Search results for "osteoporosis"

showing 10 items of 393 documents

Statins, Fracture Risk, and Bone Remodeling: What Is True?

2006

Besides the action on plasma lipid levels, statins show a series of ancillary effects defined as all of their vascular and nonvascular effects independent from the cholesterol reduction. It has been recently hypothesized that one of these ancillary effects could be the improvement of bone health, due to the interference with bone metabolism. This may potentially represent the rationale for statins' use in the treatment of osteoporosis, the most common disease of the bone. Both experimental observations and clinical studies on this topic generated a number of conflicting results; however, the largest randomized clinical trials, the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S), Long Term Inte…

MaleRiskSimvastatinmedicine.medical_specialtyOsteoporosisMyocardial IschemiaBioinformaticsBone remodelinglaw.inventionFractures Bonechemistry.chemical_compoundRandomized controlled trialRisk FactorslawHumansMedicineLongitudinal StudiesRisk factorPravastatinRandomized Controlled Trials as Topicbusiness.industryCholesterolOsteoporosiStatinnutritional and metabolic diseasesGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseSurgerychemistrySimvastatinOsteoporosisFemalelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Bone RemodelingTherapyHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsbusinessFracturesHeart Protection StudyPravastatinmedicine.drugThe American Journal of the Medical Sciences
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Classification of functioning and assessment of fracture risk of a large Italian osteoporotic population. The physiatric approach to osteoporosis pro…

2015

Background: Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength predisposing to an increased risk of fracture. Osteoporotic fractures cause significant morbidity, disability, and decrease in quality of life. Aim: The aims of the Physiatric Approach To Osteoporosis (PATO) project were to classify osteoporotic patients with or without fragility fractures, using the Brief ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) Core Set for Osteoporosis and to calculate the fracture risk with the WHO FRAX® (World Health Organization Fracture Risk Assessment Tool) algorithm. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: Seventy-nine Italian Rehabilitation S…

MaleSettore MED/34 - Medicina Fisica E RiabilitativaRehabilitationOsteoporosiRisk Assessmentosteoporosis rehabilitation fractureDisability EvaluationFractureCross-Sectional StudiesItalyBone DensityRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesHumansOsteoporosisFemaleBoneAlgorithmsOsteoporotic FracturesAgedDemographyPain Measurement
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Time to onset of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws: a multicentre retrospective cohort study

2017

Objectives: Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a potentially severe adverse effect of bisphosphonates (BP). Although the risk of ONJ increases with increasing duration of BP treatment, there are currently no reliable estimates of the ONJ time to onset (TTO). The objective of this study was to estimate the TTO and associated risk factors in BP-treated patients. Subjects and Methods: Retrospective analysis of data from 22 secondary care centres in seven countries relevant to 349 patients who developed BP-related ONJ between 2004 and 2012. Results: The median (95%CI) TTO was 6.0 years in patients treated with alendronate (n = 88) and 2.2 years in those treated with zoledronate (n = 218). Multiv…

MalebisphosphonateTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatmentOsteoporosis0302 clinical medicineRisk Factors80 and overosteoporosijaw osteonecrosiAged 80 and overBone Density Conservation AgentsDiphosphonatesjaw osteonecrosisjaw osteonecrosis bisphosphonates breast cancer multiple myeloma prostate cance osteoporosisIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)Otorhinolaryngology2734 Pathology and Forensic MedicineMiddle Agedprostate cancermultiple myeloma030220 oncology & carcinogenesisBisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the JawFemaleAdultmedicine.medical_specialty2734Drug Administration SchedulePathology and Forensic Medicine03 medical and health sciencesbreast cancerbisphosphonates; breast cancer; jaw osteonecrosis; multiple myeloma; osteoporosis; prostate cancer; Adult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diphosphonates; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Proportional Hazards Models; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Otorhinolaryngology; 2734; Pathology and Forensic Medicine; Dentistry (all)Internal medicinemedicineHumansBisphosphonates; Breast cancer; Jaw osteonecrosis; Multiple myeloma; Osteoporosis; Prostate cancer; Otorhinolaryngology2734 Pathology and Forensic Medicine; Dentistry (all)prostate canceAdverse effectGeneral DentistrybisphosphonatesAgedProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesBisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jawbusiness.industryProportional hazards modelRetrospective cohort study030206 dentistryBisphosphonatemedicine.diseaseosteoporosisSurgeryCross-Sectional StudiesOtorhinolaryngologyMultivariate AnalysisDentistry (all)businessOsteonecrosis of the jaw
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Relationship between Low Bone Mineral Density and Fractures with Incident Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2017

An increasing evidence base suggests that low bone mineral density (BMD) and fractures are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis summarizing the evidence of low BMD and fractures as risk factors for future CVD. Two independent authors searched major databases from inception to August 1, 2016, for longitudinal studies reporting data on CVD incidence (overall and specific CVD) and BMD status and fractures. The association between low BMD, fractures, and CVD across longitudinal studies was explored by calculating pooled adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) ±95% confidence intervals (CIs) with a random-effects meta-analysis. Twenty-eight studie…

Maleddc:616IncidenceCARDIOVASCULAR DISEASECoronary Artery DiseaseMETA-ANALYSISOSTEOPOROSISArticleDiabetes and MetabolismFractures BoneEndocrinologyBone DensityRisk FactorsBONE MINERAL DENSITY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; META-ANALYSIS; OSTEOPOROSIS; Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism; Orthopedics and Sports MedicineHumansFemaleOrthopedics and Sports MedicineBONE MINERAL DENSITY
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Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and bone health outcomes: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis.

2017

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a common condition in the elderly. A number of studies have investigated the relationship between MGUS and bone health outcomes including bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis and fractures, but no meta-analysis exists. We conducted a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis comparing bone health outcomes in patients with MGUS. Two independent authors searched PubMed and Scopus from inception until 19 October 2016. A meta-analysis of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies investigating fractures and BMD was conducted. Standardised mean differences (SMD) ± 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for BMD, and risk…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyAgingEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismOsteoporosis030209 endocrinology & metabolismMonoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined SignificanceBone and Bones03 medical and health sciencesFractures Bone0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyBone DensityInternal medicinemedicineOdds RatioPrevalenceHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineLongitudinal StudiesFemoral neckAgedBone mineralbusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)IncidenceGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalAging; Fractures; Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance; OsteoporosisSurgeryDiabetes and Metabolismmedicine.anatomical_structureCross-Sectional StudiesMonoclonal gammopathy of undetermined signifcance Osteoporosis Fractures Aging030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMeta-analysisRelative riskCase-Control StudiesAging; Fractures; Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance; Osteoporosis; Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism; Orthopedics and Sports Medicine; EndocrinologyOsteoporosisFemalebusinessFracturesMonoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significanceJournal of bone and mineral metabolism
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Physiology of the aging bone and mechanisms of action of bisphosphonates.

2011

Fragility fractures, a major public health concern, are expected to further increase due to aging of the world populations because age remains a cardinal, independent determinant of fracture risk. With aging the balance between bone formation and resorption during the remodeling process becomes negative, with increased resorption and reduced formation. Bisphosphonates (BPs) are widely prescribed anti-resorptive agents that inhibit osteoclasts attachment to bone matrix and enhance osteoclast apoptosis. BPs can be divided into nitrogen-containing (N-BPs) and non-nitrogen-containing BPs (non-N-BPs). Both classes induce apoptosis but they evoke it differently. Several studies have examined the …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyAgingSettore MED/09 - Medicina Internamedicine.medical_treatmentOsteoporosisurologic and male genital diseasesBone resorptionBone and BonesBone remodelingOsteoclastInternal medicinemedicineHumansCellular SenescenceBONE BONE TURNOVER FRAGILITY FRACTURES AGING BISPHOSPHONATESOsteoblastsBone Density Conservation AgentsDiphosphonatesbusiness.industryBone metastasisOsteoblastBisphosphonatemedicine.diseaseEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureOsteocyteFemaleBone RemodelingGeriatrics and GerontologybusinessGerontologyhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsBiogerontology
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Hyperuricemia protects against low bone mineral density, osteoporosis and fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016

Background: Serum uric acid (SUA) accounts for about 50% of extracellular antioxidant activity, suggesting that hyperuricemia may have a protective role in diseases characterized by high levels of oxidative stress, such as osteoporosis. We aimed to meta-analyse data regarding bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis and fractures in people with higher SUA vs. lower SUA concentrations. Materials and methods: Two investigators conducted a literature search using PubMed and Scopus, without language restrictions. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used for BMD; risk ratios (RRs) and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for cross-sectional data. Most possible adju…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyBone densityClinical BiochemistryOsteoporosis030209 endocrinology & metabolismBone mineral density; fractures; hyperuricemia; osteoporosis; uric acid; Bone Density; Epidemiologic Methods; Female; Humans; Hyperuricemia; Male; Osteoporosis; Osteoporotic Fractures; Uric AcidhyperuricemiaBiochemistryBone remodelingNO03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBone mineral density; fractures; hyperuricemia; osteoporosis; uric aciduric acidBone DensityInternal medicinemedicineBone mineral densityHumansHyperuricemiaFemoral neck030203 arthritis & rheumatologyBone mineralbusiness.industryHazard ratioGeneral MedicineOdds ratiofracturesmedicine.diseaseosteoporosismedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyFemalebusinessEpidemiologic MethodsOsteoporotic FracturesBone mineral density fractures hyperuricemia osteoporosis uric acid.
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Bone density of the calcaneus and fractures in 75- and 80-year-old men and women

1994

Bone mineral density of the calcaneus in relation to fractures was studied both retrospectively and prospectively among the 75- and 80-year-old men and women resident in the city of Jyväskylä, Finland, in 1989 and 1990, respectively. The bone measurements were performed at the calcaneus by 125I-photon absorption. Retrospective fracture (RF) history after age 50 was collected by questionnaire and interview, and reported fractures were checked from medical records. In the retrospective study, in the 75-year-olds a fracture was found in 22% (n = 22) of men and in 45% (n = 84) of women. The corresponding figures for the 80-year-olds were 16% (n = 9) and 35% (n = 48). Over half of the fractures …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyBone densityEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismOsteoporosisFractures BoneBone DensitymedicineHumansProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyAgedRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overBone mineralbusiness.industryIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)Urban Healthmedicine.diseaseSurgeryCalcaneusmedicine.anatomical_structureOrthopedic surgeryRegression AnalysisFemaleCalcaneusAnklebusinessOsteoporosis International
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Serum osteocalcin in relation to calcaneal bone mineral density in elderly men and women: a 5-year follow-up

2000

A 5-year follow-up study investigated serum concentrations of total (tOC) and intact (iOC) osteocalcin in relation to calcaneal bone mineral density (BMD). The study comprised two cohorts, 75- and 80-year-olds, both resident in the city of Jyvaskyla, Finland. Baseline OC and BMD were obtained for 161 men and 233 women, of whom 83 men and 189 women participated in follow-up bone measurements. The mean concentration of tOC increased from 9.6 +/- 4.3 to 13.2 +/- 8.5 microg/l (P = 0.001) in men and from 11.2 +/- 4.9 to 14.0 +/- 6.1 microg/l (P < 0.001) in women, whereas mean iOC decreased from 6.4 +/- 3.0 to 5.9 +/- 3.0 microg/l (P = 0.273) and from 7.7 +/- 3.7 to 6.9 +/- 3.4 microg/l (P = 0.02…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyBone diseaseBone densityEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismOsteocalcinOsteoporosisBone remodelingCohort StudiesFractures BoneEndocrinologyBone DensityInternal medicinemedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyAgedBone mineralbiologybusiness.industryGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseCalcaneusEndocrinologyQuartileOsteocalcinbiology.proteinFemaleBone RemodelingbusinessFollow-Up StudiesJournal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism
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Assessing the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw due to bisphosphonate therapy in the secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures

2012

There is evidence that the use oral bisphosphonates can lead to osteronecrosis of the jaws (ONJ). Although the occurrence of ONJ appears rare among oral bisphosphonates (BPs) users, it is important to know that it exists and can be opportunely minimized. INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between BPs prescribed for the secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures and the occurrence of ONJ. METHODS: An Italian record linkage claims database with a target population of around 18 million individuals (6 million over 55 years of age) constituted the data source. We conducted a nested case-control study within a cohort of individuals aged 55+ years old, who w…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismONJDentistryOsteoporosis; fractures; biphosphonatesAdministration OralBisphosphonates Nested case–control study Osteonecrosis of the jaw Osteoporotic fracturesOSTEPOROSISRisk AssessmentAssociationADMINSTRATIVE DATABASESnested case-control studySettore MED/28 - Malattie OdontostomatologicheClaims dataMedicineHumansnested case-control study; osteoporotic fractures; osteonecrosis of the jaw; bisphosphonatesWomenbisphosphonatesAgedSecondary preventionAged 80 and overOral bisphosphonatesBone Density Conservation AgentsDiphosphonatesbusiness.industryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseOral BisphosphonateNecrosiosteonecrosis of the jawItalyClaims DataCase-Control StudiesOrthopedic surgeryBisphosphonates; Osteonecrosis of the jaw; Osteoporotic fractures; Nested case-control studyBisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the JawFemaleSurgeryProfileBisphosphonate therapyMedical Record LinkagebusinessOsteonecrosis of the jawOsteoporotic Fractures
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