Search results for "pituitary"
showing 10 items of 238 documents
The effect of exposure to radiofrequency fields on cancer risk in the general and working population: A protocol for a systematic review of human obs…
2021
Highlights • RF-EMF was classified by IARC as possibly carcinogenic to humans (2B) in May 2011 • A systematic review of all subject-relevant epidemiological studies is now needed. • A detailed protocol ensures the review's transparency, utility and credibility. • Original study validity will be evaluated with a customized OHAT risk of bias tool. • Internal coherence and external plausibility will inform conclusions.
Long-term treatment of acromegaly with the somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 over 6 months.
1986
This study examined the effects of the long-acting selective mini somatostatin analogue (SMS) 201-995 in two acromegalic patients who were treated for 3 and 6 months, respectively. During treatment the mean growth hormone levels (25.3 and 20.8 ng/ml vs 5.9 and 10.6 ng/ml) and somatomedin C levels (6.2 and 6.2 IU/ml vs 3.3 and 3.8 IU/ml) decreased and the patients reported an improvement in their symptoms. The main side effect was an increase in stool fat excretion which did exceed the normal range (less than 7 g/day) in one patient. Five acromegalics who received 2 X 50 micrograms SMS 201-995/day for 5 days showed a significant increase of stool fat excretion (1.7 vs 3.5 g/day; p less than …
Androgenic-anabolic steroid effects on serum thyroid, pituitary and steroid hormones in athletes.
1987
Endocrine responses in seven power athletes were investigated during a 12 week strength training period, when the athletes were taking high doses of androgenic-anabolic steroids, and during the 13 weeks following drug withdrawal. During the use of steroids significant decreases (P less than 0.05 to 0.001) in the serum concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroxine, triidothyronine, free thyroxine, and thyroid hormone-binding globulin (TBG) were found, whereas the value of triidothyronine uptake increased (P less than 0.001). In relation to the changes in the thyroid function parameters measured, we suggest that the primary target of androgen action was TBG biosynthesis. In five of…
Age-related accumulation of congophilic fibrillar inclusions in endocrine cells
1991
Intracellular fibrillar congophilic inclusions are well known as neurofibrillary tangles in neurons and as Biondi bodies in choroid plexus epithelial cells. Recently similar amyloid-like inclusions in adrenal cortical cells were described (Eriksson and Westermark 1990). This study on 150 adrenal glands confirms these observations. In our material the age-related accumulation of congophilic inclusions starts earlier (in the sixth decade) and reaches a higher incidence (42.7%). We found similar intracellular inclusions in other endocrine organs, for example in the anterior lobe of the pituitary, in the cells of parathyroid glands and in Sertoli cells. The age-related incidence of these fibril…
Cortisol and the aging brain: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and cognitive performance in older people.
2015
One of the greatest achievements in modern society is the increase in life expectancy. This increment is so great that children born after 2011 have a one in three chance of reaching their 100th birthday, and specifically in Europe, a quarter of the population will be over 60 years of age by 2020 (European Commission, 2014). This is an important change in society that is occurring for the first time in human history and producing new challenges that need to be addressed, especially those concerning age-related health problems. In this regard, one of the main aims of new research programs, such as Horizon 2020 in Europe, is to increase the possibilities of keeping older people healthy and in…
Developmental Changes and Daily Rhythm in Melatonin-Induced Inhibition of 3′,5′-Cyclic AMP Accumulation in the Rat Pituitary
1990
Melatonin's transduction mechanisms were investigated using in vitro cultured anterior hemipituitaries. Melatonin inhibited cAMP and 3',5'-cyclic GMP accumulation in neonatal rat anterior pituitary stimulated with LHRH. Maximal inhibitory effect was reached within 25 min and persisted for at least 20 min. Inhibition of cAMP accumulation is specific for melatonin because its analogs N-acetylserotonin and 5-methoxytryptamine are 1000 times less potent. Melatonin effect is age- and time-dependent. Marked inhibition was observed in 5-, 10-, and 14-day-old rats but not in 29-day-old ones. Melatonin was significantly more potent when applied at the end of the light period as compared with the fir…
Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Series of Agonist Compounds as Potential Radiopharmaceuticals for Imaging Dopamine D-2/3 Receptors in Their…
2014
Imaging of dopamine D2/3 receptors (D2/3R) can shed light on the nature of several neuropsychiatric disorders in which dysregulation of D2/3R signaling is involved. Agonist D2/3 tracers for PET/SPECT imaging are considered to be superior to antagonists because they are more sensitive to dopamine concentrations and may selectively label the high-affinity receptor state. Carbon-11-labeled D2/3R agonists have been developed, but these short-lived tracers can be used only in centers with a cyclotron. Here, we report the development of a series of novel D2R agonist compounds based on the 2-aminomethylchromane (AMC) scaffold that provides ample opportunities for the introduction of longer-lived […
Modulation by fenoldopam (SKF 82526) and bromocriptine of the electrically evoked release of vasopressin from the rat neurohypophysis. Effects of dop…
1986
1. Single neurointermediate lobes were fixed by their stalks to a platinum wire electrode and incubated in Krebs-bicarbonate solution. Vasopressin release into the medium was determined by a radioimmunoassay. Vasopressin secretion was increased by electrical stimulation (15 Hz, 10 s trains with 10 s intervals for 10 min). 2. Fenoldopam (SKF 82526) had a dual effect on vasopressin release, 30 nM decreasing (by 30%) and 3 μM increasing (by 32%) the evoked vasopressin secretion. The facilitatory effect of fenoldopam was antagonized in a concentration-dependent manner by flupenthixol but not by sulpiride. Sulpiride (1 μM) prevented the inhibitory effect of fenoldopam (30 μM). 3. After pretreatm…
Personality and Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis in Older Men and Women
2020
Personality has been related to health and mortality risk, which has created interest in the biological pathways that could explain this relationship. Although a dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been associated with health outcomes and aging, few studies have explored the association between personality and HPA axis functioning in older adults. In addition, it has been suggested that sex could moderate the relationship between personality and HPA axis functioning. Thus, our aim was to analyze the relationship between the big five personality traits and the diurnal cortisol pattern in older adults, as well as sex differences in this relationship. To do so, 7…
Interoceptive Abilities in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Irritable Bowel Syndrome
2020
International audience; Alexithymia is usually described by three main dimensions difficulty identifying feelings (DIF), difficulty describing feelings (DDF), and externally oriented thinking (EOT). The most commonly used questionnaire investigating alexithymia, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), supports this three-factor structure. One important assumption is that alexithymia severity is associated to vulnerability to somatic diseases, among them gastrointestinal disorders. However, the association between alexithymia and gastrointestinal disorders is not systematic, thus questioning the role of alexithymia as a vulnerability factor for those illnesses. A recent factor analysis sugge…