Search results for "ocular"

showing 10 items of 1219 documents

Differences in Visual Attention Patterns to Sexually Mature and Immature Stimuli Between Heterosexual Sexual Offenders, Nonsexual Offenders, and Nono…

2018

Men, whether gynephilic or androphilic, show both early and late attention toward adults and not toward children. We examined early and late visual attention to sexually mature versus immature stimuli in four groups of heterosexual men: sexual offenders against children (SOAC = 18), sexual offenders against adults (SOAA = 16), nonsexual offenders (NSO = 18), and nonoffending men (NOM = 19). We simultaneously presented adult and child stimuli and measured time to first fixation, number of first fixations, total duration of fixation, and fixation count to four areas of interest: entire body, then face, chest, and pelvis. We found a significant interaction where only SOAC tended to fixate more…

AdultMaleSociology and Political Science05 social sciencesSex OffensesChild Abuse SexualFixation OcularCriminalsDevelopmental psychologyGender StudiesHistory and Philosophy of Science050903 gender studiesVisual PerceptionVisual attentionHumansAttention0509 other social sciencesPsychologyChildHeterosexualityEye Movement MeasurementsGeneral PsychologyJournal of sex research
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Modulation of corticospinal excitability by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

2000

Abstract Objective : Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is able to modulate the corticospinal excitability and the effects appear to last beyond the duration of the rTMS itself. Different studies, employing different rTMS parameters, report different modulation of corticospinal excitability ranging from inhibition to facilitation. Intraindividual variability of these effects and their reproducibility are unclear. Methods : We examined the modulatory effects of rTMS to the motor cortex at various frequencies (1, 10, 20 Hz) and at different time-points in twenty healthy volunteers. Results : We observed significant inhibition of MEPs following 1 Hz rTMS and significant facili…

AdultMaleTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatmentCentral nervous systemPyramidal TractsStimulationbehavioral disciplines and activitiesReference ValuesPhysiology (medical)mental disordersHealthy volunteersmedicineHumansmusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyMotor CortexNeurophysiologyEvoked Potentials MotorTranscranial Magnetic StimulationSensory SystemsTranscranial magnetic stimulationElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemNeurologyFacilitationRegression AnalysisFemaleNeurology (clinical)PsychologyNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processesMotor cortexClinical Neurophysiology
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Response of the aging eye to first day of modern material contact lens wear

2018

Objectives: To investigate the ocular surface of an aged population wearing a daily disposable contact lens over their first day of wear. Methods: Forty eyes from forty presbyopic subjects were fitted a daily CL (Delefilcon A). Tear osmolarity, tear meniscus area (TMA) and ocular surface aberrations (total higher order root means square (RMS)) were assessed at baseline (t0), at 20 minutes (t1) and after 8 hours (t2) of wear. Fluorescein corneal and conjunctival staining and tear break up time (TBUT) were performed at t0 and t2. Results: No statistically significant changes were found between t0, t1 and t2 for TMA, and between t0 and t2 for fluorescein corneal and conjunctival staining. TBUT…

AdultMaleUlls Acomodació i refracciómedicine.medical_specialtyAgingPopulationBaseline levelCornea03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineOphthalmologymedicineHumansProspective StudiesFluoresceineducationDisposable EquipmentVision OcularOsmoleeducation.field_of_studyOsmotic concentrationbusiness.industryOsmolar ConcentrationEquipment DesignPresbyopiaMiddle AgedContact Lenses HydrophilicTear osmolarityeye diseasesÒptica Aparells i instrumentsContact lensOphthalmologyTear meniscuschemistryPatient SatisfactionTears030221 ophthalmology & optometryDry Eye SyndromesFemalesense organsbusinessConjunctiva030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFollow-Up Studies
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DaVinci's Mona Lisa entering the next dimension.

2013

For several of Leonardo da Vinci's paintings, such as The Virgin and Child with St Anne or the Mona Lisa, there exist copies produced by his own studio. In case of the Mona Lisa, a quite exceptional, rediscovered studio copy was presented to the public in 2012 by the Prado Museum in Madrid. Not only does it mirror its famous counterpart superficially; it also features the very same corrections to the lower layers, which indicates that da Vinci and the ‘copyist’ must have elaborated their panels simultaneously. On the basis of subjective (thirty-two participants estimated painter-model constellations) as well as objective data (analysis of trajectories between landmarks of both paintings), …

AdultMaleVision DisparityFamous Personsmedia_common.quotation_subjectArt historyExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyObjective dataYoung AdultOpticsArtificial IntelligenceHumansDimension (data warehouse)media_commonPaintingDepth Perceptionbusiness.industryMuseumsPerspective (graphical)ArtSensory SystemsOphthalmologyStereopsisHistory 16th CenturyBinocular disparityFemalePaintingsbusinessMona lisaStudioPerception
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Monocular Versus Binocular Calibrations in Evaluating Fixation Disparity With a Video-Based Eye-Tracker

2015

When measuring fixation disparity (an oculomotor vergence error), the question arises as to whether a monocular or binocular calibration is more precise and physiologically more appropriate. In monocular calibrations, a single eye fixates on a calibration target that is taken as having been projected onto the center of the fovea; the corresponding vergence state represents the heterophoria (the resting vergence position), which has no effect on the calibration procedure. In binocular calibrations, a vergence error may be present and may affect the subsequent measurement of the fixation disparity during binocular recordings. This study includes a test of the precision of both monocular and …

AdultMaleVision Disparitygenetic structuresComputer scienceVideo RecordingExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyFixation OcularVergenceRetinaYoung AdultOpticsVision MonocularArtificial Intelligenceparasitic diseasesHumansComputer visionVision BinocularMonocularbusiness.industryVision DisparityConvergence Oculareye diseasesSensory SystemsStrabismusElectrooculographyOphthalmologyHeterophoriaCalibrationEye trackingBinocular disparityFemaleArtificial intelligenceFixation disparitybusinessBinocular visionPerception
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Long-term comparison of corneal aberration changes after laser in situ keratomileusis: mechanical microkeratome versus femtosecond laser flap creatio…

2010

Purpose To compute and compare visual acuity, refractive outcomes, and anterior corneal aberration changes after myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with flap creation by a mechanical microkeratome and by a femtosecond laser. Setting Private practice refractive surgery center, Valencia, Spain. Design Comparative case series. Methods Patients were assigned to have LASIK flap creation with a mechanical microkeratome (Carriazo-Barraquer) or a femtosecond laser (IntraLase). The Visx S2 excimer laser was used for myopic ablation in all cases. Main outcome measures included uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuities and the defocus equivalent. Higher-order aberrations (HOAs) were …

AdultMaleVisual acuityCorneal Wavefront Aberrationgenetic structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentCorneal StromaKeratomileusis Laser In SituVisual AcuityKeratomileusisRefraction OcularSurgical FlapsYoung AdultPostoperative ComplicationsMicrokeratomeRefractive surgeryCorneamedicineMyopiaHumansProspective Studiesmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryLASIKCorneal TopographyMiddle AgedCorneal topographyeye diseasesSensory SystemsOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structurePrivate practiceOptometrySurgeryFemalesense organsmedicine.symptombusinessFollow-Up StudiesJournal of cataract and refractive surgery
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Influence of different types of astigmatism on visual acuity

2016

[EN] Purpose To investigate the change in visual acuity (VA) produced by different types of astigmatism (on the basis of the refractive power and position of the principal meridians) on normal accommodating eyes. Methods The lens induced method was employed to simulate a set of 28 astigmatic blur conditions on different healthy emmetropic eyes. Additionally, 24 values of spherical defocus were also simulated on the same eyes for comparison. VA was measured in each case and the results, expressed in logMAR units, were represented against of the modulus of the dioptric power vector (blur strength). Results LogMAR VA varies in a linear fashion with increasing astigmatic blur, being the slope o…

AdultMaleVisual acuityVisual acuityAstigmatismoEstado de acomodaciónAstigmatismAgudeza visual03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinelcsh:Ophthalmologymedicinelcsh:QC350-467HumansAgudeza visualAccommodation OcularAstigmatismmedicine.diseaseEyeglassesReadingEjelcsh:RE1-994Defecto esféricoFISICA APLICADA030221 ophthalmology & optometryOptometryAccommodation stateOriginal ArticleFemalemedicine.symptomSpherical defocusAxisPsychologylcsh:Optics. Light030217 neurology & neurosurgeryOptometry
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Visual performance of two simultaneous vision multifocal contact lenses

2012

Purpose To evaluate and compare the visual performance of two simultaneous vision multifocal contact lenses (CLs). Methods In this cross-over study design 20 presbyopic subjects were fitted with two different simultaneous vision multifocal CLs (the PureVision Multifocal Low Add and Acuvue Oasys for Presbyopia) in random order. After 1 month, binocular distance visual acuity (BDVA) under photopic (85 cd/m2) and mesopic (3 cd/m2) conditions, binocular near visual acuity (BNVA), binocular distance contrast sensitivity function (CSF) under photopic and mesopic conditions, binocular near CSF and defocus curve were measured. Subjects were then refitted with the alternative correction and the proc…

AdultMaleVisual acuitygenetic structuresContact LensesMesopic visionmedia_common.quotation_subjectVisual Acuitylaw.inventionContrast SensitivitylawmedicineHumansContrast (vision)media_commonVision BinocularCross-Over Studiesbusiness.industryIntermediate distanceBoth lensesPresbyopiaPresbyopiaMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesSensory SystemsLens (optics)OphthalmologyOptometryFemalemedicine.symptombusinessOptometryPhotopic visionOphthalmic and Physiological Optics
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Quality of vision with the Acri. Twin asymmetric diffractive bifocal intraocular lens system.

2007

To assess the quality of vision in patients who had implantation of asymmetric Acri. Twin bifocal diffractive intraocular lenses (IOLs) by evaluating distance and near visual acuities and photopic and mesopic contrast sensitivity under monocular and binocular conditions.Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain.The study comprised 343 consecutive patients who had bilateral implantation of the Acri. Twin system: a distance-weighted 737D IOL and a near-weighted 733D IOL. Monocular and binocular best corrected distance visual acuities, best distance corrected near visual acuity, and distance contrast sensitivity under photopic (85 cd/m(2)) and mesopic (5 cd/m(2)) conditions were…

AdultMaleVisual acuitygenetic structuresPseudophakiaMesopic visionmedicine.medical_treatmentmedia_common.quotation_subjectVisual AcuityIntraocular lensContrast SensitivityLens Implantation IntraocularMedicineContrast (vision)HumansProspective Studiesmedia_commonAgedQuality Indicators Health CareAged 80 and overLenses IntraocularVision BinocularMonocularPhacoemulsificationbusiness.industryPhacoemulsificationMiddle Agedeye diseasesSensory SystemsOphthalmologyQuality of visionOptometrySurgeryFemalesense organsmedicine.symptombusinessPhotopic visionJournal of cataract and refractive surgery
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Visual function after implantation of a diffractive aspheric trifocal intraocular lens

2016

Purpose To evaluate distance, intermediate, and near vision after bilateral implantation of a diffractive aspheric trifocal intraocular lens (IOL). Methods This study enrolled 204 eyes of 102 patients who had bilateral implantation of the AT LISA tri 839MP IOL. Monocular and binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) (4 meters), monocular and binocular uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA) and distance-corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA) (30, 40 centimeters), binocular uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UIVA) and distance-corrected intermediate visual acuity (DCIVA) (50, 60, 70 centimeters), the defocus curve, and binocular photopic…

AdultMaleVisual acuitygenetic structuresPseudophakiamedicine.medical_treatmentVisual AcuityIntraocular lensProsthesis DesignRefraction OcularGlareContrast Sensitivity03 medical and health sciencesNear visionOcular physiology0302 clinical medicineLens Implantation IntraocularMedicineHumansProspective StudiesAgedLenses IntraocularVision BinocularPhacoemulsificationColor Visionbusiness.industryGeneral MedicinePhacoemulsificationMiddle Agedeye diseasesOphthalmologyVisual function030221 ophthalmology & optometryOptometryFemalemedicine.symptombusinessBinocular vision030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPseudophakia
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