Search results for "patients"
showing 10 items of 962 documents
Enhanced terminal room disinfection and acquisition and infection caused by multidrug-resistant organisms and Clostridium difficile (the Benefits of …
2017
Summary Background Patients admitted to hospital can acquire multidrug-resistant organisms and Clostridium difficile from inadequately disinfected environmental surfaces. We determined the effect of three enhanced strategies for terminal room disinfection (disinfection of a room between occupying patients) on acquisition and infection due to meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus , vancomycin-resistant enterococci, C difficile , and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter . Methods We did a pragmatic, cluster-randomised, crossover trial at nine hospitals in the southeastern USA. Rooms from which a patient with infection or colonisation with a target organism was discharged were terminally dis…
Prevalence and Determinants of the Use of Lipid-Lowering Agents in a Population of Older Hospitalized Patients: the Findings from the REPOSI (REgistr…
2017
BACKGROUND: Older patients are prone to multimorbidity and polypharmacy, with an inherent risk of adverse events and drug interactions. To the best of our knowledge, available information on the appropriateness of lipid-lowering treatment is extremely limited. AIM: The aim of the present study was to quantify and characterize lipid-lowering drug use in a population of complex in-hospital older patients. METHODS: We analyzed data from 87 units of internal medicine or geriatric medicine in the REPOSI (Registro Politerapie della Società Italiana di Medicina Interna) study, with reference to the 2010 and 2012 patient cohorts. Lipid-lowering drug use was closely correlated with the clinical prof…
Feasibility and utility of a cognitive screening for risk stratification in hospitalized older patients
2017
OBJECTIVES To determine whether the Mini-Cog can be applied by nursing staff to hospitalized elderly patients for cognitive impairment associated risk stratification. METHODS This explorative prospective multicenter cohort study was carried out among 2522 patients aged 70 and older, hospitalized due to physical illness in eight hospitals in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. All patients were asked to conduct the Mini-Cog at the day of admission and were clustered into low-performance, intermediate-performance, and good-performance categories by trained nursing staff and two experienced geronto-psychiatrists as gold standard. Complications in the course of the treatment were monitored. RESULTS …
A 5-year retrospective longitudinal study on the incidence and the risk factors of osteonecrosis of the jaws in patients treated with zoledronic acid…
2017
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and the risk factors of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in a group of patients treated with zoledronic acid (ZA) for bone metastases from solid tumors and enrolled in a preventive dental program. Material and Methods This 5-year retrospective longitudinal study included all consecutive oncological patients who underwent at least one infusion with ZA between 2004 and 2011 for bone metastases due to solid neoplasms. Results Of the 156 patients enrolled in the study, 17 developed ONJ (10.89%). At the multivariate analysis, severe periodontal disease (P=0.025), tooth extraction (P<0.0001) and starting the preventive dental program af…
Clinical indicators of periodontal disease in patients with coronary heart disease : a 10 years longitudinal study
2011
Objectives: There is evidence about a possible relationship existing between periodontal diseases and coronary heart disease. The aim of the present longitudinal study was to investigate the changes in periodontal evolution after etiological periodontal treatment, comparing a healthy control group with another having coronary heart disease. Study Design: The study included initially 55 patients of which 44 finished it. They were placed into two groups: Healthy Control Group (HCG) n =9, and Coronary Heart Disease Group (CHDG) n=35. The gingival level (GL), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were measured to compare the periodo…
Patterns of infections in older patients acutely admitted to medical wards: data from the REPOSI register
2019
In older adults infections are among the leading causes of emergency department visits, hospitalization, morbidity and mortality [1–3]. Infections also occur as adverse events during hospitalization, as highlighted by the large use of antibiotics in this setting, resulting in an increase of hospitalization length and mortality rate [4–6]. There is a paucity of studies, especially in European countries, that did offer a general pattern on all the types of infections occurring in acutely hospitalized older patients, being the literature mainly focused on single type of infections (i.e. pneumonia and urinary tract infections). To fill this gap of knowledge, we chose to observe and describe the…
Motor intracortical inhibition in PD: L-DOPA modulation of high-frequency rTMS effects
2007
Dopaminergic drugs and deep brain stimulation restore cortical inhibition in Parkinson disease (PD) patients. High-frequency rTMS was also found to increase cortical inhibition in PD but its therapeutic effect is still controversial. Here we hypothesize that, if dopaminergic drugs reverse to normal cortical excitability in M1, the effect of high-frequency (hf)-rTMS in PD patients could depend on whether they are in a medicated or unmedicated state. The present study aims to explore the lasting effects of sub-threshold hf rTMS trains over M1 on cortical inhibition in patients with "on" and without "off" L-DOPA treatment. Fourteen PD patients were examined twice while "on" and "off" medicatio…
Morphological analysis of the skeletal development in lateral cephalometric radiographs of HIV infected children ongoing Highly Active Antiretroviral…
2018
Background To investigate the skeletal development of HIV infected children through a morphological analysis of the cervical vertebrae (CV) in lateral cephalometric radiographs. Material and Methods The sample consisted of 86 lateral cephalometric radiographs of male and female children aged between 6 and 14 years old. The radiographs were equally distributed in groups 1 (HIV infected children) and 2 (non-infected children, paired by sex and age). Two examiners analyzed the CV according to the method of Hassel and Farman (1995). Spearman correlation coefficient was used to associate age and skeletal development within groups, while Mann-Whitney test compared the skeletal development between…
Prevalence of apical periodontitis and frequency of root canal treatments in liver transplant candidates
2013
Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and endodontic treatment in liver transplant candidates and control healthy subjects. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Forty two liver transplant candidates (LTC) (study group) and 42 control subjects. Digital panoramic radiographs where used. Periapical status was scored according to the periapical index (PAI). Results were analysed statistically using the Chi-squared test and logistic regression. Results: Radiographic signs of AP in one or more teeth was found in 79% of patients in the study group and in 50% of control subjects (p = 0.008; OR = 3.7; C. I. 95% = 1.4 - 9.5…
Use of the universal pain assessment tool for evaluating pain associated with TMD in youngsters with an intellectual disability
2016
Background The Universal Pain Assessment Tool (UPAT) was used to assess the level of pain in people with limited communication skills. The UPAT enables clinicians to consult a specialized pain management team more often and lead to earlier interventions. The purpose of this study was to determine, whether the UPAT could be used as an extra tool to collect data on functional TMJ pain and to assess orofacial pain levels related to temporomandibular disorder(s) (TMD) in people with intellectual disabilities (ID). Material and Methods Non-down syndrome ID Athletes were screened during the Special Olympics European games in 2014. The clinical scores of possible functional jaw pain were collected…