Search results for "pelko"

Examining the relationship between public speaking anxiety, distress tolerance and psychological flexibility

2020

Public speaking is an important skill for university students to learn and practice as they progress through education and into their careers. However, individuals often avoid facing public speaking, as they lack the skills to cope with the anxiety that arises when speaking in front of others. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between public speaking anxiety, distress tolerance, and psychological flexibility. A sample of 95 college students completed psychological flexibility measures and self-ratings of public speaking anxiety before and after a public speaking challenge. A behavioral index of public speaking distress tolerance (i.e., speech duration) was also recorde…

Mikä 12-vuotiaan mieltä painaa? : tutkimus kuudesluokkalaisten huolenaiheista ja niiden käsittelytavoista

2003

Generalization gradients for fear and disgust in human associative learning

2021

AbstractPrevious research indicates that excessive fear is a critical feature in anxiety disorders; however, recent studies suggest that disgust may also contribute to the etiology and maintenance of some anxiety disorders. It remains unclear if differences exist between these two threat-related emotions in conditioning and generalization. Evaluating different patterns of fear and disgust learning would facilitate a deeper understanding of how anxiety disorders develop. In this study, 32 college students completed threat conditioning tasks, including conditioned stimuli paired with frightening or disgusting images. Fear and disgust were divided into two randomly ordered blocks to examine di…

Social exclusion influences conditioned fear acquisition and generalization: A mediating effect from the medial prefrontal cortex

2020

Abstract Fear acquisition and generalization play key roles in promoting the survival of mammals and contribute to anxiety disorders. While previous research has provided much evidence for the repercussions of social exclusion on mental health, how social exclusion affects fear acquisition and generalization has received scant attention. In our study, participants were divided into two groups according to two Cyberball paradigm conditions (exclusion/inclusion). Both groups underwent a Pavlovian conditioning paradigm, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and skin conductance response (SCR) assessments. We aimed to determine the effects of social exclusion on fear acquisition and ge…

Irrelevant task suppresses the N170 of automatic attention allocation to fearful faces

2021

AbstractRecent researches have provided evidence that stimulus-driven attentional bias for threats can be modulated by top-down goals. However, it is highlight essential to indicate whether and to what extent the top-down goals can affect the early stage of attention processing and its early neural mechanism. In this study, we collected electroencephalographic data from 28 healthy volunteers with a modified spatial cueing task. The results revealed that in the irrelevant task, there was no significant difference between the reaction time (RT) of the fearful and neutral faces. In the relevant task, we found that RT of fearful faces was faster than that of neutral faces in the valid cue condi…

Assimilation, reflexivity, and therapist responsiveness in group psychotherapy for social phobia: A case study.

2017

Objective: This case study examined reflexivity and the assimilation of problematic experiences, especially its progress within and between the Assimilation of Problematic Experiences Scale (APES) Stages 2–3, in group psychotherapy for social phobia. Method: The data consisted of all of one client's turns expressing the two voices of her main problematic experience in 12 sessions, and all replies by the therapist in direct connection to them. The client's utterances were rated on the APES. Results: A detailed analysis of 13 conversational passages revealed that progress in assimilation happened only when the client took a reflexive stance towards her inner experience or outer actions. There…

Mitä mieltä, professorit?

2006

25 vuoden ikään ehtinyt Aikuiskasvatus kysyi kaikilta aikuiskasvatuksen professoreiltamme heidän näkemyksiään neljässä asiassa. Kaikkiin ei tarvinnut vastata. Tällaista kysyttiin ja näin vastasivat Yrjö Engeström ja Reijo Miettinen Helsingin yliopistosta, Anneli Eteläpelto Jyväskylän yliopistosta, Jukka Tuomisto ja Juha Suoranta Tampereen yliopistosta, Risto Rinne Turun yliopistosta, Kari E. Nurmi Lapin yliopistosta sekä vt:nä virkaa hoitava Leena Ahteenmäki-Pelkonen Joensuun yliopistosta. Vastausjärjestys on arvottu.

"Sitä vaan hengitetään, joskus yksin ja joskus yhdessä" : tapaustutkimus sosiaalisen fobian tuomista haasteista terapeuttisen yhteistyösuhteen muodos…

2014

Tämän pro gradu -tutkielman tarkoituksena on selvittää sosiaalisen fobian vaikutusta terapeuttisen yhteistyösuhteen rakentumiseen yhden kokonaisen terapiaprosessin aikana. Lisäksi tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on kuvata asiakkaan ja terapeutin kokemia yhteistyösuhteeseen liittyviä haasteita sekä tarkastella niitä Bordinin (1979) yhteistyösuhteen teorian valossa. Aineistomme koostuu yhdestä Jyväskylän yliopiston opetus- ja tutkimusklinikalle sosiaalisen fobian vuoksi hakeutuneen asiakkaan koko 54 istuntoa kattavasta terapiaprosessista. Tutkielma on luonteeltaan laadullinen tapaustutkimus, jonka analyysimenetelmänä käytämme tapaustutkimusten ja pienten aineistojen tutkimiseen kehitettyä tulkitsev…

Measuring Public Speaking Anxiety: Self-report, behavioral, and physiological

2021

Self-reports are typically used to assess public speaking anxiety. In this study, we examined whether self-report, observer report, and behavioral and physiological reactivity were associated with each other during a speech challenge task. A total of 95 university students completed a self-report measure of public speaking anxiety before and after the speech challenge. Speech duration (i.e., behavioral measure), physiological reactivity, as well as speech performance evaluated by the participants and observers were also recorded. The results suggest that self-reported public speaking anxiety predicts speech duration, as well as speech quality, as rated by the participants themselves and ob…

An analysis of fear factors predicting enterprise social media use in an era of communication visibility

2022

PurposeThe benefits associated with visibility in organizations depend on employees' willingness to engage with technologies that utilize visible communication and make communication visible to others. Without the participation of workers, enterprise social media have limited value. This study develops a framework to assess what deters and drives employees' use of enterprise social media.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 753 employees of a global company using an online survey. The response rate was 24.5%. The authors used structural equation modeling to test the hypothesized framework.FindingsThe results show that various fears by workers may deter or motivate enterprise …