Search results for "pää"

Multicriteria evaluation of carbon-neutral heat-only production technologies for district heating

2018

Climate change mitigation requires reducing dependence on fossil fuels and transition to low carbon energy production technologies. Nearly half of the global final energy consumption is thermal energy produced from technologies with high carbon dioxide emission. As such, it is imperative to employ carbon-neutral heat production to achieve a sustainable energy system. This paper presents a real-life case of applying multicriteria decision analysis for evaluating carbon-neutral heat-only production technologies in a major district heating system in Finland. A group of 10 experts from the energy company contributed in defining the alternative technologies and multiple economic, technological, …

Multicriteria evaluation of sustainable energy solutions for Colosseum

2017

Abstract Colosseum is a large office building in the capital region of Finland. The building owner operates on the highly competitive office rental market. With increasing emphasis on environmental responsibility, energy efficiency and sustainable energy solutions can provide competitive edge on the rental market. This study evaluates in terms of multiple criteria different alternatives to enhance the energy solutions of the building. The alternatives included different configurations of solar power, ground source heat, and roof constructions, along with district heating. Decision criteria included internal rate of return, energy efficiency, CO2 emissions, and attractiveness. Attractiveness…

The value of perfect and imperfect information in lake monitoring and management.

2020

Highlights • Knowledge on the value of monitoring can assist decision-making in lake management. • We calculate value of perfect information theoretically. • We estimate value of imperfect information with Monte Carlo type of approach. • Generally, monitoring is profitable to invest in if VOI exceeds the cost. • Additional monitoring is profitable even if the lake is in good condition a priori. Uncertainty in the information obtained through monitoring complicates decision making about aquatic ecosystems management actions. We suggest the value of information (VOI) to assess the profitability of paying for additional monitoring information, when taking into account the costs and benefits of…

Governing the Pandemic in Finland and Estonia

2020

In this article, we analyze the management and political implications of COVID-19 in two small countries located at the EU’s north-eastern border: Finland and Estonia. Culturally, ethnically, and linguistically, they share a common Finno-Ugrian identity. Politically, both are parliamentary republics run by coalition governments. They were among the first countries in Europe to reopen borders for travel in June 2020 after almost three months of lockdown. Both exhibited the lowest curves of viral spread in relation to the population among countries in the wider area. As they faced the pandemic, we saw that the exceptional measures they swiftly took did not diminish the democratic legitimacy o…

Ethics of Artificial Intelligence : Research Challenges and Potential Solutions

2020

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a rapidly emerging paradigm with many applications in healthcare, industries, and smart cities. However, this rise of global interest in AI has fueled a renewed interest from the public sector and global policymakers. As AI networks (e.g., chatbots, automation systems, and helping agents) are paving their way as interactive household items, a critically important research issue is understanding the ethical impact of these autonomous agents. What is the explanation of the AI decision-making process? What are the legal, societal, and moral consequences of these decisions and actions? Should these AI systems be allowed to make decisions for human beings and to w…

The new European Parliament : the Common Agricultural Policy under codecision after the Treaty of Lisbon

2018

In this thesis, a long analysis has been undertaken that has dealt with a multitude of issues pertaining to the EU, European integration theories, codecision, the Lisbon treaty, the Common Agricultural Policy, transports policy, and environmental policy. One of the most important aspects this thesis has intended to develop is the examination of the changes in the CAP after its inclusion in the codecision system with the Lisbon Treaty after 2009 and until 2014 (seventh legislature of the EP). Interpreting these changes involves the history of the parliamentarization of the EU, mostly since the Maastricht treaty but also since the Treaty of Rome of 1957, as well as the analysis of the EP’s de…

F.E. Sillanpään lapsikäsitys - aikansa ja tulevaisuuden kuva

2014

Amidst Uncertainty–or Not? : Decision-Making in Early-Stage Software Startups

2019

It is commonly claimed that the initial stages of any startup business are dominated by continuous, extended uncertainty, in an environment that has even been described as chaotic. Consequently, decisions are made in uncertain circumstances, so making the right decision is crucial to successful business. However, little currently exists in the way of empirical studies into this supposed uncertainty. In this paper, we study decision-making in early-stage software startups by means of a single, in-depth case study. Based on our data, we argue that software startups do not work in a chaotic environment, nor are they characterized by unique uncertainty unlike that experienced by other firms. pe…

The entrepreneurial logic of startup software development : A study of 40 software startups

2021

Context: Software startups are an essential source of innovation and software-intensive products. The need to understand product development in startups and to provide relevant support are highlighted in software research. While state-of-the-art literature reveals how startups develop their software, the reasons why they adopt these activities are underexplored. Objective: This study investigates the tactics behind software engineering (SE) activities by analyzing key engineering events during startup journeys. We explore how entrepreneurial mindsets may be associated with SE knowledge areas and with each startup case. Method: Our theoretical foundation is based on causation and effectuatio…

Factors and actors leading to the adoption of a JavaScript framework

2018

The increasing popularity of JavaScript has led to a variety of JavaScript frameworks that aim to help developers to address programming tasks. However, the number of JavaScript frameworks has risen rapidly to thousands of versions. It is challenging for practitioners to identify the frameworks that best fit their needs and to develop new ones which fit such needs. Furthermore, there is a lack of knowledge regarding what drives developers towards the choice. This paper explores the factors and actors that lead to the choice of a JavaScript framework. We conducted a qualitative interpretive study of semi-structured interviews. We interviewed 18 decision makers regarding the JavaScript framew…