Search results for "photovoltaic"
showing 10 items of 646 documents
A procedure to calculate the five-parameter model of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules on the basis of the tabular performance data
2013
Abstract Only few manufactures provide the wide set of graphical data that are necessary to use high performance predictive tools for PV systems. On the other hand, reliable graphical data require accurate laboratory measurements that increase manufacturing costs. For this reason PV system designers have to choose between the use of cheap PV modules, lacking in technical data, and the reliable energy predictions that are possible only if the current–voltage characteristics are provided by the PV module manufacturers. This paper describes the procedure to evaluate the parameters of a one-diode equivalent circuit able to accurately represent the electrical behaviour of a PV panel by means of …
Mobility scenarios in the Valley of the Temples
2015
The valley of the Temples in Agrigento is one the most known wonders of the ancient Greek time to be still standing is South Italy. Chosen as an emblematic location in the center of the island, it is the exemplary site used to assess the potential for electric mobility in terms of energy and environmental benefits of electricity over standard fuels. Such an assessment is performed by means of a life-cycle approach, including the use of the Life Cycle Assessment methodology, the use of the standard ILCD-PEF indicators and the development of a parametric analysis investigating the impact of different electricity penetration levels in the local transports system. The results identify relevant …
Life Cycle Assessment of Solar Technologies
2015
This chapter analyses the most common solar technologies and assesses their energy and environmental performance, based on a life cycle perspective. After a preliminary description of the main technologies, the chapter presents a review of studies on solar plants, as published in scientific journals in the past decade. Successively, the chapter assesses solar plants in comparison to other renewable and non-renewable based technologies, including a discussion of uncertainties and criticalities in the assessment
Review of the energy and economic parameters involved in the effectiveness of grid-connected PV systems installed in multi-storey buildings
2014
Abstract The assessment of PV energy in an urban context is extremely complex because many factors have to be considered. Moreover, when the purpose is calculating the realistic amount of the electricity demand of a city that can be covered by the photovoltaic generation, it is necessary to estimate the number of photovoltaic systems whose installation is economically advantageous. Such a topic requires an economic analysis, which is affected by the number of energy and economic parameters involved and the values assigned to them to perform calculations. Some parameters are perfectly known and unvarying, like the paid incentives. Adversely, some parameters, like the efficiency degradation o…
The importance of reliable climatic data in the energy evaluation
2012
Abstract In the last few years, more and more attention has been focused on energy issues, as it is pointed out, for example, by the Directive 2002/91/EC on the Energy Performance of Buildings and Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources. However, in order to do that, reliable tools for technicians to design systems for such topics should be provided. Nowadays, several software are available; the weak point is the availability of reliable climatic data and, above all, the ones referring to solar radiation. In this work, after a short overview of the world climatic databases, a description of three statistical methods for the elaboration of a climatic…
A device for PV modules I-V characteristic detection
2013
In this paper an electronic load suitable for the PV module I-V characteristic curve fast detection is presented. This device is designed in agreement with the IEC 82 Techinical Committee Standard since it allows the detection of the characteristic starting from voltage values even lower than 3% of the PV module open circuit voltage. The device main features are short time characteristc detection (2 s), limited ripple of the detected characteristic and low cost. Its validation is carried out by comparing measured data with data from simulations. Simulations are carried out considering two different commercial PV modules and by implementing in Matlab-Simulink environment the four lumped para…
Obtaining dynamic Norton parameters of a solar panel from manufacturer data
2016
Photovoltaic arrays have been shown to possess significant influence on the dynamic performance of coupled source-converter-load system while its dynamic resistance is the most important parameter, contributing to the overall system dynamics. In this paper, a method of deriving the parameters of linearized photovoltaic equivalent circuit from manufacturer data is proposed. The approach allows predicting the range of dynamic Norton parameters for the expected irradiation and temperature operation conditions thus defining clear bounds required for robust design of the system controller.
PV systems in the vertical walls: A comparison of innovative structures
2016
This paper presents the performance comparison of PV windows with the purpose of tracing the behavior of next-generation systems, which could favor architectonical integration. More in detail, a dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) and blue and grey thin film silicon panels have been analyzed. The systems can be placed behind a window or behind a wall of glass blocks. The three generation systems are then compared in terms of both efficiency and Fill Factor.
Modeling of a Smart Grid System Using Real Time Data οn Neplan
2013
The Institute for Energy and Transport (IET) is one of the seven institutes of the Joint Research Centre, which is a Directorate-General of the European Commission. IET is based both in Petten, the Netherlands, and Ispra, Italy, and has a multidisciplinary team of around three hundred academic, technical and support staff members. The mission of IET is to provide support to European Union policies in order to ensure sustainable, safe, secure and efficient energy production, distribution and use. The Energy Security Unit (ESU) is part of IET based in Petten and Ispra. A research action set up within this unit is devoted to studies on smart electricity systems (SES) and operates a Smart Grids…
Review on photovoltaic based active generator
2015
An active generator has the capacity to support frequency control and instantaneous power balance. The grid operator adjusts the power dispatch of generators according to power demand fluctuations. Photovoltaic (PV) based active generators can be used as load following generators in the same manner as other power dispatch generators. This new type of distribution system, based on active generator(s), needs new innovative management and operation strategies for increasing the penetration of intermittent renewable energy systems. The considered PV based active generator has three units, i.e., PV array, battery storage and super capacitor. In this review paper, the management and operation app…