Search results for "performance"

2017

The Cognitive reserve (CR) hypothesis was put forward to account for the variability in cognitive performance of patients with similar degrees of brain pathology. Compensatory neural activity within the frontal lobes has often been associated with CR. For the first time we investigated the independent effects of two CR proxies, education and NART IQ, on measures of executive function, fluid intelligence, speed of information processing, verbal short term memory (vSTM), naming, and perception in a sample of 86 patients with focal, unilateral frontal lesions and 142 healthy controls. We fitted multiple linear regression models for each of the cognitive measures and found that only NART IQ pre…

Do aetiology, age and cogntive reserve affect executive performance?

2017

Background: The behavioral effect of frontal lesions may be influenced by confounding factors such as aetiology, age and cogntive reserve. Yet no studies have investigated their effects on patients with focal lesions. Objective: Is the grouping of patients with frontal lesions caused by stroke or tumours methodologically appropriate; does age affect cognitive performance, can cognitive reserve protect against cognitive impairment? Patients and Methods/Material and Methods: Cognitive performance was compared across a large sample of frontal patients with stroke, high or low grade tumour, or meningioma. The effect of age, education and NART IQ on the cognitive performance of patients with foc…

Towards a model-based cognitive neuroscience of stopping - a neuroimaging perspective.

2018

Our understanding of the neural correlates of response inhibition has greatly advanced over the last decade. Nevertheless the specific function of regions within this stopping network remains controversial. The traditional neuroimaging approach cannot capture many processes affecting stopping performance. Despite the shortcomings of the traditional neuroimaging approach and a great progress in mathematical and computational models of stopping, model-based cognitive neuroscience approaches in human neuroimaging studies are largely lacking. To foster model-based approaches to ultimately gain a deeper understanding of the neural signature of stopping, we outline the most prominent models of re…

Informed Play: Approaching a Concept and Biology of Tone Production on Early Modern Lute Instruments

2018

Informed Play presents a conceptual understanding of tone production based on extensive historical research on primary sources, modern literature and handbook reviews, physical and psychological perspectives as well as on technology. As the first volume in English to discuss and contextualise the topic of tone production on Early Modern lute instruments from a broad, interdisciplinary approach, it represents a unique and significant contribution to research on Early Music performance, particularly performance on lute instruments. At a lute-centred level, this book challenges many preconceptions about tone production by addressing the motivations behind certain choices made in and embraced b…

Pattern Recognition: The "Postcinema" Seen by William Gibson

2015

Attraverso la lettura di "Pattern Recognition" di William Gibson possiamo rintracciare i caratteri del Postcinema

A Nomogram-Based Prognostic Model for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Treated with Sorafenib: A Multicenter Study

2021

Simple Summary Accurate prognostic systems capable of predicting the survival of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing Sorafenib therapy are still lacking. The search for the ideal predictive tool for survival and drug response is justified by the recent availability of several other drugs effective for these patients, licensed as first- and second-line treatment, other than reducing adverse events and costs. In this study, we aimed to identify simple demographic and clinical parameters able to predict survival and Sorafenib response in a large multicenter cohort. In this study, we showed that patient’s general status, liver function and damage laboratory parameters and…

Automatisation des tableaux de bord et cohérence des comportements

2007

International audience; Cet article a pour objet de s'interroger sur les rapports entre l'automatisation des tableaux de bord et la cohérence des comportements. Il ressort de l'étude de deux cas, celui d'une entreprise industrielle et celui d'une banque, que l'augmentation de la formalisation ne crée pas davantage de rigidité mais produit au contraire plus de dynamique ou de continuité et de permanence. Cependant, les résultats montrent aussi la limite d'une gestion automatique de la cohérence dans la mesure où la production des informations nécessaires à l'adaptation à long terme de la firme semble difficilement automatisable.

Differential Learning as a Key Training Approach to Improve Creative and Tactical Behavior in Soccer

2018

The aim of this study was to identify the effects of a differential-learning program, embedded in small-sided games, on the creative and tactical behavior of youth soccer players. Forty players from under-13 (U13) and under-15 (U15) were allocated into control and experimental groups and were tested using a randomized pretest to posttest design using small-sided games situations.The experimental group participated in a 5-month differential-learning program embodied in small-sided games situations, while the control group participated in a typical small-sided games training program. In-game creativity was assessed through notational analyses of the creative components, and the players' posit…

The Influence of Collective Behavior on Pacing in Endurance Competitions

2015

A number of theoretical models have been proposed in recent years to explain pacing strategies observed in individual competitive endurance events. These have typically related to the internal regulatory processes that inform the making of decisions relating to muscular work rate. Despite a substantial body of research which has investigated the influence of collective group dynamics on individual behaviors in various animal species, this issue has not been comprehensively studied in individual athletic events. This is somewhat surprising given that athletes often directly compete in close proximity to one another, and that collective behavior has also been observed in other human environme…

Les performances des élèves français au collège : étude comparative des effets exercés par l'individu et l'environnement scolaire

2009

Cette étude permet de mettre en confrontation les principales considérations théoriques de deux positions, dites situationniste ou interactionniste traditionnelle, quant à la prédiction des performances des collégiens. La première accorde un intérêt primordial à l'environnement socio-écologique de la classe (Moos, 1991). La seconde, relative à la psychologie différentielle interactionniste, privilégie dans l'explication du comportement le rôle de l'individu à savoir ses caractéristiques personnelles et surtout sa signification psychologique de l'environnement (Magnusson et Endler, 1977). Ces caractéristiques ont concerné dans ce travail l'âge de l'élève, son sexe, la classe socioprofessionn…