Search results for "oxygen consumption"
showing 10 items of 347 documents
Effect of training status on the changes in platelet parameters induced by short–duration exhaustive exercise
2015
It is now well known that hemostasis is directly involved in the benefits induced by physical activity. It has recently been shown that the baseline mean platelet volume (MPV) may be a predictor of endurance performance. We aimed to explore whether platelet parameters are associated with VO2max as well as running duration and speed in a short-duration exhaustive exercise test. Thirty healthy male subjects (10 sedentary and 20 trained) performed an incremental running test until exhaustion. MPV, platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet (Plt) count, and plateletcrit (Pct) were determined before exercise, immediately after exercise and after 30′ recovery. Training status did not produce any…
Blood supply, oxygenation status and metabolic micromilieu of breast cancers: characterization and therapeutic relevance.
2000
The metabolic microenvironment of a tumor is predominantly determined by the efficacy of blood flow, flux parameters (such as diffusion and convective currents in the interstitial space) and metabolic rates. The most important factors in this context include oxygen and nutrient supply, tissue pH and the bioenergetic status. It is now widely accepted that the metabolic microenvironment of a tumor can dramatically influence a range of factors such as proliferation rate, cell cycle position, growth rate and the development of apoptosis and necrosis. At the same time, these parameters can have an impact on tumor detection, therapeutic response to conventional irradiation, some chemotherapy agen…
Neuromuscular function and mechanical efficiency of human leg extensor muscles during jumping exercises
1982
The influence of prestretch amplitude on the mechanical efficiency was examined with 5 subjects, who performed 5 different series of vertical jumps, each of which differed with respect to the mechanics of the knee joint action during the prestretch (eccentric) phase of the contact on the floor. Electromyographic activity was recorded from the major extensor muscles during the entire work period of 1 min per series. In addition, expired air was collected during the test and recovery for determination of energy expenditure. Mechanical work was calculated from the vertical displacement of the body during the jumps. The results indicated that high net efficiency of 38.7% was observed in conditi…
The effects of indoor cycling training in sedentary overweight women
2010
Abstract AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the body composition and physiological effects in young sedentary overweight women after an indoor cycle training period. METHODS: Fourteen subjects (22.6+/-2.1 yrs; 25-29.9 BMI) were trained for 12 weeks in a specific indoor cycling protocol (ICP) consisting of three sessions/week carried out in a fitness room. Body composition and physiological parameters were taken before the beginning of the study and after 12, 24 and 36 sessions. RESULTS: We observed a reduction of 2.6% and 3.2% in body weight and of 4.3% and 5% in fat mass after 24 and 36 sessions respectively (P<0.05). Lean mass increased by 2.3% and 2.6% respectively after 24 and 3…
Consequence of omitting or adding a meal in man on body composition, food intake, and metabolism.
2006
Objective: To investigate in man the consequence on body composition and related biological and metabolic parameters of omitting or adding a meal. Research Methods and Procedures: Twenty-four young normal-weight male subjects were recruited, 12 usual four-meal and 12 usual three-meal eaters, differing only in the consumption of an afternoon meal. They omitted or added a fourth meal during a 28-day habituation period and were asked to report their intake on three 3-day occasions. Before and after this habituation period, subjects participated in a session with a time-blinded procedure, and blood was collected continuously from lunch to the spontaneously requested dinner. Body composition, re…
Combined aerobic and resistance training decreases inflammation markers in healthy men
2017
Our primary aim was to study the effects of 24 weeks of combined aerobic and resistance training performed on the same day or on different days on inflammation markers. Physically active, healthy young men were randomly divided into three groups that performed: aerobic and resistance training consecutively in the same training session (SS) 2-3 days wk-1 or on alternating days (AD) 4-6 days wk-1 as well as control (C). The total training volume was matched in the training groups. The control group was asked to maintain their habitual physical activity and exercise level. Maximal leg press strength (1RM) and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak ) were measured. Abdominal fat mass was estimated with du…
Testing Individual Risk of Acute Mountain Sickness at Greater Altitudes
2009
The assessment of an individual's degree of acclimatization to altitude is difficult. This is particularly applicable to military operations that have to be performed at altitude. This study describes a new and simple test that allows for the determination of an individual's risk for high-altitude illness at higher altitudes. The prediction is based on the lowest oxygen saturation (SaO2) found during an uphill run at high altitude (11,060 ft [3,371 m]), combined with the time needed to complete the run. The test results were compared against the severity of high-altitude symptomatology on the summit of Mont Blanc (15,762 ft [4,808 m]). The main outcome was the significant correlation betwee…
Direct measurement of cell-free DNA from serially collected capillary plasma during incremental exercise
2014
To investigate the kinetics of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) due to exercise, we established a direct real-time PCR for the quantification of cfDNA from unpurified capillary plasma by amplification of a 90- and a 222-bp multilocus L1PA2 sequence. Twenty-six male athletes performed an incremental treadmill test. For cfDNA measurement, capillary samples were collected serially from the fingertip preexercise, during, and several times postexercise. Venous blood was drawn before and immediately after exercise to compare capillary and venous cfDNA values. To elucidate the strongest association of cfDNA accumulations with either cardiorespiratory or metabolic function during exercise, capillary cfDNA val…
Energy expenditure during an ultraendurance alpine climbing race.
2009
Accurate reports of energy expenditure (EE) during prolonged mountaineering activity are sparse. The purpose of this study was to estimate EE during a winter ultraendurance climbing race and individual mountaineering activities in Mont Blanc, France.Seven days before the race, resting metabolic rate (RMR) and maximal oxygen consumption (Vo2(max)) were measured in 10 experienced male climbers (30.0 +/- 0.9 years). Three days before (reference period) and during the race, heart rate (HR) was recorded for estimation of total daily EE (TDEE), and the type and duration of all activities were collected through questionnaires. Total DEE was calculated by adding DEE during sleep (DEE sleep), sedent…
Cardiac output in single-lead VDD pacing versus rate-matched VVIR pacing.
1995
The importance of atrioventricular synchronous pacing compared with single-chamber rate-responsive pacing is still under discussion, especially for low-intensity workload representing daily life activities. We evaluated hemodynamics in single-lead VDD pacing versus VVIR pacing in 11 patients (8 men and 3 women, aged 58.6 +/- 13.8 years) with normal left ventricular function and a previously implanted single-lead VDDR pacemaker. A low-intensity steady-state treadmill test at 1 to 2.5 mph with a gradient of 2% to 4% was performed. Cardiac output was determined using a standard carbon dioxide rebreathing technique. Initially, the VDD mode was programmed, and after 5 minutes of exercise, cardia…