Search results for "phospholipid"
showing 10 items of 422 documents
Haemolytic-uremic syndrome due to infection with adenovirus
2018
Abstract Rationale: Haemolytic-uremic syndrome is a rare but serious complication of bacterial and viral infections, which is characterized by the triad of: acute renal failure, microangiopathic haemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia, sometimes severe, requiring peritoneal dialysis. In Europe, hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) in paediatric pathology is primarily caused by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157, followed by O26. Beside these etiologies, there are other bacterial and viral infections, and also noninfectious ones that have been associated to lead to HUS as well: in the progression of neoplasia, medication-related, post-transplantation, during pregnancy or associated…
Cigarette smoking affects specific sperm oxidative defenses but does not cause oxidative DNA damage in infertile men
2008
Objective To evaluate the effects of tobacco consumption on the oxidative defenses of sperm, the glutathione system (GS), and sperm DNA oxidation. Design Double-blind experimental study. Setting Andrology laboratory in a university-affiliated private setting. Patient(s) One hundred seventeen semen samples from infertile males. Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) (a) sperm GS enzymatic activity with respect to glutathione peroxidase isoforms GPx-1 and GPx-4, glutathione reductase (GR), and cellular glutathione (GSH) content (n = 29); (b) GPx-1, GPx-4, and GR m RNA expression analysis (n = 33); (c) oxidative DNA damage quantification using OXIDNA assay kit (n = 55). Two groups were …
Ajuga ivaaqueous extract improves reverse cholesterol transport in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat
2012
AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of Ajuga iva aqueous extract on lecithin : cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity and amount and composition of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)2 and (HDL)3, in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.MethodsDiabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg body weight). Diabetic rats (n = 12) were divided into two groups. The diabetic control group (D) received a 20% casein diet and the diabetic treated group received the same diet supplemented with A. iva aqueous extract (0.5 g/100 g diet) (DAi), for 4 weeks.Key findingsTotal cholesterol and HDL3-C were respectively decreased by…
3D versus 2D contrast-enhanced sonography in the evaluation of therapeutic response of hepatocellular carcinoma after locoregional therapies: prelimi…
2014
Objective: To investigate diagnostic performance of 3D contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) compared with 2D CEUS in the assessment of therapeutic response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with locoregional therapies (LRT). Materials and methods: Twenty-three consecutive patients (13 men and 10 women; mean age 65.5 years) with 23 HCCs (size range 1.2–7.2 cm; mean size 2.9 ± 1.4 cm) treated by means of radiofrequency ablation (RFA n = 9), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE n = 8), combined RFA and TACE (n = 3), percutaneous alcoholization (n = 2), and wedge resection (n = 1) underwent 2D and 3D CEUS 1 month (30 ± 2 days) after treatment. Magnetic resonance (n = 17) and computed to…
Hepatocellular cancer response to radiofrequency tumor ablation: contrast-enhanced ultrasound
2007
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is increasingly being used as percutaneous treatment of choice for patients with early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). An accurate assessment of the RFA therapeutic response is of crucial importance, considering that a complete tumor ablation significantly increases patient survival, whereas residual unablated tumor calls for additional treatment. Imaging modalities play a pivotal role in accomplishing this task, but ultrasound (US) is not considered a reliable modality for the evaluation of the real extent of necrosis, even when color/power Doppler techniques are used. Recently, newer microbubble-based US contrast agents used in combination with grey-sca…
Effect of low levels of dietary fish oil on fatty acid desaturation and tissue fatty acids in obese and lean rats
1995
The effect of very low levels of dietary long-chain n-3 fatty acids on delta 6 desaturation of linoleic acid (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3), and on delta 5 desaturation of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (20:3n-6), in liver microsomes and its influence on tissue fatty acids were examined in obese and lean Zucker rats and in Wistar rats. Animals fed for 12 wk a balanced diet containing ca. 200 mg of long-chain polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids per 100 g of diet were compared to those fed the same amount of alpha-linolenic acid. Low amounts of long-chain n-3 fatty acids greatly inhibited delta 6 desaturation of 18:2n-6 and delta 5 desaturation of 20:3n-6, while delta 6 desaturation of…
Effect of observer experience in the differentiation between benign and malignant liver tumors after ultrasound contrast agent injection.
2009
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of the observer level of experience on the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging (CEUS) for differentiation between benign and malignant liver tumors. METHODS: From a computerized search, we retrospectively identified 286 biopsy-proven liver tumors (105 hepatocellular carcinomas, 48 metastases, 7 intra-hepatic cholangiocarcinomas, 33 liver hemangiomas, and 93 nonhemangiomatous benign lesions) in 235 patients (140 male and 95 female; mean age +/- SD, 56 +/- 11 years) who underwent CEUS after sulfur hexafluoride-filled microbubble injection. The digital cine clips recorded during the arterial (10-35 seconds…
Uptake and metabolism of [3H]choline by the rat phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm preparation
1987
A whole nerve-muscle preparation (about 160 mg) or an end-plate preparation (about 25 mg) of the rat phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm were incubated with [3H]choline, to investigate choline uptake and choline metabolism. Choline uptake was measured from the disappearance of choline from the incubation medium during the loading period and from the retention of tritium in the tissue after the loading and washout period. Based on the results obtained with both methods the end-plate preparation takes up three times as much choline than the whole nerve-muscle preparation or a small muscle strip that was cut outside the end-plate region and had a similar size as the end-plate preparation. Choline upta…
PLTP activity is a risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular events in CAD patients under statin therapy: the AtheroGene study.
2009
Phospholipid transferprotein (PLTP) mediates both net transfer and exchange of phospholipids between different lipoproteins. Although many studies have investigated the role of PLTP in atherogenesis, the role of PLTP in atherosclerotic diseases is unclear. We investigated the association of serum PLTP activity with the incidence of a combined endpoint (myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death) and its relation to other markers of atherosclerosis in 1,085 patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease (CAD). In the median follow-up of 5.1 years, 156 patients had suffered from the combined endpoint of myocardial infarction or cardiovascular death including 47 of 395 p…
Mass Concentration of Plasma Phospholipid Transfer Protein in Normolipidemic, Type IIa Hyperlipidemic, Type IIb Hyperlipidemic, and Non–Insulin-Depen…
1999
Abstract —Mean plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) concentrations were measured for the first time by using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. PLTP mass levels and phospholipid transfer activity values, which were significantly correlated among normolipidemic plasma samples ( r =0.787, P <0.0001), did not differ between normolipidemic subjects (3.95±1.04 mg/L and 575±81 nmol · mL −1 · h −1 , respectively; n=30), type IIa hyperlipidemic patients (4.06±0.84 mg/L and 571±43 nmol · mL −1 · h −1 , respectively; n=36), and type IIb hyperlipidemic patients (3.90±0.79 mg/L and 575±48 nmol · mL −1 · h −1 , respectively; n=33). No significant correlations with plasma lipid p…