Search results for "personal"
showing 10 items of 3924 documents
Is a Mask That Covers the Mouth and Nose Free from Undesirable Side Effects in Everyday Use and Free of Potential Hazards?
2021
International journal of environmental research and public health : IJERPH 18(8), 4344 (2021). doi:10.3390/ijerph18084344
Personality and Defence Mechanisms in Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
2017
IntroductionTakotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) is an acute cardiologic syndrome, characterized by specific symptoms and ECG, echocardiographic and enzymatic abnormalities, similar to an acute myocardial infarction, with no hemodynamically significant stenosis at coronary-ventriculography.ObjectiveTo assess personality in TC patients in order to find common psychopathological elements.MethodsA series of consecutive patients suffering from TC hospitalized at the Cardiology Unit of “Ingrassia” Hospital in Palermo in 2013–2014, were included in the study. We used Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I and II, according to DSM-IV TR criteria. Further, the Defense Mechanisms Inventory (DMI), used in…
High utilizers of medical care
2004
Abstract Objective Patients with somatoform disorders (SFD) are likely to overutilize healthcare services. This study investigates (a) whether extraordinarily high medical costs can be predicted from patient characteristics or psychopathology, and (b) whether high-utilizing patients respond differently to cognitive–behavioral treatment. Methods We compared 42 SFD high utilizers with 53 SFD average utilizers and 29 patients suffering from other than SFD mental disorders. High utilization was defined by healthcare expenditures of ≥€2500 during the past 2 years. Costs were computed from medical and billing records of health insurance companies. Somatization distress, hypochondriasis, depressio…
Influence of Attitudes towards Change and Self-directness on Dropout in Eating Disorders: A 2-Year Follow-up Study
2012
Objective This study examined dropout-related factors at the Outpatient Eating Disorders Treatment Programme. Method One hundred ninety-six eating disorders patients following DSM-IV diagnostic criteria that consecutively commenced treatment were recruited and followed up for a 2-year period. A total of 151 patients completed the whole assessment with a set of questionnaires evaluating eating and general psychopathology. The Attitudes towards Change in Eating Disorders questionnaire was used, and personality was evaluated using the Temperament and Character Inventory. During the follow-up period, patients were re-assessed. Two years later, 102 patients continued on treatment. Results Scores…
A hidden type of internet addiction? Intense and addictive use of social networking sites in adolescents
2016
Internet Gaming Disorder has been included as a preliminary diagnosis in DSM-5. The question remains, if there are additional internet activities related to addictive use. Especially, use of social networking sites has been discussed to be related to excessive use, but only few empirical studies are available. We wanted to explore, if use of social networking sites is related to addiction symptoms and psychosocial distress and which variables (demography, personality) predict addictive use. A representative sample of n?=?9173 adolescents (12-19 years) was enrolled. Self-report questionnaires assessed demography, frequency of social networking sites use, internet addiction, personality, and …
Happiness: role of dopamine and serotonin on mood and negative emotions
2017
Dopamine is a hormone associated with happiness and serotonin regulates our mood. When a person is physically attracted to another, an activation of dopamine, serotonin increased and production of oxytocin, a hormone that reduces pain perception and increases the emotional connection we have with the other occurs. Disconnecting the amygdala, the parts of the brain that are active against negative emotions like fear. The combination of all these elements leads to crush the other. After our beliefs, the way we understand ourselves and understand the world around us, eventually determining if I made a good choice. These are questions necessary to understand the functioning of our brain and hum…
Relationship of subjective helplessness and pain perception after electric skin stimuli
2000
Objective and subjective controllability of painful stimuli are important factors in pain perception. The present study investigated direct and indirect effects of uncontrollability on perceived pain intensity in humans. Forty-eight healthy male volunteers participated in a laboratory experiment using a reaction time paradigm to induce controllable or uncontrollable feedback conditions in two randomly selected groups. Under controllable conditions, unpleasant electric skin shocks were applied, only when the actual time exceeded an individual threshold; under uncontrollable conditions, skin shocks were applied randomly using a yoked control design. Subjective helplessness, perceived pain int…
Autonomía y pacientes reclusos
2007
The authors study a recent Spanish High Court decision declaring liability on the Administration’s part for the death of an inmate in a prison hospital. We analyse the Court’s decision using legal, ethical, medical and social perspectives. The conclusions are that: 1. the Administration has no legitimate right to force a prisoner to take medical treatment, except in circumstances in which there is a grave and definite risk to the patient’s life, or when the patient lacks capacity or when there is the risk of harm to the health of third parties; 2. That in the case of health decision making that might affect a patient, the Court has mounted a frontal attack on the autonomy of patients in pri…
Short-term Psychological Interventions for Bordeline Personality Disorder–What Works?
2017
IntroductionBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is a common and disabling personality disorder associated with difficulties in controlling emotions and impulses, self-injury, feelings of emptiness and abandonment. It is associated with problems in many areas of life, most notably relationships. Psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for people with borderline personality disorder widely used; however, the evidence is not thoroughly investigated. In addition, several specific short-term interventions have been developed during the last decades.ObjectivesWe are currently updating this cochrane collaboration review on psychological interventions for BPD. First findings on the up-to-date e…
The Psychopathy Checklist and non-violent offender groups
1992
Cleckley’s concept of psychopathy includes characteristics such as superficial charm, unreliability, and affective poverty. In this study, the Psychopathy Checklist (PCL) and personality questionnaires (MMPI, CPI, EPQ, and SSS) were used to assess 92 non-violent male offenders. The variable-based approach was applied in order to study the structure of the PCL and the relationships between the PCL, the PCL factors and the personality questionnaire scores. The results indicated that the personality scale scores failed to correlate positively with the PCL score, with the exception of the MMPI hypomania score. Two PCL factors emerged: factor 1 related to the core personality characteristics of …