Search results for "paradigm"

showing 10 items of 347 documents

Cue combination in a combined feature contrast detection and figure identification task

2006

AbstractTarget figures defined by feature contrast in spatial frequency, orientation or both cues had to be detected in Gabor random fields and their shape had to be identified in a dual task paradigm. Performance improved with increasing feature contrast and was strongly correlated among both tasks. Subjects performed significantly better with combined cues than with single cues. The improvement due to cue summation was stronger than predicted by the assumption of independent feature specific mechanisms, and increased with the performance level achieved with single cues until it was limited by ceiling effects. Further, cue summation was also strongly correlated among tasks: when there was …

Dual-task paradigmAdultMalePsychometricsmedia_common.quotation_subjectContrast SensitivityDiscrimination PsychologicalFigure-ground segregationPsychophysicsComputer GraphicsPsychophysicsContrast (vision)Humansmedia_commonCommunicationFeature contrastbusiness.industryOrientation (computer vision)Figure–groundPattern recognitionCue combinationSensory SystemsOphthalmologyPattern Recognition VisualFeature (computer vision)Pattern recognition (psychology)FemaleArtificial intelligenceSpatial frequencyCuesPsychologybusinessVision Research
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On the classification of dynamical data streams using novel “Anti-Bayesian” techniques

2018

Abstract The classification of dynamical data streams is among the most complex problems encountered in classification. This is, firstly, because the distribution of the data streams is non-stationary, and it changes without any prior “warning”. Secondly, the manner in which it changes is also unknown. Thirdly, and more interestingly, the model operates with the assumption that the correct classes of previously-classified patterns become available at a juncture after their appearance. This paper pioneers the use of unreported novel schemes that can classify such dynamical data streams by invoking the recently-introduced “Anti-Bayesian” (AB) techniques. Contrary to the Bayesian paradigm, tha…

Dynamical systems theoryData stream miningComputer scienceBayesian probabilityEstimator02 engineering and technologycomputer.software_genreSynthetic dataArtificial IntelligenceRobustness (computer science)020204 information systemsSignal ProcessingOutlier0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionData miningBayesian paradigmAlgorithmcomputerSoftwareQuantilePattern Recognition
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Language Mediation and Aspects of Accommodation in the Use of ELF

2014

There are numerous varieties of English spoken in Italy today, each repre-sented by one or more of the various migrant communities living in the country. These manifestations of World englishes reflect a wide range of lexical, syntactical, phonetic, pragmatic, interpersonal and cultural features. This paper argues that an interpreter or language mediator trained in standard English may not necessarily be able to comprehend or make him/herself understood adequately in other varieties of English. Thus, the recruitment of mediators/interpreters requires a certain amount of caution in terms of language choice. In order to investigate intelligibility, comprehensibility and accommodation in the c…

ELF Accommodation; Mediation; Schemata; NativizationSchemataDIALOGUE INTERPRETINGMediationLANGUAGE MEDIATIONSettore L-LIN/12 - Lingua e Traduzione - Lingua IngleseAccommodation elf cultural schemata lingua francaDISCOURSE ANALYSISACCOMMODATIONELF AccommodationPARADIGM SHIFTSIMMIGRATIONdetention centresNativizationINTERPRETER ROLE
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El sector no lucrativo en el marco de la nueva era tecnológica: el desafío del Crowdfunding social en España. Análisis del caso de la asociación Alba…

2017

Los albores del siglo XXI se presentan a las economías y las sociedades en el marco de un desafiante doble cambio de paradigma. Uno, alentado por el neoliberalismo gobernante en gran parte del mundo avanzado, que ha provocado que la propia sociedad admita la arresponsabilidad de las estructuras gobernantes en la prestación de los servicios que componen el Estado del bienestar. Otro, tecnológico, que ha cambiado el modo en que la sociedad se informa, se comunica y se relaciona. Frente a estas dos realidades la sociedad civil ha tomado conciencia de su papel transformador e impulsor de cambios, así como de las crecientes necesidades de atención social que han surgido en este principio de sigl…

Economics and EconometricsCivil societybusiness.industryNeoliberalism (international relations)05 social sciencesContext (language use)Welfare stateOrganizaciones No GubernamentalesPublic administrationPublic relationsBancos y cajas0506 political scienceCooperativasPolitical scienceParadigm shift0502 economics and business050602 political science & public administrationRelevance (law)The Internetbusiness050203 business & managementSocial Sciences (miscellaneous)Public finance
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Does social capital matter for European regional growth?

2015

Abstract This paper analyzes the role of different elements of social capital in economic growth for a sample of 85 European regions during the period 1995–2008. Despite the remarkable progress that social capital and European regional economic growth literatures have experienced over the last two decades, initiatives combining the two are few, and entirely yet to come for the post-1990s period. Recent improvements in data availability allow this gap in the literature to be closed, since they enable the researcher to consider the traditionally disregarded Eastern and Central European (ECE) regions. This is particularly interesting, as they are all transition economies that recently joined t…

Economics and EconometricsEuropean regionsBayesian inferenceSample (statistics)Social mobilitySocial reproductionEconomySocial capitalEconomicsmedia_common.cataloged_instanceEconomic geographyEuropean unionBayesian paradigmFinancePeriod (music)Social trustEconomic growthSocial capitalmedia_common
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Electric mobility in the Sicilian short food supply chain

2019

This paper is the first study to explore the intention of entrepreneurs operating in the Short Food Supply Chain to adopt electric mobility inside their business. For this purpose, a case study approach was chosen, employing a questionnaire based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour and the New Ecological Paradigm to investigate the determinants affecting this intentional behaviour. The empirical analysis has been carried out in the city of Palermo (Italy), involving 42 entrepreneurs who participate in farmer's markets. Results show that entrepreneurs with higher levels of intention to introduce sustainable means of transport, such as electric vehicles, are the most concerned about the enviro…

Economics and Econometricstheory of planned behaviour05 social sciencesGeography Planning and Developmentelectric vehicle0211 other engineering and technologies0507 social and economic geography021107 urban & regional planning02 engineering and technologyDevelopmentAgricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)Settore AGR/01 - Economia Ed Estimo Ruralelocal food supply chainnew ecological paradigmfarmer's market050703 geographyStudies in Agricultural Economics
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La finance comportementale ou l'émergence d'un nouveau paradigme dominant ?

2005

National audience; Peut-on faire confiance aux cours de Bourse pour prendre des décisions ? De fait c'est la véritable question qui intéresse les gestionnaires et qui justifie que la Revue française de gestion consacre un dossier spécial à la finance comportementale, courant qui a commencé à émerger il y a environ trente ans et qui tend aujourd'hui à se substituer au paradigme dominant dit de l'efficience des marchés. Le paradigme comportemental a reçu une reconnaissance officielle avec l'attribution en 2002, du prix Nobel d'économie, conjointement à Daniel Kahneman et à Vernon Smith.

Economics and Econometricsémergence d'un nouveau paradigme dominantLa finance comportementaleStrategy and Management[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administrationfinance comportementaleBusiness and International ManagementComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Educación Especial: de la integración escolar a la escuela inclusiva

1998

[-] Se describen los cambios acaecidos en la educación especial desde 1970 a 1998 en cuanto a las prácticas y concepciones teóricas. Desde el punto de vista científico, la educación especial -dominada hasta ahora por el paradigma de investigación funcionalista, caracterizado por una investigación objetiva y por una visión de la sociedad de regulación o consenso, y por el predominio de una visión médico-psicológica- incorpora paradigmas de carácter interpretativo y crítico, con una visión de la sociedad desde el cambio radical. Desde la práctica, la escuela inclusiva plantea cambios organizativos (organización adhocrática) y pedagógicos (modelos instructivos basados en el constructivismo). L…

Educación especialdiseño currícularOrganización EscolarParadigmas de investigaciónNecesidades educativas especialesEducación inclusivaLegislación educativa
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THE ENTREPRENEURS’ PROPENSITY TO ADOPT ELECTRIC MOBILITY IN THE SHORT FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN

2019

In the last years, Short Food Supply Chain (SFSC) has gained relevant attention among the consumers, for its characteristics of environmental, economic and social sustainability. At the same time, recently some doubts has been raised about the environmental negative impacts that also SFSC is causing, despite the intrinsic “local” label. In particular, the reference is on the transport system and related CO2 emissions of SFSC that undermines the full achievement of environmental concerns. To deal with this challenge, electric vehicles (EVs) are seen as a viable and very promising alternative. Starting from these considerations, this study investigates the propensity of entrepreneurs operatin…

Electric VehicleNew Ecological ParadigmLocal Food Supply ChainSettore AGR/01 - Economia Ed Estimo RuraleTheory of Planned BehaviourFarmer’s market
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The Contingent Negative Variation – An Electrophysiological Correlate of Temporal Processing or Reference Memory?

2014

Abstract In EEG research, the contingent negative variation (CNV) is considered to be strongly related to interval timing (e.g., Macar & Vidal, 2004 ; Macar, Vidal, & Casini, 1999). However, it is discussed controversially whether certain properties of the CNV (e.g., amplitude, peak latency and resolution) directly reflect the process of temporal accumulation or rather processes related to reference memory or decision stages in temporal information processing (van Rijn et al., 2011). This present study was designed in order to investigate the relationship between CNV mean amplitude, CNV resolution, and memory processes as well as processes of temporal accumulation. The task design aimed at …

Elementary cognitive taskmedicine.diagnostic_testProcess (engineering)CNV resolutionTemporal accumulationElectroencephalographyDevelopmental psychologyContingent negative variationElectrophysiologyInterval (music)MemoryReference memorymedicineCNV amplitudeGeneral Materials ScienceLatency (engineering)PsychologyCognitive psychologyDissociation paradigmProcedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences
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