Search results for "perception."

showing 10 items of 3582 documents

Theory of Mind and Emotional Awareness Deficits in Patients With Somatoform Disorders

2010

To explore whether deficits are present in the mental representation of emotion signals and whether these are related to more general deficits in Theory of Mind (ToM) functioning test. To test this hypothesis in patients suffering from somatoform disorders, we used the Frith-Happé-Animations Task (AT)-an established ToM measure. We previously demonstrated that somatization in psychiatric patients is associated with decreased emotional awareness as measured by the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS). These findings suggest that individuals with decreased emotional awareness often fail to experience affective arousal as feelings and instead experience emotional distress somatically.We …

AdultMalePsychotherapistEmotionsMotion PerceptionTheory of MindModels PsychologicalNeuropsychological TestsAlexithymiaTheory of mindTask Performance and AnalysismedicineHumansIn patientAffective SymptomsSomatoform DisordersApplied PsychologyAwarenessmedicine.diseaseTest (assessment)Facial ExpressionHospitalizationPsychiatry and Mental healthSocial PerceptionMental representationEmotion awarenessFemaleCognition DisordersPsychologySomatizationStress PsychologicalPsychosomatic Medicine
researchProduct

Human dopamine receptor D2/D3 availability predicts amygdala reactivity to unpleasant stimuli

2009

r r Abstract: Dopamine (DA) modulates the response of the amygdala. However, the relation between dopa- minergic neurotransmission in striatal and extrastriatal brain regions and amygdala reactivity to affective stimuli has not yet been established. To address this issue, we measured DA D2/D3 receptor (DRD2/3) availability in twenty-eight healthy men (nicotine-dependent smokers and never-smokers) using positron emission tomography with ( 18 F)fallypride. In the same group of participants, amygdala response to unpleasant visual stimuli was determined using blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional mag- netic resonance imaging. The effects of DRD2/3 availability in emotion-related brain …

AdultMalePyrrolidinesEmotionsNeurotransmissionAmygdalaDopamine receptor D3DopamineDopamine receptor D2medicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingPrefrontal cortexResearch ArticlesBrain MappingRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyReceptors Dopamine D2SmokingReceptors Dopamine D3Tobacco Use DisorderAmygdalaMagnetic Resonance ImagingOxygenmedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyFallyprideCerebrovascular CirculationPositron-Emission TomographyBenzamidesVisual PerceptionAnxietyNeurology (clinical)Anatomymedicine.symptomPsychologyNeurosciencePhotic Stimulationmedicine.drug
researchProduct

The effects of a startle on awareness of action

2003

The execution of a ballistic movement within a reaction time task paradigm is significantly speeded up when an unexpected startling auditory stimulus (SAS) is delivered together with the imperative signal. Using Libet's clock, we investigated whether acceleration involves also the subjective appraisal of the time of task execution. In trials containing the SAS, reaction time shortened to 68.7% of control values. However, subjective judgment of task execution remained a similar time with respect to the imperative signal as in control trials. The dissociation between task execution and its subjective perception indicates the existence of separate circuits for action execution and action aware…

AdultMaleReflex StartleMovementSubjective perceptionmedia_common.quotation_subjectPoison controlStimulus (physiology)Efferent PathwaysPerceptionReaction TimemedicineHumansmedia_commonGeneral NeuroscienceMotor CortexMotor controlBallistic movementBody movementAwarenessmedicine.anatomical_structureAcoustic StimulationTime PerceptionAuditory PerceptionFemalePsychologyAction awarenessSocial psychologyPsychomotor PerformanceCognitive psychologyExperimental Brain Research
researchProduct

Presence and Emotions in Virtual Environments: The Influence of Stereoscopy

2008

ABSTRACT This study investigates how stereoscopy (the illusion of depth and 3D imaging) affects the sense of presence and the intensity of the positive mood that users feel in virtual environments (VEs). A between-group design was used, and 40 volunteers were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions (stereoscopy vs. no stereoscopy) and to one of two emotional VEs (relaxation or joy). The participants' emotions were assessed before and after the VR experience. Presence was measured with two postexperiment questionnaires (ITC-SOPI and SUS). Results show that there were no differences between stereoscopic and monoscopic presentations in VEs (neither subjective sense of presence …

AdultMaleRelaxationAdolescentmedia_common.quotation_subjectIllusionSense of presenceStereoscopylaw.inventionUser-Computer InterfacelawSurveys and QuestionnairesHumansApplied Psychologymedia_commonDepth PerceptionCommunicationRelaxation (psychology)Optical Illusionsbusiness.industryCommunicationGeneral MedicineHuman-Computer InteractionAffectMoodFemalebusinessPsychologyCognitive psychologyCyberPsychology & Behavior
researchProduct

Effects of Water Immersion Methods on Postexercise Recovery of Physical and Mental Performance.

2019

Ahokas, EK, Ihalainen, JK, Kyrolainen, H, and Mero, AA. Effects of water immersion methods on postexercise recovery of physical and mental performance. J Strength Cond Res 33(6): 1488-1495, 2019-The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of 3 water immersion interventions performed after active recovery compared with active recovery only on physical and mental performance measures and physiological responses. The subjects were physically active men (age 20-35 years, mean ± SD 26 ± 3.7 years). All subjects performed a short-term exercise protocol, including maximal jumps and sprinting. Four different recovery methods (10 minutes) were used in random order: cold water immersion (C…

AdultMaleRelaxationTime FactorsHydrocortisonePhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyAthletic PerformanceRunningRandom order03 medical and health sciencesRandom AllocationYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineCatecholaminesHeart RateSurveys and QuestionnairesHeart rateImmersionMedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineTestosteroneLactic AcidExercise physiologyCreatine KinaseExerciseHydrotherapybiologyRelaxation (psychology)business.industryWater030229 sport sciencesGeneral MedicineMyalgiaRecovery of FunctionRunning timeBicyclingCold TemperatureSprintWater immersionAnesthesiabiology.proteinExercise TestCreatine kinasePerceptionbusinessJournal of strength and conditioning research
researchProduct

Management of Cochlear Implant Electrode Migration.

2016

The present study reviewed a cochlear implant (CI) patient population after surgery, which received a free-fitting electrode carrier designed for hearing preservation. The aim was to determine the rate of electrode migration of the CI electrodes and present clinical and surgical implications.Retrospective patient review.Tertiary referral university hospital.Two hundred seventy-eight patients implanted uni- or bilaterally with lateral wall electrodes designed for hearing preservation (358 implants). The control group was 323 patients implanted uni- or bilaterally with preformed perimodiolar electrodes (468 implants).Determination of CI electrode migration was conducted according to a clinica…

AdultMaleReoperationmedicine.medical_specialtySpeech perceptionmedicine.medical_treatmentAudiology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHearingCochlear implantotorhinolaryngologic diseasesmedicineHumans030223 otorhinolaryngologyCochlear implantationAgedRetrospective StudiesHearing preservationbusiness.industryHearing TestsMiddle AgedCochlear ImplantationSensory SystemsProsthesis FailurePatient populationCochlear ImplantsOtorhinolaryngologySpeech PerceptionFemaleNeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgeryOtologyneurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology
researchProduct

Teachers’ experiences of adolescents’ pain in everyday life: a qualitative study

2015

Objectives More adolescents report pain now than previously. In Norway, episodic pain problems have been reported by 60% of children and adolescents aged 8–18 years, with 21% reporting duration of pain of more than 3 months. Since adolescents spend much time at school, the attitude and behaviour of teachers play important roles regarding the experience of pain felt by adolescents in everyday life. Yet research on how teachers perceive the pain experienced by adolescents in a school setting is limited. We therefore seek to gain insight to teachers’ classroom experiences with (1) adolescent's self-reported pain symptoms; (2) adolescents management of their pain and (3) how to help adolescents…

AdultMaleResearch designBiopsychosocial modelActivities of daily livingAdolescentschool:Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Andre helsefag: 829 [VDP]educationPainAdolescentsInterpersonal relationshipSurveys and QuestionnairesActivities of Daily Living1724HumansPain ManagementMedicineInterpersonal RelationsEpisodic pains15061725ChildEveryday lifeQualitative ResearchPain Measurementthe experience of pain by adolescentsNorwaybusiness.industryResearchGeneral MedicineFocus GroupsMiddle AgedFacultyFocus groupVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Andre helsefag: 829perceptions of teachersFemalePublic HealthSelf ReportRural areabusinessAttitude to HealthClinical psychologyQualitative research
researchProduct

Logistic regression of attitudes and coverage for influenza vaccination among Italian Public Health medical residents

2014

Introduction. A few number of literature specifically addresses vaccination uptake among Public Health Residents (PHRs). Influ- enza vaccine attitudes and risk perceptions of PHRs across Italy were studied, contributing to literature on influenza vaccination uptake predictors, in particular among young physicians. Methods. An online survey was conducted in 25 Schools of Public Health in Italy in 2011-2012. Results were analysed using preva- lence and logistic regression methods. Results. A total of 365 Italian public health residents were included in the study. Vaccination uptake was confirmed by 22.2 and 33.2% of PHRs in 2010-2011 and 2011-2012, respectively. For the 2010-2011 influenza se…

AdultMaleRisk perceptionAttitude of Health PersonnelMedical Residents; Influenza vaccination; Risk perceptionInternship and ResidencySettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataInfluenza vaccinationLogistic ModelsItalyInfluenza VaccinesInfluenza HumanHumansOriginal ArticleMedical ResidentsFemalePublic HealthMedical ResidentJournal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
researchProduct

Olfactory Dysfunction After Head Injury

2008

Objective: To determine the incidence of olfactory dysfunction after head trauma using clinical and radiologic findings, quantitative assessment, and electro-physiologic methods. Participants: A total of 190 patients with head trauma of different severity (n = 32 with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), n = 94 with signs of moderate TBI, and n = 64 with severe TBI) 6 to 32 months prior to the study. Design: Patients were selected retrospectively, surveyed by telephone (n = 190), and screened for olfactory function with Brief Smell Identification Test (n = 82). Those with olfactory dysfunction were assessed as outpatients using the Sniffin' Sticks (n = 19) and olfactory-evoked potential recor…

AdultMaleRiskOlfactory systemmedicine.medical_specialtyTraumatic brain injuryAnosmiaPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationOlfactionHead traumaCohort StudiesOlfaction DisordersYoung AdultHematomamedicineHumansEvoked PotentialsAgedRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)RehabilitationHead injuryMiddle AgedOlfactory Perceptionmedicine.diseaseIntracranial Hemorrhage TraumaticSurgeryBrain InjuriesSensory ThresholdsAnesthesiaFemaleNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptombusinessJournal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation
researchProduct

Differentiating the differential rotation effect.

2011

As an observer views a picture from different viewing angles, objects in the picture appear to maintain their orientation relative to the observer. For instance, the eyes of a portrait appear to follow the observer as he or she views the image from different angles. We have explored this rotation effect, often called the Mona Lisa effect. We report three experiments that used portrait photographs to test variations of the Mona Lisa effect. The first experiment introduced picture displacements relative to the observer in directions beyond the horizontal plane. The Mona Lisa effect remained robust for vertical and/or diagonal observer displacements. The experiment also included conditions in …

AdultMaleRotationGaze directionsIndividualityExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyGaze perceptionPortraitArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Developmental and Educational PsychologyDifferential rotationHumansComputer visionCommunicationbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineObserver (special relativity)Horizontal planeGazeSpace PerceptionVisual PerceptionFemaleArtificial intelligencebusinessPsychologyMona lisaPersonalityActa psychologica
researchProduct