Search results for "opacity"

showing 10 items of 73 documents

Geometric Measurement Analysis Versus Fourier Series Analysis for Shape Characterization Using the Gastropod Shell (Trivia) as an Example

2003

Varied and efficient methods have been developed to describe and quantify natural objects. The most common ones use superimposition techniques (e.g. Procrustes methods; Bookstein, 1991), decomposition into harmonics (Fourier series and functions, wavelets; Anstey and Delmet, 1973; Christopher and Waters, 1974; Gevirtz, 1976; Lestrel, 1997; Toubin and others, 1999; Verrecchia, Van Grootel, and Guillemet, 1996; Younger and Ehrlich, 1977), analysis of spiral functions (e.g. Raup parameters; Raup, 1961, 1966; Tursch, 1998), and combinations of parameters from elementary geometry (e.g. circularity index, lengthening; Coster and Chermant, 1989; Schmidt-Kittler, 1986; Viriot, Chaline, and Schaaf, …

OpacityGeometryGastropod shellsymbols.namesakeMathematics (miscellaneous)WaveletFourier transformHarmonicsEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)symbolsSuperimpositionPhysical geographyFourier seriesWhorl (botany)Mathematics
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Non-LTE radiation hydrodynamics in PLUTO

2019

Modeling the dynamics of most astrophysical structures requires an adequate description of the radiation-matter interaction. Several numerical (magneto)hydrodynamics codes were upgraded with a radiation module to fulfill this request. However, those among them that use either the flux-limited diffusion (FLD) or the M1 radiation moment approaches are restricted to the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). This assumption may be not valid in some astrophysical cases. We present an upgraded version of the LTE radiation-hydrodynamics module implemented in the PLUTO code, originally developed by Kolb et al. (2013), which we have extended to handle non-LTE regimes. Starting from the general freq…

OpacityThermodynamic equilibriumFOS: Physical sciencesContext (language use)radiation: dynamicsAstrophysics01 natural sciencessymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencesRadiative transfer[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Statistical physicsDiffusion (business)Planck010306 general physicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)010303 astronomy & astrophysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Physics[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]opacityAstronomy and AstrophysicsHydrodynamicPlutoSpace and Planetary SciencehydrodynamicsMoment (physics)symbolsAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Astronomy & Astrophysics
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Theoretical profiles of the Mg + resonance lines perturbed by collisions with He

2016

International audience; The effects of collision broadening by He are central to understanding the opacity of cool stellar atmospheres. Aims. DZ white dwarfs show metal lines which are, in many cases, believed to come from some rocky material, a remnant of a former exoplanetary system. The analysis of the Mg + resonance lines is a valuable method to determine the chemical abundances in these systems. Methods. Unified profiles of the strongest of the UV lines of Mg + have been calculated in the semi-classical approach using very recent ab initio potential energies. Results. We present the first theoretical line profile calculations of the resonance lines of Mg + that have been perturbed by h…

Opacity[ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Ab initiochemistry.chemical_elementAstrophysics01 natural sciencesResonance (particle physics)Metal0103 physical sciencesstars: atmospheresAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsHeliumAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsLine (formation)white dwarfsPhysicsStellar atmosphereWhite dwarfAstronomy and Astrophysicsline: profileschemistry13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary Sciencevisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAtomic physics[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
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A comparison of different optimization algorithms for retrieving aerosol optical depths from satellite data: an example of using a dual-angle algorit…

2011

Optimization techniques are often used in remote sensing retrieval of surface or atmospheric parameters. Nevertheless, different algorithms may exhibit different performances for the same optimization problem. Comparison of some classic optimization approaches in this article aims to select the best method for retrieving aerosol opacity, or even for other parameters, from remotely sensed data. Eight frequently used optimization algorithms were evaluated using both simulated data and actual AATSR advanced along track scanning radiometer data. Several typical land cover types and aerosol opacity levels were also considered in the simulations to make the tests more representative. It was obser…

Optimization problemRadiometerOpacityApproximation errorComputer scienceGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesContrast (statistics)A priori and a posterioriAATSRAlgorithmAerosolInternational Journal of Remote Sensing
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KLEIP Deficiency in Mice Causes Progressive Corneal Neovascular Dystrophy

2012

PURPOSE. The BTB-kelch protein KLEIP/KLHL20 is an actin binding protein that regulates cell-cell contact formation and cell migration. The aim of our study was to characterize KLEIP’s function in ocular health and disease in mice. METHODS. KLEIP -/- mice were generated, and corneas were examined histologically and stained for keratin-1, loricrin, keratin-12, keratin-14, CD31, LYVE-1, F4/80, E-cadherin, and Ki67. Corneal abrasions were performed after eyelid opening. RESULTS. Corneas of KLEIP þ/þ and KLEIP -/- mice were indistinguishable at birth. After eyelid opening corneal epithelial hyperplasia started to manifest in KLEIP -/- mice, showing a progressive epithelial metaplasia leading to …

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtyStromal cellGenotypeMice TransgenicCorneal dystrophyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionCorneaMiceCorneal OpacityCorneamedicineAnimalsCorneal NeovascularizationRNA MessengerAdaptor Proteins Signal TransducingCorneal epitheliumintegumentary systembusiness.industryDystrophymedicine.diseaseeye diseasesEpitheliumMice Inbred C57BLDisease Models Animalmedicine.anatomical_structureGene Expression RegulationDisease ProgressionEpithelial MetaplasiaLoricrinsense organsCarrier ProteinsbusinessInvestigative Opthalmology & Visual Science
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Subwavelength sound screening by coupling space-coiled Fabry-Perot resonators

2017

We explore broadband and omnidirectional low frequency sound screening based on locally resonant acoustic metamaterials. We show that the coupling of different resonant modes supported by Fabry-Perot cavities can efficiently generate asymmetric lineshapes in the transmission spectrum, leading to a broadband sound opacity. The Fabry-Perot cavities are space-coiled in order to shift the resonant modes under the diffraction edge, which guaranty the opacity band for all incident angles. Indeed, the deep subwavelength feature of the cavities leads to avoid diffraction that have been proved to be the main limitation of omnidirectional capabilities of locally resonant perforated plates. We experim…

PhysicsDiffractionOpacitybusiness.industryAttenuationGeneral Physics and AstronomyMetamaterialPhysics::OpticsFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics - Applied Physics02 engineering and technologyAcoustic waveApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesResonatorWavelengthOptics0103 physical sciences010306 general physics0210 nano-technologybusinessFabry–Pérot interferometer
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Limit to the radio emission from a putative central compact source in SN1993J

2013

SN1993J in M81 is the best studied young radio-luminous supernova in the Northern Hemisphere. We recently reported results from the analysis of a complete set of VLBI observations of this supernova at 1.7, 2.3, 5.0, and 8.4 GHz, covering a time baseline of more than one decade. Those reported results were focused on the kinematics of the expanding shock, the particulars of its evolving non-thermal emission, the density profile of the circumstellar medium, and the evolving free-free opacity by the supernova ejecta. In the present paper, we complete our analysis by performing a search for any possible signal from a compact source (i.e., a stellar-mass black hole or a young pulsar nebula) at t…

PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)NebulaCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)OpacityAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsBlack holeWavelengthSupernovaPulsarSpace and Planetary ScienceVery-long-baseline interferometryAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaEjectaAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Radio emission of SN1993J: the complete picture. I. Re-analysis of all the available VLBI data

2010

We have performed a complete re-calibration and re-analysis of all the available VLBI observations of supernova SN1993J, following an homogeneous and well-defined methodology. Observations of SN1993J at 69 epochs, spanning 13 years, were performed by two teams, which used different strategies and analysis tools. The results obtained by each group are similar, but their conclusions on the supernova expansion and the shape and evolution of the emitting region differ significantly. From our analysis of the combined set of observations, we have obtained an expansion curve with unprecedented time resolution and coverage. We find that the data from both teams are compatible when analyzed with the…

PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Spectral indexCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)OpacityAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaContinuum (design consultancy)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsGalaxySupernovaWavelengthSpace and Planetary ScienceVery-long-baseline interferometryAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaEjectaAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Corrigendum to "Titan's surface and atmosphere from Cassini/VIMS data with updated methane opacity" [Icarus 226 (2013) 470-486]

2013

0019-1035/$ see front matter 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2013.07.015 DOI of original article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2013.05.033 ⇑ Corresponding author. Address: LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Section de Meudon, 92195 Meudon Cedex, France. Fax: +33 145072806. E-mail address: bruno.bezard@obspm.fr (B. Bezard). 1 Present address: Foundation ‘‘La main a la pâte’’, Montrouge, France. M. Hirtzig , B. Bezard a,⇑, E. Lellouch , A. Coustenis , C. de Bergh , P. Drossart , A. Campargue , V. Boudon , V. Tyuterev , P. Rannou , T. Cours , S. Kassi , A. Nikitin , D. Mondelain , S. Rodriguez , S. Le Mouelic g

PhysicsICARUS[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesOpacityAstronomyAstronomy and Astrophysics01 natural sciencesMethaneAstrobiologysymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistry13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary Science0103 physical sciencessymbolsTitan (rocket family)010303 astronomy & astrophysicsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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Electron neutrino opacity in magnetised media

1997

We study the effects of strong magnetic fields ($B> 10^{13}$~G) in the cross section for $��_e n\to p e$ scattering in the presence of a degenerate electron background. This can be relevant for the $��_e$ propagation in the proto-neutron star stage after supernovae collapse. We find that for field strengths $B> 10^{16}$~G$(E_��/10$ MeV$)^2$ the $��_e$ opacity is sizeably affected by the magnetic field and can lead to a shift in the location of the electron neutrino sphere towards lower densities. We discuss the implications that this may have for scenarios proposed to explain the observed pulsar velocities.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsOpacityField (physics)ScatteringAstrophysics (astro-ph)Nuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesElectronAstrophysicsAstrophysicsMagnetic fieldHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologySupernovaHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)PulsarElectron neutrinoJournal of High Energy Physics
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