnexal absence: Case report and literature review

2013

Unilateral ovarian absence (UOA) with fallopian tube absence is a rare condition. The true incidence is unknown. Here, we report a case of a woman with left tubal and ovarian absence, undergoing laparoscopy for an ipsilateral interstitial pregnancy (IP). The gestational mass was excided using the purse string technique to achieve better haemostasis. Probable etiologies are discussed and literature reviewed. According to our analysis the reproductive outcome of women affected by this rare anomaly is not compromised. Its impairment should be related to comorbidities or other unexplained causes. © Copyright 2014, CIC Edizioni Internazionali, Roma.

Antioxidant therapy counteracts the disturbing effects of diamide and maternal ageing on meiotic division and chromosomal segregation in mouse oocytes

1998

This study aims (i) to ascertain whether oxidative-stress-induced disturbances in chromosomal distribution in the metaphase-II spindle of mouse oocytes can be counteracted by supplementing culture medium with antioxidants; and (ii) to determine whether supplemental intake of antioxidants neutralizes the disturbing effects of maternal ageing on segregation of chromosomes during the first meiotic division and distribution of chromosomes in the metaphase-II spindle. (i): Germinal vesicle oocytes from unstimulated 10-12 week old mice were matured in vitro in the presence or absence of diamide and/or dithiothreitol. Metaphase-II oocytes were fixed and stained with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (…

Polycystic ovary syndrome

2016

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 5-20% of women of reproductive age worldwide. The condition is characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) - with excessive androgen production by the ovaries being a key feature of PCOS. Metabolic dysfunction characterized by insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinaemia is evident in the vast majority of affected individuals. PCOS increases the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes and other pregnancy-related complications, venous thromboembolism, cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events and endometrial cancer. PCOS is a diagnosis of exclusion, based primarily on the p…

Acute stress may induce ovulation in women

2010

Abstract Background This study aims to gather information either supporting or rejecting the hypothesis that acute stress may induce ovulation in women. The formulation of this hypothesis is based on 2 facts: 1) estrogen-primed postmenopausal or ovariectomized women display an adrenal-progesterone-induced ovulatory-like luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in response to exogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) administration; and 2) women display multiple follicular waves during an interovulatory interval, and likely during pregnancy and lactation. Thus, acute stress may induce ovulation in women displaying appropriate serum levels of estradiol and one or more follicles large enough to respo…

The Androgen Excess and PCOS Society criteria for the polycystic ovary syndrome: the complete task force report.

2009

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To review all available data and recommend a definition for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) based on published peer-reviewed data, whether already in use or not, to guide clinical diagnosis and future research. DESIGN: Literature review and expert consensus. SETTING: Professional society. PATIENTS: None. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): A systematic review of the published peer-reviewed medical literature, by querying MEDLINE databases, to identify studies evaluating the epidemiology or phenotypic aspects of PCOS. RESULT(S): The Task Force drafted the initial report, following a consensus process via electronic communication, which was then reviewed and c…

Influence of follicle rupture and uterine contractions on intrauterine insemination outcome: a new predictive model.

2014

Objective To correlate the detection of follicle rupture and the number of uterine contractions per minute with the outcome of IUI and to build a predictive model for the outcome of IUI including these parameters. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Fertility clinic. Patient(s) We analyzed data from 610 women who underwent homologous or donor double IUI from 2005 to 2010 and whose data of uterine contractions or follicle rupture were recorded. Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) Live-birth rate. Result(s) Nine hundred seventy-nine IUI cycles were included. The detection of follicle rupture (odds ratio [OR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30–3.01) and the number of ut…