Search results for "oralism"
showing 10 items of 54 documents
Alu insertion polymorphisms in the African Sahel and the origin of Fulani pastoralists.
2017
The origin of Western African pastoralism, represented today by the Fulani nomads, has been a highly debated issue for the past decades, and has not yet been conclusively resolved.This study focused on Alu polymorphisms in sedentary and nomadic populations across the African Sahel to investigate patterns of diversity that can complement the existing results and contribute to resolving issues concerning the origin of West African pastoralism.A new dataset of 21 Alu biallelic markers covering a substantial part of the African Sahel has been analysed jointly with several published North African populations.Interestingly, with regard to Alu variation, the relationship of Fulani pastoralists to …
The genetic prehistory of the Baltic Sea region
2018
Correction: Nature communications 9 (2018), art. no. 1494 doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03872-y While the series of events that shaped the transition between foraging societies and food producers are well described for Central and Southern Europe, genetic evidence from Northern Europe surrounding the Baltic Sea is still sparse. Here, we report genome-wide DNA data from 38 ancient North Europeans ranging from similar to 9500 to 2200 years before present. Our analysis provides genetic evidence that hunter-gatherers settled Scandinavia via two routes. We reveal that the first Scandinavian farmers derive their ancestry from Anatolia 1000 years earlier than previously demonstrated. The range of Mesolit…
The spread of steppe and Iranian-related ancestry in the islands of the western Mediterranean
2020
Steppe-pastoralist-related ancestry reached Central Europe by at least 2500 bc, whereas Iranian farmer-related ancestry was present in Aegean Europe by at least 1900 bc. However, the spread of these ancestries into the western Mediterranean, where they have contributed to many populations that live today, remains poorly understood. Here, we generated genome-wide ancient-DNA data from the Balearic Islands, Sicily and Sardinia, increasing the number of individuals with reported data from 5 to 66. The oldest individual from the Balearic Islands (~2400 bc) carried ancestry from steppe pastoralists that probably derived from west-to-east migration from Iberia, although two later Balearic individ…
The Genetic History of Northern Europe
2017
Recent ancient DNA studies have revealed that the genetic history of modern Europeans was shaped by a series of migration and admixture events between deeply diverged groups. While these events are well described in Central and Southern Europe, genetic evidence from Northern Europe surrounding the Baltic Sea is still sparse. Here we report genome-wide DNA data from 24 ancient North Europeans ranging from ~7,500 to 200 calBCE spanning the transition from a hunter-gatherer to an agricultural lifestyle, as well as the adoption of bronze metallurgy. We show that Scandinavia was settled after the retreat of the glacial ice sheets from a southern and a northern route, and that the first Scandinav…
Organic residue analysis shows sub-regional patterns in the use of pottery by Northern European hunter–gatherers
2020
The introduction of pottery vessels to Europe has long been seen as closely linked with the spread of agriculture and pastoralism from the Near East. The adoption of pottery technology by hunter–gatherers in Northern and Eastern Europe does not fit this paradigm, and its role within these communities is so far unresolved. To investigate the motivations for hunter–gatherer pottery use, here, we present the systematic analysis of the contents of 528 early vessels from the Baltic Sea region, mostly dating to the late 6th–5th millennium cal BC, using molecular and isotopic characterization techniques. The results demonstrate clear sub-regional trends in the use of ceramics by hunter–gatherers; …
An approach to the high mountain settlements in the Pyrenees from Archaeology and Ethnography
2021
En este artículo se presentan los resultados de un trabajo de investigación destinado a verificar la existencia de diversos modelos de poblamiento en las zonas de alta montaña de los Pirineos a lo largo de la historia. Para ello se ha contrastado la documentación etnográfica sobre los pastores trashumantes recogida a principios del s. XX con el registro arqueológico obtenido durante diversas campañas de prospección llevadas a cabo en el Parque Nacional de Aigüestortes i Estany de Sant Maurici (Lérida). Los resultados de la investigación permiten verificar la existencia de cómo mínimo tres modelos de poblamiento basados en prácticas ganaderas distintas a la ganadería trashumante tradicional …
The System of Cattle Redistribution among the Boraana Obbuu and its Implications for Development Planning
1990
Decisions in the Shade: Political and Juridical Processes among the Oromo-Borana
2005
The Borana conserved landscape, Ethiopia
2008
Il caso Diigalu Tiiti. Strutture sociali e processi produttivi presso i Borana dell'Etiopia
1990
This paper concerns the social elements which are relevant in relation with some important productive features of the Borana of Southern Ethiopia. Recent field-data seem to indicate that the structure provided by descent is particularly significant with regard both to economical mutual assistance and to management of wells, the crucial natural resources. Cet article concerne les éléments sociaux importants par rapport à des procédés de production des Borana du sud de l'Ethiopie. Le système de parenté semble particulièrement significatif aussi bien en ce qui concerne l'assistance réciproque que pour la gestion des puits, la ressource naturelle cruciale.