Search results for "phase space"
showing 10 items of 176 documents
Quasi-Lie Brackets and the Breaking of Time-Translation Symmetry for Quantum Systems Embedded in Classical Baths
2018
Many open quantum systems encountered in both natural and synthetic situations are embedded in classical-like baths. Often, the bath degrees of freedom may be represented in terms of canonically conjugate coordinates, but in some cases they may require a non-canonical or non-Hamiltonian representation. Herein, we review an approach to the dynamics and statistical mechanics of quantum subsystems embedded in either non-canonical or non-Hamiltonian classical-like baths which is based on operator-valued quasi-probability functions. These functions typically evolve through the action of quasi-Lie brackets and their associated Quantum-Classical Liouville Equations, or through quasi-Lie brackets a…
Chaotic Scattering in the Gaussian Potential
1995
It is well known that general classical Hamiltonian dynamical systems have as a rule chaotic behaviour. By such a term one usually understands a sensitive dependence on initial conditions which manifests itself in the topology of phase space. For the most studied case of bounded motions this behaviour is detected, for example, by analysing the Poincare surfaces of section and by calculating Lyapunov characteristic exponents. The question then naturally arises of what are the effects of this complexity on the unbounded motions, i.e., on scattering phenomena. The signature of chaotic dynamics in these scattering regions of phase space has been the object of several papers appeared mainly in t…
Universality for the breakup of invariant tori in Hamiltonian flows
1998
In this article, we describe a new renormalization-group scheme for analyzing the breakup of invariant tori for Hamiltonian systems with two degrees of freedom. The transformation, which acts on Hamiltonians that are quadratic in the action variables, combines a rescaling of phase space and a partial elimination of irrelevant (non-resonant) frequencies. It is implemented numerically for the case applying to golden invariant tori. We find a nontrivial fixed point and compute the corresponding scaling and critical indices. If one compares flows to maps in the canonical way, our results are consistent with existing data on the breakup of golden invariant circles for area-preserving maps.
Nonlinear analysis of classical phase-locked loops in signal's phase space
2014
Abstract Discovery of undesirable hidden oscillations, which cannot be found by the standard simulation, in phase-locked loop (PLL) showed the importance of consideration of nonlinear models and development of rigorous analytical methods for their analysis. In this paper for various signal waveforms, analytical computation of multiplier/mixer phase-detector characteristics is demonstrated, and nonlinear dynamical model of classical analog PLL is derived. Approaches to the rigorous nonlinear analysis of classical analog PLL are discussed.
Dynamical analysis of anisotropic inflation
2016
Inflaton coupling to a vector field via the $f^2(\phi)F_{\mu\nu}F^{\mu\nu}$ term is used in several contexts in the literature, such as to generate primordial magnetic fields, to produce statistically anisotropic curvature perturbation, to support anisotropic inflation and to circumvent the $\eta$-problem. Here, I perform dynamical analysis of such a system allowing for most general Bianchi I initial conditions. I also confirm the stability of attractor equilibrium points in phase-space directions that had not been investigated before.
Measurement of theZZproduction cross section inpp¯collisions ats=1.96 TeV
2016
The ZZ production cross section in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV center-of-mass energy is measured using 3.2 fb⁻¹ of data recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The considered Z boson candidates decay to an electron or muon pair of mass 66-116 GeV. The cross section is measured in a fiducial phase space reflecting the detector acceptance. It is also extrapolated to a total phase space for Z bosons in the same mass range and of all decay modes, giving 16.7 +2.2 −2.0 (stat.) +0.9 −0.7 (syst.) +1.0 −0.7 (lumi.) pb. The results agree with standard model predictions.
Novel mechanism for primordial perturbations in minimal extensions of the Standard Model
2020
Abstract We demonstrate that light spectator fields in their equilibrium can source sizeable CMB anisotropies through modulated reheating even in the absence of direct couplings to the inflaton. The effect arises when the phase space of the inflaton decay is modulated by the spectator which generates masses for the decay products. We call the mechanism indirect modulation and using the stochastic eigenvalue expansion show that it can source perturbations even four orders of magnitude larger than the observed amplitude. Importantly, the indirect mechanism is present in the Standard Model extended with right- handed neutrinos. For a minimally coupled Higgs boson this leads to a novel lower bo…
Exclusive heavy vector meson electroproduction to NLO in collinear factorisation
2021
We compute the exclusive electroproduction, $\gamma^* p \rightarrow V p$, of heavy quarkonia $V$ to NLO in the collinear factorisation scheme, which has been formally proven for this process. The inclusion of an off-shell virtuality $Q^2$ carried by the photon extends the photoproduction phase space of the exclusive heavy quarkonia observable to electroproduction kinematics. This process is relevant for diffractive scattering at HERA and the upcoming EIC, as well as at the proposed LHeC and FCC.
Fragment Flow and the Multifragmentation Phase Space
1995
Fragment distributions have been measured for Au+Au collisions at [ital E]/[ital A]=100 and 1000 MeV. A high detection efficiency for fragments was obtained by combining the ALADIN spectrometer and the MSU-Miniball/WU-Miniwall array. At both energies the maximum multiplicity of intermediate mass fragments (IMF) normalized to the size of the decaying system is about one IMF per 30 nucleons but the element distributions show significant differences. Within a coalescence picture the suppression of heavy fragments in central collisions at [ital E]/[ital A]=100 MeV may be related to a reduction of the density in momentum space which is caused by the collective expansion.
The 16O(γ, 2N) reaction measured with tagged photons
1991
The results of tagged-photon measurements of the 4He(γ, pn)d, 4He(γ, pn)pn and 4He(γ, pp)nn reactions, carried out with photons of energies 80–131 MeV, are presented. The (γ, pn)d three-body-breakup cross section dominates the four-body-breakup cross section. The three-body-breakup cross section and the corresponding deuteron recoil-momentum spectrum are reasonably accounted for by a mechanism of photon absorption on correlated proton-neutron pairs. In contrast the four-body-breakup mechanism appears to have two components: absorption on correlated proton-neutron pairs and a more complex additional component which has a distribution similar to phase space. The data rule out substantial phot…