Search results for "physicochemical"

showing 10 items of 67 documents

Thermomineral waters of Greece: geochemical characterization

2020

75 °C). In terms of pH most results vary from 5.5 to 823 °C) ii) warm (23 40 °C) iii) thermal (40 75 °C) and iv) hyperthermal (&gtfew springs show either very low pH (&lt10) proposing serpentinization processes. Regarding TDS concentrations collected waters can be subdivided into low salinity (up to 1.5 g/L) brackish (up to 20 g/L) and saline (up to 43 g/L). The medium high salinities can be justified by mixing with sea water and/or strong waterrock interaction processes. Isotope composition of O and H ranges from 12.7 to +2.7 ‰ SMOW and from 91 to +12 ‰ SMOW respectively and is generally comprised between the Global Meteoric Water Line and the East Mediterranean Meteoric Water Line. Only few water samples show a positive shift for δ18O possibly related to high temperature waterrock interaction processes. Carbon dioxide (18 997000 μmol/mol) or N2 (1100 989000 μmol/mol) or CH4 (&ltMany geothermal areas of Greece are located in regions affected by Miocene or Quaternary volcanism and in continental basins characterised by elevated heat flow. Moreover the majority of them is found along the coast as well as in islands of the Aegean Sea and thus thermal water is often brackish to saline due to marine intrusion into costal aquifer. In the present study almost 300 thermal and cold mineral water samples were collected along the Hellenic territory with their physicochemical parameters (temperature pH electrical conductivity and Eh) and the amount of bicarbonates (titration with 0.1N HCl) being determined in situ. Additionally gases found either in free or dissolved phase were sampled. Both water and gas samples were analysed at the INGVPa laboratories for major ions (Ion Chromatography) silica (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) chemical composition of free and dissolved gases (Gas Chromatography) water isotopes (O and H) and carbon and helium isotopes of free and dissolved gases (Mass Spectrometry). The temperature of the investigated waters ranges from 6.5 to 98°C pH from 1.96 to 11.98 whilst Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) from 0.06 to 43 g/L. Based on the temperature parameter waters can be divided into four groups: i) cold (&lt0.5 913000 μmol/mol) are the prevailing gas species found in the studied sites. The δ13CCO2 values ranged from 20.1 to +8.5 ‰ whilst the isotope ratio of He from 0.21 to 6.71 R/RA.4) suggesting interaction with H2Srich gases or very high pH values (&gtSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
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Physicochemical characterization of passive films on niobium by admittance and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies

2005

An analysis of the electronic properties of amorphous semiconductor-electrolyte junction is reported for thin (D ox < 20 nm) passive film grown on Nb in acidic electrolyte. It will be shown that the theory of amorphous semiconductor-electrolyte junction (a-SC/EI) both in the low band-bending and high band-bending regime is able to explain the admittance data of a-Nb 2 O 5 /El interface in a large range (10 Hz-10 kHz) of frequency and electrode potential values. A modelling of experimental EIS data at different potentials and in the frequency range of 0.1 Hz-100 kHz is presented based on the theory of amorphous semiconductor and compared with the results of the fitting of the admittance data…

AdmittanceChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringNiobiumAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementphysicochemical characterization; semiconductor-electrolyte junction; electrochemical impedance spectroscopyElectrolyteAmorphous solidDielectric spectroscopysemiconductor-electrolyte junctionelectrochemical impedance spectroscopySettore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica Applicataphysicochemical characterizationElectrochemistryDensity of statesElectrical impedanceElectrode potential
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Synergism between exposure to mercury and use of iodine supplements on thyroid hormones in pregnant women

2015

Objective: To evaluate the association between mercury exposure and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), total triiodothyronine (TT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels during pregnancy as well as to explore if there is any synergic action between mercury and intake of iodine from different sources. Methods: The study population was 1407 pregnant women participating in the Spanish INMA birth cohort study. Total mercury concentrations were analyzed in cord blood. Thyroid hormones (THs) were measured in serum samples collected at 13.2 +/- 1.5 weeks of gestation. The association between mercury and TH levels was evaluated with multivariate linear regression models. Effect modification caused by iod…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine systemendocrine system diseasesEndocrine disruptionFluoroimmunoassaychemistry.chemical_elementThyrotropinIodineBiochemistryCohort StudiesPregnancyInternal medicinePrenatal exposuremedicineHumansGeneral Environmental ScienceThyroidPregnancyTriiodothyronineSpectrophotometry AtomicThyroidEnvironmental ExposureMercurymedicine.diseaseFetal BloodMercury (element)Iodine supplementationThyroxineEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryAbsorption PhysicochemicalSpainDietary SupplementsGestationPopulation studyTriiodothyronineFemalehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsHormoneEnvironmental MonitoringIodine
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Nuevos datos sobre el uso de materia colorante durante el Neolítico antiguo en las comarcas centrales valencianas

2006

La caracterización mineralógica de materias colorantes procedentes de los yacimientos valencianos de la Cova de l'Or, la Cova de la Sarna y la Cova Fosca de la Vall d'Ebo demuestra el uso de dos tipos de materia colorante durante el Neolítico Antiguo: Hematites y Cinabrio. Las características y distribución geográfica de cada una de ellas nos remiten a dos estrategias distintas de obtención y. probablemente. de utilización de las mismas.

Ancient NeolithicprehistoriaAncient Neolithic; Physicochemical analyses; Haematites; Cinnabar Chaine Opératoirelcsh:Clcsh:ArchaeologyPhysicochemical analyseslcsh:CC1-960Cinnabar Chaine Opératoirelcsh:Auxiliary sciences of historyHaematitesSagvntum
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Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from Ephedra alata Stems: Structural Characterization, Functional Properties, and Antioxidant Activity

2020

In this study, the physicochemical characterization, functional properties, and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides extracted from Ephedra alata (EAP) were investigated. EAP were extracted in water during 3 h with a liquid/solid ratio of 5 in a water bath at 90 &deg

ArabinoseAntioxidant[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnologymedicine.medical_treatment[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]EphedraPharmaceutical Science02 engineering and technologyUronic acidAntioxidantsAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundphysicochemical characterizationDrug DiscoveryCarbohydrate ConformationSolubilitychemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesbiology<i>Ephedra alata</i>Plant StemsChemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyChemistry (miscellaneous)Molecular Medicine0210 nano-technologyEphedra alatafood.ingredienteducationEphedra alataPolysaccharideArticlelcsh:QD241-44103 medical and health sciencesfoodlcsh:Organic chemistryPolysaccharidesantioxidant activitiesmedicine[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAntihypertensive Agents030304 developmental biologyfunctional propertiesChromatographyFood additiveOrganic Chemistrybiology.organism_classificationSolubilityGluconic acid[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionMolecules
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Flos Tectorii degradation of mortars: An example of synergistic action between soluble salts and biodeteriogens

2015

Abstract The definition of Flos Tectorii, originally suggested by F.S. Brancato in the 1980s’ (Brancato, 1986), refers to a unique form of deterioration identified on both aerial and hydraulic mortars used in the external walls of historic and contemporary buildings. It is clearly recognizable due to the development of peculiar concentric (occasionally sub-circular) macroscopic forms. At present, there is still a lack of information about the full interpretation of this phenomenon regarding the interaction between the different physicochemical and biological factors that lead to this particular type of degradation. The present study was aimed to examine whether the specific mineralogical an…

ArcheologyEngineeringbiologyPhysicochemical deteriorationbusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Flos TectoriiMineralogyFlosConservationbiology.organism_classificationMineralogical compositionMortarBiodeteriorationChemistry (miscellaneous)Environmental chemistryDegradation (geology)MortarbusinessGeneral Economics Econometrics and FinanceSicilySpectroscopySettore GEO/09 -Georis. Miner.e Appl.Mineral.-Petrogr. per l'Ambi.ed i B.Cult.
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Halloysite-Based Bionanocomposites

2017

Scientific research has been invigorated by a new class of biodegradable materials as alternatives to polymers derived from fossils. Such biomaterials can also offer economic advantages because they are derived from renewable resources. Several biopolymers (gelatin, chitin, chitosan, starch, pectin, cellulose and its modified versions, etc.) have been exploited to produce films and formulations. Their use is limited because of fast degradation, predominant hydrophilic character, and, in some cases, unsatisfactory mechanical properties. However, the properties of these polymers can be improved by using inorganic fillers such as additives. Halloysite nanotube is a promising green filler for t…

BiopolymerMaterials scienceApplicationHalloysite nanotube02 engineering and technologySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organicaengineering.material010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesHalloysitePhysicochemical propertie0104 chemical sciencesBiopolymers halloysite nanotubes HNT-biopolymers nanocomposites physicochemical properties applicationsHNT-biopolymers nanocompositeChemical engineeringengineering0210 nano-technologySettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
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Obesity interferes with the orosensory detection of long-chain fatty acids in humans

2014

Background: The association between the orosensory detection of lipids, preference for fatty foods, and body mass index (BMI; in kg/m 2 ) is controversial in humans. Objective: We explored the oral lipid-sensing system and the orosensory-induced autonomic reflex system in lean and obese subjects. Design: Lean (BMI: 19 to ,25; n = 30) and obese (BMI .30; n = 29) age-matched men were enrolled. Their oral threshold sensitivity to linoleic acid (LA) was determined by using a 3-alternative forced-choice ascending procedure, and their eating habits were established by the analysis of 4 consecutive 24-h food-consumption diaries. The effect of brief oral lipid stimulations on plasma triglyceride [(…

Blood GlucoseMaleobesityChemical PhenomenaMESH : Insulin[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionCholesterol VLDLMedicine (miscellaneous)MESH: Food HabitsStimulationMESH: Energy IntakeMESH : TasteMESH : FastingBody Mass Indexchemistry.chemical_compoundMESH: Cholesterol VLDLMESH: Diet RecordsInsulinMESH: ObesityMESH : Physicochemical PhenomenaCompletely randomized designMESH : Food HabitsCross-Over StudiesMESH: Middle AgedMESH : Food PreferencesNutrition and DieteticsFastingMiddle AgedDiet RecordsMESH : TriglyceridesSensory ThresholdsTasteMESH : ObesityMESH: Triglyceridesmedicine.medical_specialtyMESH : MaleLinoleic acidMESH: FastingMESH: InsulinMESH: Cross-Over StudiesMESH: Body Mass IndexLinoleic AcidMESH : Diet RecordsFood PreferencesBMIMESH : Linoleic AcidInternal medicineAutonomic reflexmedicineHumansMESH : Middle AgedhumanMESH: Food PreferencesTriglyceridesMESH : Cholesterol VLDLMESH: Linoleic AcidMESH: HumansCholesterolbusiness.industryMESH : HumansMESH : Energy IntakeFeeding BehaviorMESH : Blood GlucoseMESH : Cross-Over Studiesmedicine.diseaseCrossover studyObesityMESH: Malefat taste[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionMESH: Physicochemical PhenomenaMESH : Body Mass IndexEndocrinologychemistryMESH: Blood GlucoseMESH: Tastefood preferenceMESH: Sensory ThresholdsEnergy Intakebusiness[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionBody mass indexMESH : Sensory ThresholdsThe American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
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Pulsed electric fields as an alternative to thermal processing for preservation of nutritive and physicochemical properties of beverages: A review

2017

Fruit juices and other beverages constitute an important source of bioactive compounds, but thermal processing may reduce their contents thus decreasing natural nutritive value of foods. This has been recently led to the use of non-thermal technologies, especially pulsed electric fields (PEF) as an interesting alternative to thermal pasteurization of beverages. Reported results show that PEF is a useful for pasteurization of fruit juices that can minimize changes in physicochemical and nutritional properties with retention of higher amounts of health-related phytochemicals. This study presents an overview of the effect of PEF on the physicochemical (e.g., Brix, pH, viscosity, acidity, color…

BrixbiologyChemistryGeneral Chemical Engineeringpulsed electric fields ; liquid foods ; physicochemical properties ; nutritional propertiesfood and beveragesPasteurization04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesFree aminobiology.organism_classification040401 food sciencelaw.inventionAntioxidant capacity0404 agricultural biotechnologylawFood scienceAromaFlavorFood ScienceJournal of Food Process Engineering
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When the functionalisation comes in useful: ionic liquids with a “sweet” appended moiety demonstrate drastically reduced toxicological effects

2020

The growing number of applications of ionic liquids (ILs) in industry have brought attention to the green credentials of synthesis, as well as their cytotoxicities and ecotoxicities both for their use and accidental leakage into the environment. With the abovementioned properties in mind, we designed a class of ILs with either cations bearing a gluconamide motif and aliphatic side chains or the anion incorporating a gluconic acid (derived from food waste) moiety. An IL with an imidazolium cation with an appended gluconic amide (bearing five hydroxyl groups) moiety was also synthesized for a useful comparison. Different structural features were considered, placing emphasis on the nature and …

CytotoxicityGeneral Chemical Engineeringphysicochemical properties02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesionic liquidschemistry.chemical_compoundSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beinggluconic acidEnvironmental ChemistryMoietyecotoxicityRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemistrySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaGeneral Chemistryionic liquids gluconic acid cytotoxicity ecotoxicity physicochemical properties021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCombinatorial chemistry0104 chemical sciencesCytotoxicity; ecotoxicity; gluconic acid; ionic liquids; physicochemical propertiesIonic liquidGluconic acidSurface modification/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_beingEcotoxicity0210 nano-technology
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