Search results for "physical exercise"
showing 10 items of 462 documents
Modifications of atrial natriuretic peptide and vasopressin peptides in the rat hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus during resistance training
2010
Many studies have demonstrated the involvement of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and vasopressin (VP) in the homeostasis of body fluids, but few studies have regarded the hypothalamic magnocellular neurosecretory system during physical exercises. The aim of the present immunohistochemical work is to study the activity of ANP and VP secreting neurons of the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus during and after resistance training. The study was carried out in Wistar rats trained by a physical resistance-type exercise, using a rung ladder and a varying load fastened to the tail of each rat; the exercise lasted 20 min everyday for periods of 15, 30 and 45 days. Animal groups were sacrificed at th…
Extracellular Vesicles: Delivery Vehicles of Myokines
2019
Movement and regular physical activity are two important factors that help the human body prevent, reduce and treat different chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart diseases, hypertension, sarcopenia, cachexia and cancer. During exercise, several tissues release molecules into the blood stream, and are able to mediate beneficial effects throughout the whole body. In particular, contracting skeletal muscle cells have the capacity to communicate with other organs through the release of humoral factors that play an important role in the mechanisms of adaptation to physical exercise. These muscle-derived factors, today recognized as myokines, act as endocrine and paracrine hor…
Effects of Physical Exercise on Inflammatory Markers of Atherosclerosis
2011
It is well established that physically fit individuals have a reduced risk of developing CVD (cardiovascular disease) and other age-related chronic disorders. Regular exercise is an established therapeutic intervention with an enormous range of benefits. Chronic low-grade systemic inflammation may be involved in atherosclerosis, diabetes and in pathogenesis of several chronic pathological conditions; recent findings confirm that physical activity induces an increase in the systemic levels of a number of cytokines and chemokines with anti-inflammatory properties. The possibility that regular physical exercise exerts anti-inflammation activity, being the interaction between contracting muscle…
Exercise in obesity management
2011
Obesity is considered a global epidemic by the World Health Organization in both developed and developing countries. It is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, cancer and other clinical conditions. Visceral fat is the major responsible for metabolic complications, such as insulin-resistance, and it acts as an endocrine organ producing adipokines involved in lipidic and glycaemic metabolism. TNF-α and IL-6, produced by adipose tissue, increase NADPH oxidase activity activating protein kinase C and NFκB leading to an higher oxidative stress. The obesity management includes physical activity: aerobic training improves lipid profile and insulin sensitivity…
Effects of asymmetrical exercise demands on the symmetry of skin temperature in archers
2020
Abstract Objective: To analyse skin temperature asymmetries in response to asymmetrical exercise demand in archers. Approach: The skin temperature of the trunk and upper limbs was measured in 30 archers with an infrared camera at three different moments: before (Pre), immediately after (Post), and 10 min after (Post10) a simulated competition (18 warm-up shots and 72 qualifying round shots). Relative and absolute asymmetries were determined. Stepwise multiple linear regressions were performed using the variations of relative and absolute skin temperature asymmetries as predicting variables, and sex, age, experience, body mass index, bow mass, bow power, and rate of perceived exertion of com…
Editorial: Myokines, Adipokines, Cytokines in Muscle Pathophysiology
2020
[No abstract available]
RETA A TU MENTE, DESAFÍA A TU CEREBRO: COMPLEJIDAD AMBIENTAL Y SALUD CEREBRAL
2016
Abstract.According to the World Health Organization, it is estimated that more than 30 million people suffer from Alzheimer’s disease in the world. Currently, there is great interest in developing strategies to counteract the cognitive decline that accompanies aging and, to a greater extent, neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of the current study is to analyze the experimental evidence supporting the hypothesis that interventions based on novelty and complexity are more effective in order to achieve successful aging. In animal models it has shown that enriched environments and performing voluntary exercise can improve performance in learning and memory tasks, decrease anxiety response and …
Depresijas simptomu izplatība universitātes studentiem, kuri piedalās ikdienas fiziskajās aktivitātēs
2022
Nosaukums: Depresijas simptomu izplatība universitātes studentiem, kuri piedalās ikdienas fiziskajās aktivitātēs Autors: Leo El-Achkar Darba vadītājs: Andis Užāns, MD Darba aktualitāte: Depresīvi simptomi negatīvi ietekmē cilvēka garīgo stāvokli un labizjūtu. Ilgstoši šie simptomi var izraisīt klīnisku depresiju. Depresijas simptomi var būt plašā spektrā no viegliem līdz tādiem, kur dominē domas par pašnāvību. Fiziskā aktivitāte var dažādi ietekmēt depresīvu simptomu izpausmi atkarībā no pacienta vecuma, mobilitātes, fiziskās slodzes vai citiem stresa faktoriem. Mērķis: tika veikta tiešsaistes aptauja, lai izpētītu depresijas simptomu izplatību galvenokārt studentiem, kuri piedalās ikdienas…
Bone mineral density and physical activity in 50–60-year-old women
1991
Abstract The bone mineral density (BMD) of the calcaneus was measured utilizing a single energy photon absorption method in 108 women, aged 50–60 years. The women who participated in vigorous exercise two or more times a week or whose total physical activity amounted to 4 h a week had significantly higher BMD values than those who exercised less than two times a week or did less than 4 h physical activity a week. The physically active women also showed higher values for leg extension force and maximal oxygen uptake. BMD and leg extension force were positively correlated, whereas correlations between BMD and body mass, and the width of the calcaneus were negative. When other life-style varia…