Search results for "older"
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"Corporate governance": approcci manageriali ed etici a confronto
2009
La crisi di fiducia che colpì il sistema delle imprese statunitense nei primi anni '70 ha promosso l'elaborazione di due distinte concezioni della corporate governance. La prima ha come referente privilegiato azionisti ed investitori ed elegge il mercato (azionario) come lo strumento principale per il governo dell'impresa. L'obiettivo di tale concezione è quello di riportare il management aziendale sotto il controllo degli azionisti. La seconda cerca invece di identificare una prospettiva che tiene nella dovuta considerazione preferenze, bisogni e diritti di tutti gli stakeholders coinvolti nel processo produttivo. Riprendendo la distinzione proposta da Hirschman, possiamo dire che mentre l…
Consultare per valutare
2020
Questo capitolo esamina la consultazione all'interno del processo di policy, presentandone le caratteristiche generali. Vengono trattate nello specifico alcune tecniche di consultazione, evidenziando per ciascuna di esse i punti di forza e di debolezza definiti anche sulla base degli obiettivi conoscitivi che ci si propone di raggiungere e indicando un percorso alquanto pragmatico e operativo. This chapter examines the consultation within the policy process, presenting its general characteristics. Specific consultation techniques are dealt with, highlighting for each of them the strengths and weaknesses defined also on the basis of the cognitive objectives that we intend to achieve and indi…
Declines in Sexual Activity and Function Predict Incident Health Problems in Older Adults: Prospective Findings from the English Longitudinal Study o…
2020
The objective of this study was to investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between declines in sexual activity and function and health outcomes in a large population-based sample of older adults. Data were from 2577 men and 3195 women aged ≥ 50 years participating in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Past-year changes in sexual desire, frequency of sexual activity, and ability to have an erection (men)/become sexually aroused (women) were assessed at baseline by self-completion questionnaire. Health outcomes (self-rated health, limiting long-standing illness, doctor-diagnosed diseases of the vascular system, and cancer) were self-reported at baseline (2012/2013) an…
La orientación sexual en personas mayores: Categorías, deseos y realidades.
2020
La diversidad sexual tiende a considerarse una cuestión que afecta principalmente a personas jóvenes por lo que los estudios centrados en la vivencia de una orientación sexual minoritaria en personas mayores son muy escasos. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar el grado de coincidencia entre la orientación sexual autodefinida, el objeto de deseo y las personas con las que se han tenido relaciones sexuales. En este estudio han participado 244 personas (47,5% hombres y 52,5% mujeres) de entre 55 y 80 años heterogéneos en cuanto al nivel socioeconómico, grado académico y situación laboral. Todos ellos han cumplimentado un cuestionario sobre orientación sexual y aspectos como religión o…
Self-Enforcing, Public-Order Institutions for Contract Enforcement: Litigation, Regulation, and Limited Government in Venice, 1050–1350
2011
The spectacular economic growth of Venice during the late medieval period (1050–1350) was based on the expansion of its trade along the Mediterranean and beyond. Crucial to this expansion was the mobilization of large amounts of capital into risky investments. However, this mobilization required the development of institutions that protected creditors and shareholders from expropriation by controlling merchants. This chapter finds that legal and administrative institutions conjointly provided investor protection and explores the interactions between these public-order institutions for contract enforcement and the emergence of a limited government, a coercion-constraining institution that mo…
Bank Reliability Assessment Model: Case of Latvia
2020
Reliable and stable banks are an important precondition for the sustainable development of national economy. The objective of the chapter is to design a model allowing assessment of bank reliability in the context of bank financial strength. The model is designed using publicly available financial statement data of Latvian commercial banks, in the period of 2003–2016, macroeconomic data as well as aggregate statistical data of Latvian banking sector. The model allows calculation of ratings reflecting reliability level of banks. The model is designed based on the multiple choice model ordered logit. The chapter identifies the most important factors reflecting reliability level of banks, incl…
Corporate Governance of Banks after the Financial Crisis - Theory, Evidence, Reforms
2010
Poor corporate governance of banks has increasingly been acknowledged as an important cause of the recent financial crisis. Given the developments since the Asian financial crisis in 1997, this fact is not readily to be explained. Listed banks and even non-listed firms worldwide have publicly emphasized that good corporate governance is of vital concern for the company, and have adopted firm-specific corporate governance codices. Moreover, banking supervisors have taken up the issue. In particular, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has already published two editions of a guideline entitled “Enhancing corporate governance for banking organisations” which perfectly reflects the super…
The Uncertain Role of Banks’ Corporate Governance in Systemic Risk Regulation
2011
This paper examines how corporate governance reform of banks relates to systemic risk. Although there has been substantial emphasis on the importance of corporate governance of banks, it is not entirely clear how this enterprise relates to the goal of financial stability. The first part of the paper differentiates between kinds of risk that arise from the structure of the firm, such as shareholder ownership, limited liability and the separation between control and ownership, and kinds of risk that arise from interactions at the systemic level. It highlights why the risk-taking of banks presents, in many respects, a special case not only because of the structure of their business but also becau…
Shareholder Wealth Effects of Women on Boards Promoting Policies: Evidence from Germany
2017
This study discusses differences in the effectiveness of voluntary and mandatory policies promoting women on boards and their potential effects on stock price returns. Furthermore, it classifies the announcements of the policy proposals discussed in Germany and analyzes their impact using event study methodology. The event date identification follows a two-step procedure employing search engine query data from GoogleTrends and traditional search methods using Lexis-Nexis and newspapers. One key event produces negative significant cumulative abnormal stock returns (CAR) of approximately 1.3 percentage points. Further regression analysis of the CAR reveals that the share of women on the super…
EVA(®) vs. ROE as strategic corporate goals. A microeconomic approach
2018
International audience