Search results for "oxidative stress."
showing 10 items of 1575 documents
Telomere Length and Frailty: The Helsinki Birth Cohort Study
2018
Objectives: Telomere length is associated with aging-related pathologies. Although the association between telomere length and frailty has been studied previously, only a few studies assessing longitudinal changes in telomere length and frailty exist. Design: Longitudinal cohort study. Setting and participants: A subpopulation of the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study consisting of 1078 older adults aged 67 to 79 years born in Helsinki, Finland, between 1934 and 1944. Measures: Relative leukocyte telomere length (LTL) was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction at the average ages of 61 and 71 years, and at the latter the participants were assessed for frailty according to …
A Stress-Resistant Lipidomic Signature Confers Extreme Longevity to Humans.
2015
Plasma lipidomic profile is species specific and an optimized feature associated with animal longevity. In the present work, the use of mass spectrometry technologies allowed us to determine the plasma lipidomic profile and the fatty acid pattern of healthy humans with exceptional longevity. Here, we show that it is possible to define a lipidomic signature only using 20 lipid species to discriminate adult, aged and centenarian subjects obtaining an almost perfect accuracy (90%-100%). Furthermore, we propose specific lipid species belonging to ceramides, widely involved in cell-stress response, as biomarkers of extreme human longevity. In addition, we also show that extreme longevity present…
Venlafaxine prevents morphine antinociceptive tolerance: The role of neuroinflammation and the l-arginine-nitric oxide pathway.
2017
Abstract Opioid-induced neuroinflammation and the nitric oxide (NO) signal-transduction pathway are involved in the development of opioid analgesic tolerance. The antidepressant venlafaxine (VLF) modulates NO in nervous tissues, and so we investigated its effect on induced tolerance to morphine, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress in mice. Tolerance to the analgesic effects of morphine were induced by injecting mice with morphine (50 mg/kg) once a day for three consecutive days; the effect of co-administration of VLF (5 or 40 mg/kg) with morphine was similarly tested in a separate group. To determine if the NO precursor l -arginine hydrochloride ( l -arg) or NO are involved in the effec…
Plasma heme oxygenase-1 is decreased in peripheral artery disease patients.
2016
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common manifestation of atherosclerosis. A number of emerging risk factors, including oxidative stress biomarkers, free radicals and heat shock proteins, may add to the established risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present study assessed surrogate markers of oxidative stress, including total reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), isoprostanes, heme oxygenase‑1 (HO‑1) and metabolic biomarkers, such as adiponectin and lactate, in PAD patients (n=27). Healthy age‑matched volunteers (n=27) served as controls. GSH and LOOH were evaluated by measuring total thiol groups and iron oxidation, respectively, by spectrophotometric a…
Bioenergetic shift and actin cytoskeleton remodelling as acute vascular adaptive mechanisms to angiotensin II in murine retina and ophthalmic artery
2020
Ocular vascular dysfunction is a major contributing factor to the pathogenesis of glaucoma. In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in the role of angiotensin II (Ang II) in mediating the disease progression. Despite its (patho)physiological importance, the molecular mechanisms underlying Ang II-mediated oxidative stress remain largely unexplored in the ocular vasculature. Here, we provide the first direct evidence of the alterations of proteome and signalling pathways underlying Ang II-elicited oxidative insult independent of arterial pressure changes in the ophthalmic artery (OA) and retina (R) employing an in vitro experimental model. Both R and OA were isolated from male C57B…
Oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress is impaired in leukocytes from metabolically unhealthy vs healthy obese individuals.
2017
BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress and inflammation are related to obesity, but the influence of metabolic disturbances on these parameters and their relationship with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is unknown. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate whether metabolic profile influences ER and oxidative stress in an obese population with/without comorbidities. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 113 obese patients were enrolled in the study; 29 were metabolically healthy (MHO), 53 were metabolically abnormal (MAO) and 31 had type 2 diabetes (MADO). We assessed metabolic parameters, proinflammatory cytokines (TNF alpha and IL-6), mitochondrial and total reactive oxygen species (ROS) produc…
Multicomponent Training Prevents Memory Deficit Related to Amyloid-β Protein-Induced Neurotoxicity.
2021
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of the amyloid-β peptide in the brain, leading to early oxidative stress and neurotoxicity. It has been suggested that physical exercise could be beneficial in preventing AD, but studies with multicomponent training are scanty. Objective: Verify the effects of multicomponent exercise training to prevent deficits in recognition memory related to Aβ neurotoxicity. Methods: We subjected Wistar rats to multicomponent training (including aerobic and anaerobic physical exercise and cognitive exercise) and then infused amyloid-β peptide into their hippocampus. Results: We show that long-term multicomponent training prevents …
Knockdown of Drosophila hemoglobin suggests a role in O2 homeostasis.
2016
Almost all insects are equipped with a tracheal system, which appears to be sufficient for O2 supply even in phases of high metabolic activity. Therefore, with the exception of a few species dwelling in hypoxic habitats, specialized respiratory proteins had been considered unnecessary in insects. The recent discovery and apparently universal presence of intracellular hemoglobins in insects has remained functionally unexplained. The fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster harbors three different globin genes (referred to as glob1-3). Glob1 is the most highly expressed globin and essentially occurs in the tracheal system and the fat body. To better understand the functions of insect globins, the lev…
Melatonin enhances neural stem cell differentiation and engraftment by increasing mitochondrial function
2017
Mendivil-Perez, Miguel et al.
Autoantibodies Profile in Matching CSF and Serum from AD and aMCI patients: Potential Pathogenic Role and Link to Oxidative Damage.
2015
Abstract Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia among the elderly and is characterized by progressive loss of memory and cognition. Amyloid-s-peptide (As) forms senile plaques, which, together with hyperphosphorylated tau-based neurofibrillary tangles, are the hallmarks of AD neuropathology. Evidence support the involvement of immune system in AD progression and current concepts regarding its pathogenesis include the participation of inflammatory and autoimmune components in the neurodegenerative process. Pathologically, immune system components have been detected in the brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in serum of AD subjects and their trend of variation correlates …