Search results for "patent"

The Relationship between Patent and Second Tier Patent Protection: The Case of the Dutch Short-Term Patent System Abolition

2017

While the effect of changes in patent protection strength on innovative activity has been studied extensively, the role of second tier patent protection in national innovation systems has been a neglected research topic. Empirical evidence on the interaction between patent and second tier patent protection, especially in advanced economies, remains very scarce. This paper studies how the abolition of Dutch short-term patent system affected the level of domestic patent filing activity in the short and medium run. Synthetic control method is implemented to investigate the effect. The results indicate that the abolition of the short-term patent institution did not affect the level of domestic …

Alternatīvie nodokļu maksāšanas režīmi Latvijā

2021

2021. gada 1. janvārī stājās spēkā jauni grozījumi Mikrouzņēmuma nodokļa likumā, kas paredz būtisku nodokļa likmes celšanu, izmaiņas patentmaksājumos un citos nodokļos, kas ietekmēs uzņēmējdarbības vidi Latvijā un īpaši - mazos uzņēmumus. Maģistra darba mērķis ir izpētīt Latvijas Republikas nodokļu likumdošanā paredzētos alternatīvos nodokļu maksāšanas režīmus; to izmaiņas, kas stājas spēkā ar 01.01.2021., un izvērtēt nodokļu izmaiņu iespējamo ietekmi uz maziem uzņēmumiem, sniegt priekšlikumus Latvijas Republikas nodokļu sistēmas uzlabošanai. Pētījumā tika noskaidrots, ka pēc 2022. gada 1. janvāra izmaiņu stāšanās spēkā Latvijā uzņēmumiem vairs nebūs pieejams neviens alternatīvo nodokļu mak…

Measurement of W-pair production in $e^+ e^-$ collisions at 189 GeV

2000

The production of W-pairs is analysed in a data sample collected by ALEPH at a mean centre-of-mass energy of 188.6 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 174.2 pb^-1. Cross sections are given for different topologies of W decays into leptons or hadrons. Combining all final states and assuming Standard Model branching fractions, the total W-pair cross section is measured to be 15.71 +- 0.34 (stat) +- 0.18 (syst) pb. Using also the W-pair data samples collected by ALEPH at lower centre-of-mass energies, the decay branching fraction of the W boson into hadrons is measured to be BR (W > hadrons) = 66.97 +- 0.65 (stat) +- 0.32 (syst) %, allowing a determination of the CKM matrix el…

A Dynamic Model of Open Source Vs Proprietary R&D

2017

Abstract We propose a dynamic model in which firms compete to produce sequential and cumulative innovations, and in which the more firms do research in one sector the more likely it is that one of them innovates. Firms choose research effort and whether to patent innovations or to use an Open Source license like the General Public License. We show that ( i ) patents generate a larger stationary reward but foreclose research within a sector, and that ( ii ) Open Source generates a smaller stationary reward but allows everyone to use the technology, and therefore, by attracting firms to the sector, it induces a faster pace of innovation. We characterize all the equilibria of the model and sho…

SonoAVC: a new tool in early diagnosis of patent urachus with bladder prolapse

2012

Il paradigma proprietario e l'appropriazione dell'immateriale

2014

Uno studio sui paradigmi dell'appropriazione materiale e immateriale, con particolare attenzione per il diritto privato europeo e dalle prospettive dei limiti dei diritti e dell'evoluzione tecnologica. A study on the paradigms of the material and immaterial appropriation, with particular attention to the european private law and from the perspective of limitations to the rights and technological innovation.

The effects of sharing sustainable technology R&D on EU competition law

2022

This paper explores the significance of EU competition system in attaining envisioned sustainability targets by analysing the prospective symbiosis between European competition and patent law. Furthermore, this research evaluates both the plausible threats in the internal market stemming from lenient competition legislation as well as highlighting the apparent benefits of coordinating EU intellectual property and antitrust law to facilitate innovation. The goal of this research is to determine whether such polar opposites can indeed be merged into sustainable competition policy or will it end up fostering breeding ground for collusive behaviour in the common market.

Responsibility and intellectual property in synthetic biology: A proposal for using Responsible Research and Innovation as a basic framework for inte…

2015

Synthetic biology (SynBio) is an engineering view of biotechnology that has the potential to increase the number and industrial utility of biotechnological applications by implementing engineering principles such as standardization and modularity. The boundaries between SynBio, biotechnology, and metabolic engineering are not always clear, but assessing SynBio in a wider sense—that of modeling‐based biotechnology and/or “sophisticated” metabolic engineering—we find that a significant number of applications and research articles have been generated in the past few years [1]. One of the best‐known examples is that of a synthetic pathway for producing artemisinic acid, a precursor to the antim…

Le superfici di pietra artefatta. Conoscenza e diagnosi per la conservazione.

2009

La tesi di dottorato è incentrata sullo studio delle finiture architettoniche di pietra artificiale realizzate con metodi o ricette coperte da brevetto in Italia. La ricerca, dopo avere descritto le ricette e metodi per simulare le pietre naturali, propone una metodologia analitica diagnostica per la conservazione delle superfici architettoniche e mostra gli esiti delle sue applicazioni sperimentali. The PhD thesis is focused on the study of architectural finishes of artificial stone patented in Italy. The research, after presenting the recipes and methods to simulate natural stones, proposes an analytical diagnostic method for the conservation of architectural surfaces and shows the result…

Innovation for climate change adaptation and technical efficiency: an empirical analysis in the European agricultural sector

2020

This paper analyses the effect of innovation on firms' technical efficiency. Using climate-related patent data to proxy for innovation activity in different technological fields, the paper employs a stochastic frontier approach to estimate the impact of innovative efforts on agricultural firms' technical efficiency taking account of both unobservable heterogeneity and double heteroscedasticity in the inefficiency and idiosyncratic terms. Our findings confirm that innovation has a positive impact on firms' productivity (technical efficiency). While agricultural firms located in Germany and Sweden are more efficient compared to those in southern countries, all the European countries considere…