Search results for "ops"
showing 10 items of 5435 documents
Peripersonal Visuospatial Abilities in Williams Syndrome Analyzed by a Table Radial Arm Maze Task
2020
Williams syndrome (WS) is a genetic deletion syndrome characterized by severe visuospatial deficits affecting spatial exploration and navigation abilities in extra-personal space.To date, little is known about spatial elaboration and reaching abilities in the peripersonal space in individuals with WS. The present study is aimed at evaluating the visuospatial abilities in individuals with WS and comparing their performances with those of mental age-matched typically developing (TD) children by using a highly sensitive ecological version of the Radial Arm Maze (table RAM). We evaluated 15 individuals with WS and 15 TD children in two different table RAM paradigms: the free-choice paradigm, ma…
Perfil neuropsicológico pre y post rehabilitación de una adolescente tratada con radioterapia holocraneal
2005
Burkitt no Hodgin estadío 4 con afectación en el SNC. Los tratamientos incluyeron, además de quimioterapia sistémica e intrarraquídea (LMB-89), radioterapia holocraneal (24Gy). En estudio de imagen se aprecian cambios de señal en sustancia blanca frontal relacionados con terapéutica. La paciente fue evaluada con el protocolo de evaluación neuropsicológica de nuestra Unidad. Este protocolo abarca múltiples funciones cognitivas, así como evaluación de alteraciones psicopatológicas. En septiembre de 2003 presentaba deterioro cognitivo prácticamente generalizado. La rehabilitación se realizó teniendo en cuenta este perfil, edad y las perspectivas e intereses de la paciente. Se decidió interveni…
Las necesidades educativas especiales de los niños con tumores intracraneales
2000
Los tumores del sistema nervioso central (S.N.C.) son el segundo tipo de neoplasias más usuales en la infancia, después de las leucemias, y constituyen uno de los retos más importantes, tanto para los médicos, como para los psicólogos, pedagogos y maestros, en su tarea de mejorar o compensar las secuelas neurológicas derivadas de la enfermedad y de los tratamientos. En la práctica las secuelas son el precio que un niño con tumor intracraneal debe pagar por vivir, y la meta futura es intentar evitarlas, prevenirlas y tratarlas. Las posibilidades de recuperación del niño con un tumor intracraneal son muchas e importantes. La rehabilitación neuropsicológica debe comenzar lo antes posible: cuan…
A classification of motivation and behavior change techniques used in self-determination theory-based interventions in health contexts
2020
While evidence suggests that interventions based on self-determination theory have efficacy in motivating adoption and maintenance of health-related behaviors, and in promoting adaptive psychological outcomes, the motivational techniques that comprise the content of these interventions have not been comprehensively identified or described. The aim of the present study was to develop a classification system of the techniques that comprise self-determination theory interventions, with satisfaction of psychological needs as an organizing principle. Candidate techniques were identified through a comprehensive review of self-determination theory interventions and nomination by experts. The study…
Validación de la biopsia selectiva de ganglio centinela como método de estadificación axilar postneoadyuvancia en pacientes con cáncer de mama y axil…
2021
La biopsia selectiva de ganglio centinela (BSGC) es la técnica de elección para la estadificación axilar en pacientes con cáncer de mama que no reciben tratamiento neoadyuvante (NA), así como en aquellas con axila negativa (N0) al diagnóstico que reciben NA. En pacientes con afectación axilar al diagnóstico (N+) que reciben NA, la realización de BSGC todavía sigue generando debate, debido fundamentalmente a la mayor tasa de falsos negativos (TFN) reportada en los primeros estudios realizados, recomendando todavía la mayoría de guías actuales la realización de linfadenectomía axilar (LA). Algunos procedimientos recientemente descritos, como el marcaje del ganglio inicialmente afecto y su loc…
Fractalkine Signaling and Microglia Functions in the Developing Brain.
2015
Microglial cells are the resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS). Besides their classical roles in pathological conditions, these immune cells also dynamically interact with neurons and influence their structure and function in physiological conditions. The neuronal chemokine fractalkine and its microglial receptor CX3CR1 are one important signaling pathway involved in these reciprocal interactions. In the present review, we will discuss recent evidence indicating that fractalkine signaling also determines several functions of microglial cells during normal CNS development. It has been known for a decade that microglial cells influence the neuronal death that normally occur…
CONGENITAL NEUROBLASTOMA: A RARE CASE OF PLURIVISCERAL METASTATIC DISSEMINATION
2021
Neuroblastoma is one of the most common neonatal tumors. It involves children in early infancy and originates from neural crest cells of the adrenal gland medulla or sympathetic glia. We report an unusual case of congenital poorly differentiated neuroblastoma with multiple metastases in the brain and cerebellum. The biophysical profile showed a prominent polyhydramnios at 25.3 weeks of gestation; meantime, the mother was diagnosed with gestational diabetes. The mass was detected during the third ultrasonographic examination at 31.4 weeks of gestation. The fetus lived only one day after birth and the postmortem examinations were performed subsequently. An autopsy was performed both to unders…
Cranio-Facial Characteristics in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)
2019
Background: Cranio-facial anomalies frequently occur in neurodevelopmental disorders because both face and brain are derived from neuroectoderm. The identification of differences in the facial phenotype of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) may reflect alterations in embryologic brain development in children with ASD. Methods: we evaluated 33 caucasian children with ASD using a 2D computerized photogrammetry. Anthropometric euclidean measurements and landmarks located on the soft tissue of the face and head, were based on five cranio-facial indexes. Relationships between anthropometric z-scores and participant characteristics (i.e., age, Global IQ, severity of autistic symptoms m…
Neuroethics as a new field of research.
2011
Validation of a Psychosocial Chronic Stress Model in the Pig Using a Multidisciplinary Approach at the Gut-Brain and Behavior Levels
2019
Psychological chronic stress is an important risk factor for major depressive disorder, of which consequences have been widely studied in rodent models. This work aimed at describing a pig model of chronic stress based on social isolation, environmental impoverishment and unpredictability. Three groups of animals of both sexes were constituted. Two were exposed to the psychosocial stressors while receiving (SF, n = 12) or not (SC, n = 22) the antidepressant fluoxetine, and a third group (NSC, n = 22) remained unstressed. Animals were observed in home pens and during dedicated tests to assess resignation and anxiety-like behaviors. Brain structure and function were evaluated via proton MRS a…