Search results for "pituitary"
showing 10 items of 238 documents
Expression analysis of neuroglobin mRNA in rodent tissues
2002
Neuroglobin is a respiratory protein which was reported to be preferentially expressed in the vertebrate brain. Here we present the first detailed analysis of the expression of neuroglobin in mouse and rat tissues. Neuroglobin mRNA was detected in all brain areas studied. Most, but not all, nerve cells were labeled, suggesting differential expression of Ngb. Neuroglobin mRNA was detected in the peripheral nervous system, explaining previous northern hybridization signals in organs other than the brain. Substantial neuroglobin expression was also found in metabolically active endocrine tissues such as the adrenal and pituitary glands. The granule localization of neuroglobin transcripts in va…
The evaluation of changes in maxillofacial bones using cone beam tomography in acromegaly
2022
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in craniofacial dimensions of newly diagnosed and untreated acromegaly patients, patients with non-functional pituitary adenoma and healthy individuals on Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 50 newly diagnosed acromegaly patients who did not receive any treatment for acromegaly were included in the study (Group A). Twenty patients with nonfunctional pituitary adenoma (Group B) and 30 healthy individuals were included (Group C). Linear, angular and volumetric measurements were performed. RESULTS: Mandibular length showed significant difference in acromegaly patients, and maxillar length statistically signifi…
Chronic exposure to glucocorticoids induces suboptimal decision-making in mice.
2021
AbstractAnxio-depressive symptoms as well as severe cognitive dysfunction including aberrant decision-making (DM) are documented in neuropsychiatric patients with hypercortisolaemia. Yet, the influence of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis on DM processes remains poorly understood. As a tractable mean to approach this human condition, adult male C57BL/6JRj mice were chronically treated with corticosterone (CORT) prior to behavioural, physiological and neurobiological evaluation. The behavioural data indicate that chronic CORT delays the acquisition of contingencies required to orient responding towards optimal DM performance in a mouse Gambling Task (mGT). Specifically, CORT-treat…
Diurnal variation of corticotropin-releasing factor binding sites in the rat brain and pituitary.
1996
1. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is thought to be involved in the regulation of the diurnal activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and to act as a neurotransmitter in the brain. To date it is unknown whether the binding sites of the central CRF system are subject to diurnal variations. 2. We measured the number of CRF binding sites over the course of a complete 24-hr light-dark cycle in the pituitary, amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), cingulate cortex, visceral cortex, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and locus ceruleus of rats by in vitro receptor autoradiography with iodinated ovine CRF. A 24-hr time course was also es…
MeCP2 haplodeficiency and early-life stress interaction on anxiety-like behavior in adolescent female mice
2021
Abstract Background Early-life stress can leave persistent epigenetic marks that may modulate vulnerability to psychiatric conditions later in life, including anxiety, depression and stress-related disorders. These are complex disorders with both environmental and genetic influences contributing to their etiology. Methyl-CpG Binding Protein 2 (MeCP2) has been attributed a key role in the control of neuronal activity-dependent gene expression and is a master regulator of experience-dependent epigenetic programming. Moreover, mutations in the MECP2 gene are the primary cause of Rett syndrome and, to a lesser extent, of a range of other major neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we aim to study…
Effects of pasireotide treatment on coagulative profile: a prospective study in patients with Cushing's disease.
2018
Introduction: Cushing’s disease (CD) is characterized by procoagulative profile. Treatment with cortisol-reducing medications might normalize the coagulation impairment potentially eliminating the risk of thromboembolic complications. Aim: The aim of this prospective study is to evaluate the effectiveness of 6–12 months of treatment with pasireotide (Signifor®, Novartis) 600 µg twice daily on coagulative factors in 21 patients (16 females, mean age 46 ± 12.2 years) with CD. Biochemical, hormonal (urinary free cortisol, UFC; late night salivary cortisol, LNSC; ACTH) and coagulative parameters as Protrombin time (PT), aPTT, factors VIII, IX and XI, antithrombin III, protein C, protein S, fibr…
Hypogonadism in β-thalassemic adolescents: A characteristic pituitary-gonadal impairment. The ineffectiveness of long-term iron chelation therapy
1990
The pituitary-gonadal function was studied in 18 beta-thalassemic female adolescents, 8 with delayed puberty and 10 with primary amenorrhea,treated with repeated transfusions and long-term iron chelation therapy by subcutaneous infusion. A 100 micrograms gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) test, a double-bolus GnRH test after estradiol administration in non-responders, a 400 micrograms thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) test and a 'high dose' human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) test were performed. LH and FSH peak levels were significantly lower in thalassemic patients than in controls, both in the 100 micrograms GnRH test (LH was 4.3 +/- 0.7 mIU/ml vs 40.8 +/- 6.0 mIU/ml and FSH 3.3 +/-…
Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the orthognathic quality of life questionnaire in patients with dentofacial deformity
2021
Due to the lack of a specific quality of life (QoL) survey on dentofacial deformities (DFD) for Turkish speakers, the present research aimed to perform a translation of the English version of the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ) into Turkish (the OQLQ-TR) and provide cultural adaptation to the Turkish population. The process of this cross-cultural adaptation followed the six stages given in the guidelines that were proposed by Beaton et al. (2000), which comprised the following: 1) performing the initial translation, 2) synthesizing the translation, 3) performing the back translation, 4) presenting it to the expert committee, and 5) testing the prefinal version. Throughout …
Neuroendocrine responses in neonatal mother-deprived rabbits.
2009
To study both short- and long-term adaptation mechanisms activated by rabbits which were separated from their mothers (DLS) for 48 h between postnatal days 9 and 11, we examined plasma corticosterone concentrations before, during, and after DLS as well as the expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the hippocampus and the adrenal axis responses to a mild stress stimuli or exogenous ACTH injection. At postnatal day 10, plasma corticosterone concentration of DLS rabbits was similar to that of controls, but rose two-fold at day 11 (17.7 + or - 1.3 vs. 9.3 + or - 1.2 microg/dl, P0.01) and then decreased at day 12, when suckling was allowed again, to match those of controls with no differe…
Intracranial pathology of the visual pathway.
2004
Intracranial pathologies involving the visual pathway are manifold. Aligning to anatomy, the most frequent and/or most important extrinsic and intrinsic intracranial lesions are presented. Clinical symptoms and imaging characteristics of lesions of the sellar region are demonstrated in different imaging modalities. The extrinsic lesions mainly consist of pituitary adenomas, meningeomas, craniopharyngeomas and chordomas. In (asymptomatic and symptomatic) aneurysms, different neurological symptoms depend on the location of aneurysms of the circle of Willis. Intrinsic tumors as astrocytoma of any grade, ependymoma and primary CNS-lymphoma require the main pathology in the course of the visual …