Search results for "oligo"
showing 10 items of 1298 documents
Alternative splicing products of the tenascin gene distinguish rat liver fat storing cells from arterial smooth muscle cells and skin fibroblasts
1992
Abstract Fat storing-(Ito-)cells (FSC) transform into a myofibroblast-like cell type during liver fibrogenesis. A similar development can be observed in cell culture. At the moment, a definite marker to differentiate transformed FSC from smooth muscle cells (SMC) is not available. We recently found that FSC, SMC and skin fibroblasts (SF) synthesize tenascin, a novel matrix protein. As it is reported that various tissues express different tenascin forms by the mechanism of alternative pre-mRNA splicing, we analyzed the tenascin transcripts in these cell types. Total RNA extracted from cultured FSC, SMC and SF, analyzed by Northern blot hybridization, showed a 7.2 kb transcript in FSC, a 8.7 …
Multifaceted effects of oligodendroglial exosomes on neurons: impact on neuronal firing rate, signal transduction and gene regulation.
2014
Exosomes are small membranous vesicles of endocytic origin that are released by almost every cell type. They exert versatile functions in intercellular communication important for many physiological and pathological processes. Recently, exosomes attracted interest with regard to their role in cell–cell communication in the nervous system. We have shown that exosomes released from oligodendrocytes upon stimulation with the neurotransmitter glutamate are internalized by neurons and enhance the neuronal stress tolerance. Here, we demonstrate that oligodendroglial exosomes also promote neuronal survival during oxygen–glucose deprivation, a model of cerebral ischaemia. We show the transfer from…
Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells Synthesize Neuromodulatory Factors
2015
NG2 protein-expressing oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) are a persisting and major glial cell population in the adult mammalian brain. Direct synaptic innervation of OPC by neurons throughout the brain together with their ability to sense neuronal network activity raises the question of additional physiological roles of OPC, supplementary to generating myelinating oligodendrocytes. In this study we investigated whether OPC express neuromodulatory factors, typically synthesized by other CNS cell types. Our results show that OPC express two well-characterized neuromodulatory proteins: Prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS) and neuronal Pentraxin 2 (Nptx2/Narp). Expression levels of the enzym…
Laser capture microdissection and genetic analysis of carbon-labeled Kupffer cells.
2009
AIM: To develop a method of labeling and micro-dissecting mouse Kupffer cells within an extraordinarily short period of time using laser capture microdissection (LCM). METHODS: Tissues are complex structures comprised of a heterogeneous population of interconnected cells. LCM offers a method of isolating a single cell type from specific regions of a tissue section. LCM is an essential approach used in conjunction with molecular analysis to study the functional interaction of cells in their native tissue environment. The process of labeling and acquiring cells by LCM prior to mRNA isolation can be elaborate, thereby subjecting the RNA to considerable degradation. Kupffer cell labeling is ach…
L-asparaginase inhibits invasive and angiogenic activity and induces autophagy in ovarian cancer
2012
Recent work identified L-asparaginase (L-ASP) as a putative therapeutic target for ovarian cancer. We suggest that L-ASP, a dysregulator of glycosylation, would interrupt the local microenvironment, affecting the ovarian cancer cell-endothelial cell interaction and thus angiogenesis without cytotoxic effects. Ovarian cancer cell lines and human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC) were exposed to L-ASP at physiologically attainable concentrations and subjected to analyses of endothelial tube formation, invasion, adhesion and the assessment of sialylated proteins involved in matrix-associated and heterotypic cell adhesion. Marked reduction in HMVEC tube formation in vitro, HMVEC and ovari…
Design of enzyme-mediated controlled release systems based on silica mesoporous supports capped with ester-glycol groups
2012
[EN] An ethylene glycol-capped hybrid material for the controlled release of molecules in the presence of esterase enzyme has been prepared. The final organic-inorganic hybrid solid S1 was synthesized by a two-step procedure. In the first step, the pores of an inorganic MCM-41 support (in the form of nanoparticles) were loaded with [Ru(bipy) 3]Cl 2 complex, and then, in the second step, the pore outlets were functionalized with ester glycol moieties that acted as molecular caps. In the absence of an enzyme, release of the complex from aqueous suspensions of S1 at pH 8.0 is inhibited due to the steric hindrance imposed by the bulky ester glycol moieties. Upon addition of esterase enzyme, del…
PTHrP [67-86] regulates the expression of stress proteins in breast cancer cells inducing modifications in urokinase-plasminogen activator and MMP-1 …
2003
It was previously reported that a midregion domain of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), that is, [67-86]-amide, is able to restrain growth and promote matrigel penetration by the 8701-BC cell line, derived from a biopsy fragment of a primary ductal infiltrating carcinoma of the human breast, and that cell invasion in vitro is drastically impaired by inactivation of urokinase-plasminogen activator (uPa). In this study we started a more detailed investigation of the possible effects on gene expression arising from the interaction between PTHrP [67-86]-amide and 8701-BC breast cancer cells by a combination of conventional-, differential display-and semi-quantitative multiplex-polyme…
Isolation and characterization of a murine resident liver stem cell.
2008
Increasing evidence provides support that mammalian liver contains stem/progenitor cells, but their molecular phenotype, embryological derivation, biology and their role in liver cell turnover and regeneration remain to be further clarified. In this study, we report the isolation, characterization and reproducible establishment in line of a resident liver stem cell (RLSC) with immunophenotype and differentiative potentiality distinct from other previously described liver precursor/stem cells. RLSCs, derived from fetal and neonatal murine livers as well as from immortalized hepatocytic MMH lines and established in lines, are Sca+, CD34-, CD45-, alpha-fetoprotein+ and albumin-. This molecular…
Novel Lipid and Polymeric Materials as Delivery Systems for Nucleic Acid Based Drugs
2015
Nucleic acid based drugs (NADBs) are short DNA/RNA molecules that include among others, antisense oligonucleotides, aptamers, small interfering RNAs and micro-interfering RNAs. Despite the different mechanisms of actions, NABDs have the ability to combat the effects of pathological gene expression in many experimental systems. Thus, nowadays, NABDs are considered to have a great therapeutic potential, possibly superior to that of available drugs. Unfortunately, however, the lack of effective delivery systems limits the practical use of NABDs. Due to their hydrophilic nature, NABDs cannot efficiently cross cellular membrane; in addition, they are subjected to fast degradation by cellular and…
Involvement of Kv3.1 potassium chanels in 7-ketocholesterol, 24S-hydroxycholesterol and C24 : 0-induced lipotoxicity on 158N and BV-2 cells : relatio…
2017
Potassium (K+) is involved in the regulation of cellular excitability, cell cycle regulation, cell viability, neuroprotection and maintenance of microglial and oligodendrocytic functions. Potassium dysfunction, described in several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease, may be a potential therapeutic target. The underlying toxic mechanisms of these neurodegenerative pathologies involve oxysterols, which are oxidized cholesterol derivatives, and fatty acids including those associated with peroxisomal metabolism. 7-ketocholesterol (7KC), 24S-hydroxycholesterol (24S-OHC) and tetracosanoic acid (C24:0),…