Search results for "plague"
showing 10 items of 47 documents
Dental disease and dietary isotopes of individuals from St Gertrude Church cemetery, Riga, Latvia.
2018
This research explores oral health indicators and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data to explore diet, and differences in diet, between people buried in the four different contexts of the St Gertrude Church cemetery (15th– 17th centuries AD): the general cemetery, two mass graves, and a collective mass burial pit within the general cemetery. The main aim is to assess whether people buried in the mass graves were rural immigrants, or if they were more likely to be the victims of plague (or another epidemic) who lived in Riga and its suburbs. The data produced (from dental disease assessments and isotope analyses) were compared within, as well as between, the contexts. Most differences em…
Lack of Cry1Fa binding to the midgut brush border membrane in a resistant colony of Plutella xylostella moths with a mutaton in the ABCC2 locus
2012
ABSTRACT Previous studies reported “mode 1” Bacillus thuringiensis resistance in a colony of diamondback moths (NO-QA), and recently, this resistance has been mapped to an ABC transporter ( ABCC2 ) locus. We report the lack of binding of Cry1Fa to insects derived from this colony and compare our data with those from other insects with ABCC2 -associated resistance.
Specific binding of radiolabeled Cry1Fa insecticidal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis to midgut sites in lepidopteran species
2012
ABSTRACT Cry1Fa insecticidal protein was successfully radiolabeled with 125 I-Na. Specific binding to brush border membrane vesicles was shown for the lepidopteran species Ostrinia nubilalis , Spodoptera frugiperda , Spodoptera exigua , Helicoverpa armigera , Heliothis virescens , and Plutella xylostella . Homologous competition assays were performed to obtain equilibrium binding parameters ( K d [dissociation constant] and R t [concentration of binding sites]) for these six insect species.
Vip3C, a novel class of vegetative insectidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis
2012
Three vip3 genes were identified in two Bacillus thuringiensis Spanish collections. Sequence analysis revealed a novel Vip3 protein class (Vip3C). Preliminary bioassays of larvae from 10 different lepidopteran species indicated that Vip3Ca3 caused more than 70% mortality in four species after 10 days at 4 οg/cm 2. © 2012, American Society for Microbiology.
Los efectos de la adversidad climática y sanitaria sobre la agricultura y la sociedad castellonense del siglo XVIII
2017
El presente artículo recurre a la microhistoria para analizar los archivos municipales de la Plana de Castelló, con el objetivo de obtener nuevas referencias sobre la evolución climática de la fachada mediterránea peninsular durante un periodo cronológico concreto: el siglo XVIII, enclavado en los estadios finales de la Pequeña Edad de Hielo. Con esta finalidad, se abordarán las principales sequías, precipitaciones extremas, plagas y epidemias acontecidas en la Plana de Castelló durante el Setecientos, y aquellos recursos, tanto religiosos como seculares, utilizados para prevenir, primero, y erradicar, después, las adversidades climáticas, biológicas y sanitarias. This paper discusses a mic…
Paleoclimate and bubonic plague: a forewarning of future risk?
2010
Background Human cases of plague (Yersinia pestis) infection originate, ultimately, in the bacterium's wildlife host populations. The epidemiological dynamics of the wildlife reservoir therefore determine the abundance, distribution and evolution of the pathogen, which in turn shape the frequency, distribution and virulence of human cases. Earlier studies have shown clear evidence of climatic forcing on contemporary plague abundance in rodents and humans. Results We find that high-resolution palaeoclimatic indices correlate with plague prevalence and population density in a major plague host species, the great gerbil (Rhombomys opimus), over 1949-1995. Climate-driven models trained on these…
Situación actual, problemas fitosanitarios y alternativas de manejo de la teca en Ecuador
2021
Tectona grandis L.f. (teca) es un recurso forestal con gran demanda internacional, que en Ecuador representa un importante ingreso que genera anualmente un aproximado de 37 millones de dólares. Sin embargo, en los últimos años se ha visto amenazado por un problema fitosanitario denominado 'muerte regresiva'. Con el objeto de determinar el perfil de los productores de teca y la incidencia de la enfermedad, se levantó información mediante una encuesta semiestructurada en 77 plantaciones, considerando los criterios de género, grupo étnico, rango de edad, nivel de educación, provincia y número de hectáreas. De entre los resultados obtenidos, resaltar que la edad de los entrevistados varía entre…
Medfly Ceratitis capitata as Potential Vector for Fire Blight Pathogen Erwinia amylovora: Survival and Transmission
2015
Monitoring the ability of bacterial plant pathogens to survive in insects is required for elucidating unknown aspects of their epidemiology and for designing appropriate control strategies. Erwinia amylovora is a plant pathogenic bacterium that causes fire blight, a devastating disease in apple and pear commercial orchards. Studies on fire blight spread by insects have mainly focused on pollinating agents, such as honeybees. However, the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly) Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae), one of the most damaging fruit pests worldwide, is also common in pome fruit orchards. The main objective of the study was to investigate whether E. amylovora can survive and be tra…
Élites campesinas en el entorno de la ciudad de Valencia: los Castrellenes
2017
This paper seeks to analyse economy of a well-to-do peasant family settled in the urban fringes of the city of Valencia, capital of the kingdom, in the first half of fifteenth Century. The death of the head of the family, due to the plague, made emerge the solidarity of the relatives, who took care of the orphans. Thanks to the memorial of rents we can assess the economic strategies of a wealthier peasant family, the importance of markets and the city and countryside relations.
Yersinia pestis DNA from Skeletal Remains from the 6th Century AD Reveals Insights into Justinianic Plague
2013
Yersinia pestis, the etiologic agent of the disease plague, has been implicated in three historical pandemics. These include the third pandemic of the 19th and 20th centuries, during which plague was spread around the world, and the second pandemic of the 14th–17th centuries, which included the infamous epidemic known as the Black Death. Previous studies have confirmed that Y. pestis caused these two more recent pandemics. However, a highly spirited debate still continues as to whether Y. pestis caused the so-called Justinianic Plague of the 6th–8th centuries AD. By analyzing ancient DNA in two independent ancient DNA laboratories, we confirmed unambiguously the presence of Y. pestis DNA in…