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showing 10 items of 13935 documents

Cold water reduces the severity of parasite-inflicted damage : support for wintertime recuperation in aquatic hosts

2019

The reduction in host fitness caused by parasite infections (virulence) depends on infection intensity and the degree of damage caused per parasite. Environmental conditions can shape both virulence components, but in contrast to infection intensity, environmental impacts on per-parasite damage are poorly understood. Here, we studied the effect of ambient temperature on per-parasite damage, which is jointly determined by the ability of parasites to induce harm (per-parasite pathogenicity) and the ability of hosts to limit damage (tolerance). We experimentally exposed two salmonid species, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and sea trout (Salmo trutta), to replicated genotypes of the eye fluke Di…

0106 biological sciencesPost exposureTroutSalmo salarsalmonidZoologyVirulence010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesParasite loadinfektiotHost-Parasite InteractionstrematodeFish DiseasesloisetSea troutParasite hostingAnimalsParasitesSalmoEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicssietokykytolerancebiologyHost (biology)010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyimumadotvirulenssilohikalatWatertemperaturebiology.organism_classificationkalatauditvirulenceWarm waterlämpötilaTrematoda
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Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Asteroidea database

2018

The present dataset is a compilation of georeferenced occurrences of asteroids (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) in the Southern Ocean. Occurrence data south of 45°S latitude were mined from various sources together with information regarding the taxonomy, the sampling source and sampling sites when available. Records from 1872 to 2016 were thoroughly checked to ensure the quality of a dataset that reaches a total of 13,840 occurrences from 4,580 unique sampling events. Information regarding the reproductive strategy (brooders vs. broadcasters) of 63 species is also made available. This dataset represents the most exhaustive occurrence database on Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic asteroids.

0106 biological sciencesPresence-only dataSciences et médecine vétérinairesReproductive strategyOccurrence data[SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/BiodiversityEvolution des espècescomputer.software_genre010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesLatitudeAsteroideaData analysis & Modellinglcsh:ZoologyAnimalia14. Life underwaterlcsh:QL1-991Southern OceanEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsInvertebrata[ SDV.BID ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity[ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologySub-AntarcticDatabaseEcologie010604 marine biology & hydrobiologySampling (statistics)Sub antarcticGeographyBiogeographyAntarctic Asteroidea Presence-only data Southern Ocean Sub-AntarcticGeoreferenceAnimal Science and ZoologyAntarctic[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecologypresence-only dataPolarcomputerData PaperEchinodermataZooKeys
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Late Cretaceous-Early Eocene origin of yams (Dioscorea, Dioscoreaceae) in the Laurasian Palaearctic and their subsequent Oligocene-Miocene diversific…

2015

Aim: Dioscorea (Dioscoreaceae) is a predominantly pantropical genus (< 600 species) that includes the third most important tropical tuber crop and species of pharmacological value. Fossil records from both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres were used to test hypotheses about the origin of the genus Dioscorea, and to examine potential macroevolutionary processes that led to its current distribution. Location: Pantropical distribution. Methods: Divergence times were estimated using the most comprehensive phylogeny of the group published to date based on plastid sequences and fossil calibrations, applying a relaxed-clock model approach. Ancestral areas and range shifts were reconstructed us…

0106 biological sciencesRange (biology)Thulean – Beringian land bridgesBiogeographyDispersal-extinction-cladogenesis modelPantropicalBiologySoutheast asianN-S American Long-Distance Dispersal010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesPalaearctic – Nearctic colonizationPaleontologyLaurasian originEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsEcologyEcologyLand bridgePantropical distributionFossil constrainsWestern Palaearcticbiology.organism_classificationYamsPhylogenetic datingBiogeographyBiological dispersalDioscorea010606 plant biology & botany
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Grass leaves as potential hominin dietary resources

2018

Discussions about early hominin diets have generally excluded grass leaves as a staple food resource, despite their ubiquity in most early hominin habitats. In particular, stable carbon isotope studies have shown a prevalent C4 component in the diets of most taxa, and grass leaves are the single most abundant C4 resource in African savannas. Grass leaves are typically portrayed as having little nutritional value (e.g., low in protein and high in fiber) for hominins lacking specialized digestive systems. It has also been argued that they present mechanical challenges (i.e., high toughness) for hominins with bunodont dentition. Here, we compare the nutritional and mechanical properties of gra…

0106 biological sciencesResource (biology)BiologyPoaceae010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesSouth Africaotorhinolaryngologic diseasesAnimals0601 history and archaeologyEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics2. Zero hunger060101 anthropologyEcologyfood and beveragesHominidae06 humanities and the arts15. Life on landBiological EvolutionGrasslandKenyaBiomechanical PhenomenaDietPlant LeavesNutrition AssessmentTaxonHabitatAnthropologyDietary fiber
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Rediscovery of Riella alatospora (Riellaceae, Sphaerocarpales), an aquatic, South African endemic liverwort previously known from a now largely trans…

2012

7 páginas, 4 figuras.

0106 biological sciencesSalt pangeographyAquatic liverwortsgeography.geographical_feature_categorybiologyEcologyRiellaBryophytesSpore morphologyPlant Science15. Life on landbiology.organism_classification010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesSouth AfricaType (biology)GenusCapeSphaerocarpalesType localitySouthern HemisphereSouthern Hemisphere010606 plant biology & botanySouth African Journal of Botany
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Experience and overall satisfaction of foreign patients with the health care services received in Latvia

2020

The study evaluates foreign patients' experience and satisfaction in relation to the health care received in Latvia. By applying the gap model of service evaluation, the study reveals the difference between expected and received service outcome in Latvia, and draws conclusions about the importance of individual and patient experience factors related to the overall patient satisfaction. The study concludes that in all groups of factors matrix proposed in the study: (1) general travel or destination factors; (2) communication factors; (3) factors related to the choice of service and (4) factors related to the choice of health care institution, patients evaluated the perceived health care outc…

0106 biological sciencesService (business)medicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryHealth care service01 natural sciencesOutcome (game theory)Perceived healthlcsh:Social Scienceslcsh:H03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePatient satisfactionFamily medicineHealth carePatient experiencemedicine030212 general & internal medicinebusinessPsychology010606 plant biology & botanySHS Web of Conferences
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Seasonal variability of diet and trophic level of the gelatinous predator Pelagia noctiluca (Scyphozoa)

2018

13 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, supplementary information https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30474-x

0106 biological sciencesSettore BIO/07 - EcologiaJellyfishFood ChainScyphozoaZoologylcsh:Medicine010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesArticleZooplanktonPredationbiology.animalMediterranean SeaAnimals14. Life underwaterBites and StingsGonadslcsh:SciencePredatorTrophic levelCarbon IsotopesDetritusMultidisciplinarybiologyNitrogen Isotopes010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyFatty Acidslcsh:RScyphozoa15. Life on landPlanktonbiology.organism_classificationPelagia noctilucajellyfish stomach content stable isotope fatty acid food habit outbreak-forming speciesGastrointestinal Contents13. Climate actionPredatory Behaviorlcsh:QSeasonsBiomarkersScientific Reports
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Landscape-scale simulation experiments test Romanian and Swiss management guidelines for mountain pasture-woodland habitat diversity

2016

Distinct guidelines have been proposed in Romania and Switzerland for the management of pasture woodlands that either focused on the regulation of grazing pressure (Romanian production perspective) or overall tree cover (Swiss conservation perspective). However, the landscape structural diversity and the cover of forest-grassland ecotones, which are both crucial for nature conservation value, were not explicitly considered. We aimed to compare the country-specific management guidelines regarding their efficiency for the conservation of the structurally diverse forest-grassland mosaics in the light of recent land-use and climate change. In strategic simulation experiments using the process-b…

0106 biological sciencesSouthern CarpathiansClimate change adapted managementClimate changeWoodland010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesForest-grassland ecotoneGrazing pressureJura MountainsForest-grassland mosaicGrazingComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS2. Zero hungerTree canopy[ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyAgroforestryEcological ModelingGlobal warming15. Life on landLow-intensity grazing010601 ecologyGeographyHabitat13. Climate actionConservation status[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
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Survey of the distribution of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Lazio region (Central Italy): a threat for the northward expansion of Tomato…

2018

Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is responsible for severe damage to horticultural and ornamental crops worldwide, mainly for its role as virus vector. In Italy, the B. tabaci Mediterranean (MED) and Middle East–Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) cryptic species are widespread in the Southern regions as well as in Sicily and Sardinia. During the last two decades, MED populations progressively increased, in those areas where intensive farming is applied. The recent introduction of the begomovirus Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) prompted extensive surveys of both vector and symptomatic plants. In 2016 and 2017, monitoring activities were carried out in Lazio region (Central Italy) where b…

0106 biological sciencesSpecies complexVeterinary medicinebiologyBegomovirusSettore AGR/12 - Patologia VegetaleOutbreakPlant ScienceWhiteflybiology.organism_classificationWhitefly01 natural sciencesWhitefly MEAM1 species MED species Cucurbitaceae SolanaceaeCucurbitaceae010602 entomologyInsect SciencePlant virusVector (epidemiology)MED speciesMEAM1 speciesLeaf curlGeminiviridaeSolanaceae010606 plant biology & botanyPhytoparasitica
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Low contribution of Caribbean-based researchers to academic publications on biodiversity conservation in the insular Caribbean.

2021

11 pages; International audience; The insular Caribbean is among the most threatened global biodiversity hotspots, warranting urgent and effective action in conservation. However, the capacity of Caribbean-based researchers to address challenges in biodiversity conservation appears limited. To assess the latter, we used the contribution of Caribbean-based authors to the production of peer-reviewed journal papers on biodiversity conservation in the insular Caribbean as a proxy for research capacity. Moreover, because the insular Caribbean is a complex geopolitical system including sovereign states and overseas territories, we examined the contributions of these two groups to the number of pa…

0106 biological sciencesStatus quomedia_common.quotation_subjectWest IndiesBiodiversityConservationManagement Monitoring Policy and LawGeopolitics010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesProxy (climate)AntillesRegional scienceResearch capacityNature and Landscape Conservationmedia_commonSovereign stateCaribbeanEcology010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyGlobal SouthBiodiversity15. Life on landAuthorshipCall to actionGeographyThreatened species[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyGlobal biodiversity
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