Search results for "phase space"

showing 10 items of 176 documents

Geometric-phase backaction in a mesoscopic qubit-oscillator system

2012

We illustrate a reverse Von Neumann measurement scheme in which a geometric phase induced on a quantum harmonic oscillator is measured using a microscopic qubit as a probe. We show how such a phase, generated by a cyclic evolution in the phase space of the harmonic oscillator, can be kicked back on the qubit, which plays the role of a quantum interferometer. We also extend our study to finite-temperature dissipative Markovian dynamics and discuss potential implementations in micro- and nanomechanical devices coupled to an effective two-level system. © 2012 American Physical Society.

Quantum phase transitionPhysicsNANOMECHANICAL RESONATOR; BACK-ACTION; QUANTUM; OPTOMECHANICS; MECHANICS; EVOLUTION; MODEAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaPhase qubitOptical phase spaceClassical mechanicsGeometric phaseQuantum harmonic oscillatorPhase spaceQubitQuantum mechanicsGeometric phases atomic physics quantum interferometryHarmonic oscillator
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Dimensionally regularized box and phase-space integrals involving gluons and massive quarks

1999

The basic box and phase space integrals needed to compute at second order the three-jet decay rate of the Z-boson into massive quarks are presented in this paper. Dimensional Regularization is used to regularize the infrared divergences that appear in intermediate steps. Finally, the cancellation of these divergences among the virtual and the real contributions is showed explicitly.

QuarkPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsOrder (ring theory)FOS: Physical sciencesFísicaGluonTheoretical physicsDimensional regularizationHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Phase space
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Measurements of the charge asymmetry in top-quark pair production in the dilepton final state ats=8  TeVwith the ATLAS detector

2016

Measurements of the top--antitop quark pair production charge asymmetry in the dilepton channel are presented using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb−1 from pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of s√=8 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Inclusive and differential measurements as a function of the invariant mass, transverse momentum, and longitudinal boost of the tt¯ system are performed both in the full phase space and in a fiducial phase space closely matching the detector acceptance. Two observables are studied: AllC based on the selected leptons and Att¯C based on the reconstructed tt¯ final state. The inclusive asymmet…

QuarkPhysicsTop quarkParticle physicsLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physics01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsPair productionmedicine.anatomical_structureAtlas (anatomy)Phase space0103 physical sciencesmedicineHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentInvariant mass010306 general physicsLeptonPhysical Review D
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Measurement of the differential cross-section of highly boosted top quarks as a function of their transverse momentum ins=8  TeVproton-proton collisi…

2016

The differential cross-section for pair production of top quarks with high transverse momentum is measured in 20.3 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The measur ...

QuarkPhysicsTop quarkParticle physicsProton010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyNuclear TheoryFunction (mathematics)01 natural sciences7. Clean energyNuclear physicsmedicine.anatomical_structurePair productionAtlas (anatomy)Phase space0103 physical sciencesTransverse momentummedicinePhysics::Accelerator PhysicsNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsPhysical Review D
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Measurement of soft-drop jet observables in pp collisions with the ATLAS detector at s=13  TeV

2020

Jet substructure quantities are measured using jets groomed with the soft-drop grooming procedure in dijet events from 32.9  fb-1 of pp collisions collected with the ATLAS detector at s=13  TeV. These observables are sensitive to a wide range of QCD phenomena. Some observables, such as the jet mass and opening angle between the two subjets which pass the soft-drop condition, can be described by a high-order (resummed) series in the strong coupling constant αS. Other observables, such as the momentum sharing between the two subjets, are nearly independent of αS. These observables can be constructed using all interacting particles or using only charged particles reconstructed in the inner tra…

QuarkQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyObservable01 natural sciencesCharged particleGluonPseudorapidityPhase space0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::Experiment010306 general physicsParton showerPhysical Review D
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Quantum light depolarization: the phase-space perspective

2008

Quantum light depolarization is handled through a master equation obtained by coupling dispersively the field to a randomly distributed atomic reservoir. This master equation is solved by transforming it into a quasiprobability distribution in phase space and the quasiclassical limit is investigated.

Quasiprobability distributionPhysicsHusimi Q representationQuantum PhysicsLindblad equationWigner quasiprobability distributionQuantum limitFOS: Physical sciencesQUANTUM LIGHT DEPOLARIZATION OPEN QUANTUM SYSTEMAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOpen quantum systemQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsPhase spaceMaster equationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Families of Two-dimensional Vector Fields

1998

In this section we will consider individual vector fields. They can be considered as 0-parameter families. We assume these vector fields to be of class at least C 1. This will be sufficient to ensure the existence and uniqueness of the flow φ(t, x) (t is time, x ∈ S, the phase space) and the qualitative properties which we mention below.

Section (fiber bundle)Pure mathematicsBifurcation theoryFlow (mathematics)Phase portraitPhase spaceVector fieldUniquenessSingular point of a curveMathematics
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Bifurcations of Regular Limit Periodic Sets

1998

In this chapter, (X λ ) will be a smooth or analytic (in Section 3) family of vector fields on a phase space S, with parameter λ ∈ P, as in Chapter 1. Periodic orbits and elliptic singular points which are limits of sequences of limit cycles are called regular limit periodic sets. The reason for this terminology is that for such a limit periodic set Γ one can define local return maps on transversal segments, which are as smooth as the family itself. The limit cycles near Γ will be given by a smooth equation and the theory of bifurcations of limit cycles from Γ will reduce to the theory of unfoldings of differentiable functions. In fact, we will just need the Preparation Theorem and not the …

Section (fiber bundle)Pure mathematicsPhase spaceTransversal (combinatorics)Vector fieldLimit (mathematics)Differentiable functionCodimensionSingular point of a curveMathematics
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Shock-induced complex phase-space dynamics of strongly turbulent flows

2017

Shock waves have been thoroughly investigated during the last century in many different branches of physics. In conservative (Hamiltonian) systems the shock singularity is regularized by weak wave dispersion, thus leading to the formation of a rapidly and regular oscillating structure, usually termed in the literature dispersive shock wave (DSW), see e.g. [1]. Here, we show that this fundamental singular process of DSW formation can break down in a system of incoherent nonlinear waves. We consider the strong turbulent regime of a system of nonlocal nonlinear optical waves. We report theoretically and experimentally a characteristic transition: Strengthening the nonlocal character of the non…

Shock wavePhysicsspecklesElectric shockTurbulenceturbulenceBranches of physicsshock wavesmedicine.disease01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasNONonlinear systemsymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsSingularityvortexPhase space0103 physical sciencesmedicinesymbols010306 general physicsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)shock waves turbulence speckles vortex
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Physical Origin and Biological Significance of Solvent Induced Forces

1994

The notion of solvent-induced forces (SIFs), as distinct from solute-solute forces acting through the solvent, is illustrated in terms of: i) the microscopic space-and time-resolved view provided by Molecular Dynamics Simulations; ii) the standard statistical-mechanical formulation, and iii) the inherent structures of water. It is shown that the origin of SIFs is in the non-additivity of the effects of solute-perturbation on the H-bond network in the solvent. This nonadditivity does not require non-additivity of water-water and solute-water interaction potentials. Two experimental studies, illustrating different aspects of SIFs are discussed in detail. One is the case of Human Adult Hemoglo…

SolventMolecular dynamicsChemical physicsBiological significanceChemistryPhase spacePhysical chemistryMolecule
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