Search results for "plot"

A PC-based low cost impedance and gain-phase analyzer

2008

Abstract In this paper, we present a practical and inexpensive impedance/gain-phase analyzer (IGPA), which is very useful in the design of electronic circuits. This instrument allows the Bode diagram of any network or electronic circuit with an input and an output to be obtained, even though this implementation was not previously known. It can also obtain the module and phase diagrams of any impedance separately. The device under test (DUT) is connected to a personal computer (PC) via the parallel port by means of an electronic circuit implemented for this purpose. The results are shown on the screen of the PC and can be accessible for use in any further operation. The instrument operates i…

Population dynamic of the extinct European aurochs: genetic evidence of a north-south differentiation pattern and no evidence of post-glacial expansi…

2010

International audience; Abstract Background The aurochs ( Bos primigenius ) was a large bovine that ranged over almost the entirety of the Eurasian continent and North Africa. It is the wild ancestor of the modern cattle ( Bos taurus ), and went extinct in 1627 probably as a consequence of human hunting and the progressive reduction of its habitat. To investigate in detail the genetic history of this species and to compare the population dynamics in different European areas, we analysed Bos primigenius remains from various sites across Italy. Results Fourteen samples provided ancient DNA fragments from the mitochondrial hypervariable region. Our data, jointly analysed with previously publis…

Modelling aspects of forest decline in Germany: II. Application and validation of an integrated soil-plant-model

1998

Abstract In 1993 the German Federal Environmental Agency initiated a project to evaluate the forest decline research of the period 1982–1992 in Germany. The soil-plant-model PLOT applied here was developed to integrate the research results. It consists of a soil module, BODEN, and a plant module. FICHTE, which both include several submodels. For validation of submodels, modules, and the whole model, a stepwise procedure was chosen and parts will be presented here. Focussing on soil processes and nutritional aspects, the model performance as well as the applicability range and limits are shown. The underlying cause-effect-relationships and the theoretical aspects of the modelling exercise ar…

A legacy of contrasting spatial genetic structure on either side of the Atlantic-Mediterranean transition zone in a marine protist

2012

The mechanisms that underpin the varied spatial genetic structures exhibited by free-living marine microorganisms remain controversial, with most studies emphasizing a high dispersal capability that should redistribute genetic diversity in contrast to most macroorganisms whose populations often retain a genetic signature of demographic response to historic climate fluctuations. We quantified the European phylogeographic structure of the marine flagellate Oxyrrhis marina and found a marked difference in spatial genetic structure, population demography, and genetic diversity between the northwest Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea that reflects the persistent separation of these regions as well …

Lymnaea schirazensis, an Overlooked Snail Distorting Fascioliasis Data: Genotype, Phenotype, Ecology, Worldwide Spread, Susceptibility, Applicability

2011

BackgroundLymnaeid snails transmit medical and veterinary important trematodiases, mainly fascioliasis. Vector specificity of fasciolid parasites defines disease distribution and characteristics. Different lymnaeid species appear linked to different transmission and epidemiological patterns. Pronounced susceptibility differences to absolute resistance have been described among lymnaeid populations. When assessing disease characteristics in different endemic areas, unexpected results were obtained in studies on lymnaeid susceptibility to Fasciola. We undertook studies to understand this disease transmission heterogeneity.Methodology/principal findingsA ten-year study in Iran, Egypt, Spain, t…

La izquierda real en Florencia

2002

The genetic prehistory of domesticated cattle from their origin to the spread across Europe.

2014

Background Cattle domestication started in the 9th millennium BC in Southwest Asia. Domesticated cattle were then introduced into Europe during the Neolithic transition. However, the scarcity of palaeogenetic data from the first European domesticated cattle still inhibits the accurate reconstruction of their early demography. In this study, mitochondrial DNA from 193 ancient and 597 modern domesticated cattle (Bos taurus) from sites across Europe, Western Anatolia and Iran were analysed to provide insight into the Neolithic dispersal process and the role of the local European aurochs population during cattle domestication. Results Using descriptive summary statistics and serial coalescent s…

A NEW VERSION OF THE USLE-MM FOR PREDICTING BARE PLOT SOIL LOSS AT THE SPARACIA (SOUTH ITALY) EXPERIMENTAL SITE

2015

Improving empirical prediction of plot soil erosion at the event temporal scale has both scientific and practical importance. In this investigation, 492 runoff and soil loss data from plots of different length,  (11 <  < 44 m), and steepness, s (14.9 < s < 26.0%), established at the Sparacia experimental station, in Sicily, south Italy, were used to derive a new version of USLE-MM model, by only assuming a value of one for the topographic length, L, and steepness, S, factors for  = 22 m and s = 9%, respectively. An erosivity index equal to (QREI30)b1, QR and EI30 being the runoff coefficient and the event rainfall erosivity index, respectively, with b1 > 1 was found to be …

Phylogeography of a Habitat Specialist with High Dispersal Capability: The Savi’s Warbler Locustella luscinioides

2012

In order to describe the influence of Pleistocene glaciations on the genetic structure and demography of a highly mobile, but specialized, passerine, the Savi's Warbler (Locustella luscinioides), mitochondrial DNA sequences (ND2) and microsatellites were analysed in c.330 individuals of 17 breeding and two wintering populations. Phylogenetic, population genetics and coalescent methods were used to describe the genetic structure, determine the timing of the major splits and model the demography of populations. Savi's Warblers split from its sister species c.8 million years ago and have two major haplotype groups that diverged in the early/middle Pleistocene. One of these clades originated in…

On the complexity of the Saccharomyces bayanus taxon: Hybridization and potential hybrid speciation

2014

Although the genus Saccharomyces has been thoroughly studied, some species in the genus has not yet been accurately resolved; an example is S. bayanus, a taxon that includes genetically diverse lineages of pure and hybrid strains. This diversity makes the assignation and classification of strains belonging to this species unclear and controversial. They have been subdivided by some authors into two varieties (bayanus and uvarum), which have been raised to the species level by others. In this work, we evaluate the complexity of 46 different strains included in the S. bayanus taxon by means of PCR-RFLP analysis and by sequencing of 34 gene regions and one mitochondrial gene. Using the sequenc…