Search results for "polarization."

showing 10 items of 1842 documents

Imbalanced Job Polarization and Skills Mismatch in Europe

2016

Abstract This paper considers the education of the labour force based on an analysis of trends in and the relationships between job polarization and skills mismatch. Both job polarization and skills mismatch have become topics of increasing interest, but relationships between the two have been relatively neglected in the literature. We argue that the relationship between polarization and skills mismatch is an empirical matter, which we analyse at both the macroeconomic and microeconomic level in European countries. A novel job polarization index (JPI) is proposed to measure imbalanced job polarization. It takes into account not only the change in the share of medium-level jobs, as is typica…

Labour economicsFrankreichSlowenienSchweizEconometricsEconomicsEstlandÖsterreich050207 economicsBerufsstrukturNorwegenBelgienPolenKroatien05 social sciencesDänemark050301 educationReverse effectLettlandRumänienBundesrepublik DeutschlandFinancial crisisUngarnEuropaArbeitskräfteangebotSlowakeiOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource ManagementEconomics and EconometricsLitauenItalienIslandQualifikationsstruktur0502 economics and businessddc:330LuxemburgQualifikationsanforderungenNiederlandeIrlandSpanienPortugalPolarization (politics)Tschechische RepublikGriechenlandÜberqualifikationFinnlandUnterqualifikationArbeitskräftenachfrageIndustrial relationsMixed effectsNormativemismatch - internationaler Vergleich0503 educationSchwedenJournal for Labour Market Research
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Interface-Assisted Sign Inversion of Magnetoresistance in Spin Valves Based on Novel Lanthanide Quinoline Molecules

2018

Molecules are proposed to be an efficient medium to host spin-polarized carriers, due to their weak spin relaxation mechanisms. While relatively long spin lifetimes are measured in molecular devices, the most promising route toward device functionalization is to use the chemical versatility of molecules to achieve a deterministic control and manipulation of the electron spin. Here, by combining magnetotransport experiments with element-specific X-ray absorption spectroscopy, this study shows the ability of molecules to modify spin-dependent properties at the interface level via metal–molecule hybridization pathways. In particular, it is described how the formation of hybrid states determine…

LanthanideMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsMagnetoresistanceSpin polarizationAbsorption spectroscopySpin valve02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBiomaterials0103 physical sciencesElectrochemistryMoleculeSurface modificationCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons010306 general physics0210 nano-technologySpin (physics)Materials
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Comments on 'formation and characterization of nanotubes of La(OH) 3 obtained using porous alumina membranes'

2010

New experimental evidence concerning the formation of La(OH)3 nanowires on anodic alumina membranes by cathodic polarization in 0.05 M lanthanum nitrate solution is provided to further support the conclusions previously reached in our work (Bocchetta et al 2007 Electrochem. Commun. 9 683-8) and recently criticized by González-Rovira et al (Nanotechnology 2008 19 495305). Some unconvincing aspects of the paper of González-Rovira et al, according to which the same electrochemical process should lead to the formation of hydroxycarbonate nanotubes, are also discussed.

Lanthanum nitrateMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringAlumina membranesNanowireBioengineeringNanotechnologyCathodic polarizationGeneral ChemistryElectrochemistryAnodeCharacterization (materials science)Settore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicataChemical engineeringLa(OH)3 nanowireelectrogeneration of base anodic alumina membraneMechanics of MaterialsAnodic alumina membranes Electrochemical process Experimental evidence Hydroxy carbonates Lanthanum nitrates Porous alumina membranesGeneral Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPorosity
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Probing Lorentz invariance and other fundamental symmetries in3He/129Xe clock-comparison experiments

2011

We discuss the design and performance of a very sensitive low-field magnetometer based on the detection of free spin precession of gaseous, nuclear polarized 3He or 129Xe samples with a SQUID as magnetic flux detector. Characteristic spin precession times T*2 of up to 60 h were measured in low magnetic fields (about 1μT) and in the regime of motional narrowing. With the detection of the free precession of co-located 3He/129Xe nuclear spins (clock comparison), the device can be used as ultra-sensitive probe for non-magnetic spin interactions, since the magnetic dipole interaction (Zeeman-term) drops out in the weighted frequency difference, i.e., Δω = ωHe− γHe/γXe·ωXe. We report on searches …

Larmor precessionPhysicsHistorySpin polarizationLorentz covarianceComputer Science ApplicationsEducationMagnetic fieldThomas precessionClassical mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsPrecessionSpin (physics)Magnetic dipoleJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Generation of Structured Light via Nano Structures and Applications

2020

The generation of structured light by means of metasurfaces is presented and the applications in the characterizations of polarization rotation and Pancharatnam-Berry phase are discussed.

Laser beams Measurement by laser beam Extraterrestrial measurements Nanostructures Orbits Phase measurement Rotation measurementMaterials scienceNanostructurebusiness.industryPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)Settore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica01 natural sciences010309 opticsVIA Nano0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessLaser beamsStructured lightConference on Lasers and Electro-Optics
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Synthesis of Nanoparticles

2012

In this chapter I describe the synthetic methods for the particles used in this work. Initially bare gold nanorods are synthesized , which are used to investigate continuously the growth of bigger nanoparticles and the protein-membrane interaction on a single particle level . To reduce the single particle linewidth and therefore to increase the sensitivity on changes in the refractive index , these rods are coated with a thin silver shell . Another method to increase the sensitivity of nanoparticles is to produce hollow rod-shaped nanorattles, which were synthesized by Yuriy Khalavka . To investigate the polarization depend scattering spectra of different shapes with the RotPOL setup , diff…

Laser linewidthMaterials scienceChemical engineeringScatteringNanoparticleNanorodsense organsPolarization (waves)Refractive indexRodSilver nanoparticle
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Polar nanoregions in Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PMN): insights from a supercell approach

2011

Abstract We report construction of a model of polar nanoregions in the PMN relaxor ferroelectric based on first-principles lattice dynamics for chemically ordered supercells [S.A. Prosandeev et al., Phys. Rev. B 70, 134110 (2004)], combined with invariance under permutations and dipole-dipole interaction as a source supporting randomly oriented residual polarization. Representative analytical estimates of polar nanore-gion — supercell mapping reproduce both nonzero local and zero macroscopic polarization of the structure, as well as the temperature change of the supercell anisotropy at cooling and field cooling.

Lattice dynamicsPhysicsField coolingCondensed matter physicsPhysicsQC1-999ferroelectricsGeneral Physics and AstronomySupercellPolarization (waves)Condensed Matter::Materials SciencePolarResidual polarizationrelaxorsupercellsAnisotropyRelaxor ferroelectricOpen Physics
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Polarization tensors of planar domains as functions of the admittivity contrast

2014

(Electric) polarization tensors describe part of the leading order term of asymptotic voltage perturbations caused by low volume fraction inhomogeneities of the electrical properties of a medium. They depend on the geometry of the support of the inhomogeneities and on their admittivity contrast. Corresponding asymptotic formulas are of particular interest in the design of reconstruction algorithms for determining the locations and the material properties of inhomogeneities inside a body from measurements of current flows and associated voltage potentials on the body's surface. In this work we consider the two-dimensional case only and provide an analytic representation of the polarization t…

Leading-order termApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysis010103 numerical & computational mathematicsEllipsePolarization (waves)01 natural sciencesMathematics - Analysis of PDEsPlanarSimply connected spaceFOS: Mathematics35R30 65N21Tensor0101 mathematicsMaterial propertiesAnalysisAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)MathematicsVoltageApplicable Analysis
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Left-handed neutrino disappearance probe of neutrino mass and character

1996

We explore the sensitivity to a non vanishing neutrino mass offered by dynamical observables, i.e., branching ratios and polarizations. The longitudinal polarization in the C.M. frame decreases by a 4% for $D^+ \rightarrow \tau^+ \nu_\tau$ and $m_{\nu_\tau}=24$ MeV. Taking advantage of the fact that the polarization is a Lorentz variant quantity, we study the polarization effects in a boosted frame. By means of a neutrino beam, produced by a high velocity boosted parent able to flip the neutrino helicity, we find that an enhanced left-handed neutrino deficit, induced by a Wigner rotation, appears.

Left handedPhysicsParticle physicsLorentz transformationHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyWigner rotationFOS: Physical sciencesFísicaGeneral Physics and AstronomyObservableNeutrino beamPolarization (waves)HelicityNuclear physicssymbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)symbolsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrino
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Length Scale of the Spin Seebeck Effect

2015

We investigate the origin of the spin Seebeck effect in yttrium iron garnet (YIG) samples for film thicknesses from 20 nm to 50  μm at room temperature and 50 K. Our results reveal a characteristic increase of the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect amplitude with the thickness of the insulating ferrimagnetic YIG, which levels off at a critical thickness that increases with decreasing temperature. The observed behavior cannot be explained as an interface effect or by variations of the material parameters. Comparison to numerical simulations of thermal magnonic spin currents yields qualitative agreement for the thickness dependence resulting from the finite magnon propagation length. This allow…

Length scaleMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsSpin polarizationMagnonYttrium iron garnetGeneral Physics and Astronomypacs:72.25.-bCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrypacs:72.20.Papacs:75.40.GbSpin waveFerrimagnetismThermoelectric effectddc:530Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electronspacs:75.30.DsSpin-½Physical Review Letters
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