Search results for "perception"

Sensory Processing Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Taking Stock of Assessment and Novel Therapeutic Tools

2022

Sensory processing disorders (SPDs) can be described as difficulty detecting, modulating, interpreting, and/or responding to sensory experiences. Because SPDs occur in many individuals with autism spectrum disorder and in other populations with neurodevelopmental disorders, it is important to distinguish between typical and atypical functioning in sensory processes and to identify early phenotypic markers for developing SPDs. This review considers different methods for diagnosing SPDs to outline a multidisciplinary approach useful for developing valid diagnostic measures. In particular, the advantages and limitations of the most commonly used tools in assessment of SPDs, such as caregiver r…

Mechanisms involved in the control of feeding behavior in relation to food flavor

2016

Revue; IntroductionIntake is one of the most essential behaviors, since human beings, like any living organism, require adequate nutrients for their survival. Ingestive behavior is controlled to maintain energy balance by peripheral and central mechanisms. When physiological needs are not being met, they will lead to motivation. Thus, being hungry will motivate us to find food, and the motivation will cease when needs are met. Ingestive behavior is thus initially due to a need related to internal signals (Fig. 10.1), in this case, hunger (physiological need) and appetite (urge to eat a food from which we expect pleasure and satisfaction). Sensory (visual, olfactory and, to a lesser extent, …

Imatge percebuda i imatge mental

2012

S'estudia el contrast entre el que es diu la posición Lockeana i la posición Berkeleyana sobre l'origen de la cognoció. La diferencia entre elles rau en el paper asignat al llenguatje respecte al coneixement. Aquest treball manté, no obstant, una posició híbrida. Se estudia el contraste entre lo que se ha venido a llamar posición Lokeana y la posición Berkeleyana, respecto del origen de la cognición. La diferencia entre las dos está en su diferente posición acerca del papel asignado al lenguaje para el conocimiento. Este trabajo explicará la posibilidad de una posición híbrida.

Perception of melodic complexity: a cross-cultural investigation

2002

CHANGING PERSPECTIVE ON PERCEPTION PHYSIOLOGY: CAN YOU REALLY SEE WHAT IS HAPPENING?

2018

Perception is a complex, neural mechanism that requires organization and interpretation of input meaning and it has been a key topic in medicine, neuroscience and philosophy for centuries. Gestalt psychology proposed that the underlying mechanism is a constructive process that depends on both input of stimuli and the sensory-motor state of the agent. The Bayesian Brain hypothesis reframed it as probabilistic inference of previous beliefs, which are revised to accommodate new information. The Predictive Coding Theory proposes that this process is implemented through a top-down cascade of cortical predictions of lower level input and the concurrent propagation of a bottom-up prediction error …

Approche neuropsychologique du syndrome de Williams : Aspects-visuospatiaux

2009

International audience; Nous envisageons différentes dimensions de la cognition visuo-spatiale et visuo-constructive : le fonctionnement perceptif, les représentations spatiales et l’attention spatiale, la mémoire à court terme visuelle, les tâches visuo-constructives comme le dessin ou la construction de configurations avec des cubes. Nous discutons ensuite la question du traitement local et global des stimuli perceptifs et l’éventualité de déficits au niveau des fonctions exécutives qui pourraient expliquer les différences observées notamment dans le traitement global entre les personnes présentant un Syndrome de Williams (SW) et les personnes en développement normal. Enfin, les hypothèse…

Questions for The Psychology of the Artful Mind

2019

This paper reconstructs the &ldquo

Perceived motivational climate influences athletes’ emotion regulation strategies, emotions, and psychobiosocial experiences

2022

The purpose of the study was to investigate whether athletes’ perceptions about the motivational climate created by their coach influence emotion regulation strategies (i.e., cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression), emotions, and psychobiosocial experiences of athletes. A sample of 459 competitive athletes (201 women, 258 men), aged 16–35 years, drawn from individual and team sports, completed self-assessment measures of perceived motivational climate, emotion regulation, sport emotions, and psychobiosocial experiences. Main results from structural equation modeling showed that perceived mastery climate was positively related to cognitive reappraisal, pleasant emotions, and psycho…

Gestalt Theory, Data Decomposition and Functional Architecture in Visual Neuroscience

2013

Classical and recent result about neuronal properties, and their functions and architectural design prompted claims to bring gestalt theory to bear on neurosciences reserach. It is deemed to contribute to understand brain mechanism through descriptions of visual functions expected to be wired in the brain. The standard models of data decomposition and functional architecture in visual neuroscience are discussed. Such issues as visual primitives identification and neuronal activity integration in gestaltist terms are introduced.

Mental Fatigue Effects on the Produced Perception of Effort and Its Impact on Subsequent Physical Performances.

2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between mental fatigue induced by a demanding cognitive task and impaired physical performance in endurance due to a higher perception of effort. A total of 12 healthy adults and volunteers, who had previously practiced endurance activities for 4 to 8 h per week, performed a one-hour cognitive task involving either the process of response inhibition (Stroop task) or not (visualization of a documentary as control task), then 20 min of pedaling on a cycle ergometer at a constant perception of effort while cardio-respiratory and neuromuscular functions were measured. The Stroop task induces subjective feelings of mental fatigue (vig…