Search results for "onnettomuudet"
showing 10 items of 22 documents
Ecological mechanisms can modify radiation effects in a key forest mammal of Chernobyl
2019
International audience; Nuclear accidents underpin the need to quantify the ecological mechanisms which determine injury to ecosystems from chronic low-dose radiation. Here, we tested the hypothesis that ecological mechanisms interact with ionizing radiation to affect natural populations in unexpected ways. We used large-scale replicated experiments and food manipulations in wild populations of the rodent, Myodes glareolus, inhabiting the region near the site of the Chernobyl disaster of 1986. We show linear decreases in breeding success with increasing ambient radiation levels with no evidence of any threshold below which effects are not seen. Food supplementation of experimental populatio…
Alkoholinkäytön aiheuttama liikennekuoleman riski Suomessa
2023
Tässä tutkimuksessa analysoidaan juopumuksen asteen vaikutusta kuolemaan johtavan liikenneonnettomuuden riskiin moderneilla tilastollisilla menetelmillä. Tutkimuksen pääaineistona ovat vuosina 2005–2014 Suomessa tapahtuneet kuolemaan johtaneet moottoriajoneuvo-onnettomuudet, joissa oli mukana henkilöauto aiheuttajana tai muuna osallisena. Pääaineistoa täydennetään ratsiatutkimuksista julkaistuilla tilastoilla. Keskeisiä käytettyjä mittareita ovat riskisuhde sekä vakioitu riskisuhde, josta on poistettu sekoittavien muuttujien vaikutusta. Tutkimuksen ensimmäisenä tavoitteena on selvittää, miten pieni veren alkoholipitoisuus alkaa lisätä liikenneonnettomuuden riskiä, ja toisena tavoitteena on …
Local social services in disaster management: Is there a Nordic model?
2017
Abstract The Nordic states have extensive welfare systems in which the local social services are an important component. Despite a growing research on disaster resilience, we lack research examining in systematic way whether and how local social services in the Nordic countries contribute to resilience. Aiming to fill this gap, this article asks whether we can identify a common Nordic model of the role of local social services in disasters, or whether the countries have taken different paths. We use policy documents and legislation to examine the extent to which roles for local social services are embedded in the disaster management systems of the five Nordic countries. We analyze the insti…
Sleep and sleepiness in shift-working tram drivers
2020
Driver sleepiness contributes to traffic accidents. However, sleepiness in urban public transport remains an understudied subject. To fill this gap, we examined the sleepiness, sleep, and on-duty sleepiness countermeasures (SCMs) in 23 tram drivers working morning, day, and evening shifts for three weeks. Sleepiness was measured using Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS). Nocturnal total sleep time (TST) was measured with wrist actigraphy. SCMs and naps were self-reported with a smartphone application. Caffeine and napping were considered effective SCMs. Severe sleepiness (KSS >= 7) was observed in 22% of shifts with no differences between shift types. Rest breaks were associated with slight r…
Assessment of the impacts of an oil spill on the populations of common guillemot (Uria aalge) and long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemalis) - an expert kn…
2012
The amount of operated oil transports continues to increase in the Gulf of Finland and in the case of an accident hazardous amounts of oil may be spilled into the sea. The oil accident may be harmful for the common guillemot and long-tailed duck populations. In this study expert knowledge regarding the behaviour and population dynamics of common guillemot and long-tailed duck in the Gulf of Finland was used to build a model to assess the impacts of an oil spill on the mortality and population size of these species. The Bayesian networks were used in the modelling. Based on the results the breeding colony of guillemots in Aspskär may survive in the consequence of recolonization. In conclusio…
Mining road traffic accidents
2009
Complex effects of natural disasters on protected areas
2022
It is now broadly recognised that in order to be sustainable, protected areas (PAs) must bring concrete benefits to local populations who suffer from the restrictions imposed for conservation. Natural disasters, such as major floods, bring additional challenges to conservation efforts and related support activities, notably nature-based tourism. Disasters often intensify conflicts between conservation objectives and local community needs, but they may also bring some mutual benefits. Reduced income from decreased nature-based tourism can, for example, lead to expansion of agricultural fields to protected forests, and subsequent land-use conflicts. Yet, disasters can also strengthen feelings…
The role of broadcast media in disaster preparedness education : lessons learned in the scientific
2014
This paper aims to clarify the role of broadcast media in disaster preparedness education concerning natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis. This is done by means of a systematic review of the scientific literature on this topic over the last 10 years. The results show that media information is a strong facilitator of awareness of disasters. Preparedness includes action to reduce risks, which also needs community interaction, resources and motivation. It adds to indigenous knowledge and experience of disasters, and may combine self-education by the media, school education and community efforts for disaster risk reduction. An inclusive approach is also called for in order to invo…
After cyclone Aila : politics of climate change in Sundarbans
2023
This article compares the politics of climate change in the Sundarbans region in Bangladesh and India based on ethnographic fieldwork in four villages and among migrants from these villages in Kolkata and Khulna city by focusing on the long aftermath of cyclone Aila. The comparison highlights different policy options and framings of extreme weather events . Ten years after the cyclone, the aftermath of Aila continues in both regions we studied in Bangladesh and India, but partly for different reasons. In our study areas in Bangladesh, the aftermath of Aila reinforced the neglect of coastal livelihoods, whereas, in the communities we studied in India, Aila spurred new investments in the affe…
Rockfestivaalin kriisiviestintä : Roskilden vuoden 2000 tragedia
2010
Tässä tutkimuksessa tutkittiin rockfestivaalin kriisiviestintää festivaaliorganisaation ja sen yhden sidosryhmän näkökulmasta. Kriisiviestintä on aiheena ajankohtainen niin viestinnän tutkimuksessa kuin yhteisöjen käytännön toiminnassa. Festivaalit ovat lisäksi yhteiskunnallisesti kiinnostava tutkimuskohde. Kriisiviestinnän teoria nivottiin tapahtuma- ja festivaaliorganisaatioiden toimintaympäristöön. Tapauksena oli yksi festivaalialan isoimmista onnettomuuksista; vuonna 2000 tanskalaisella Roskilde-festivaalilla kuoli yhdeksän henkilöä lavanedusruuhkassa. Kriisiviestintään, kriisin vaikutuksiin ja median kriisitoimintaan liittyviä kysymyksiä selvitettiin organisaation omasta ja suomalaisen…