Search results for "polarization."

showing 10 items of 1842 documents

Mechanisms underlying the toxicity of lactone aroma compounds towards the producing yeast cells

2003

M. A G U E D O , L. B E N E Y , Y. W A C H EA N D J. - M. B E L I N. 2003. Aims: To study the fundamental mechanisms of toxicity of the fruity aroma compound c-decalactone, that lead to alterations in cell viability during its biotechnological production by yeast cells; Yarrowia lipolytica that is able to produce high amounts of this metabolite was used here as a model. Methods and Results: Lactone concentrations above 150 mg l )1 inhibited cell growth, depolarized the living cells and increased membrane fluidity. Infrared spectroscopic measurements revealed that the introduction of the lactone into model phospholipid bilayers, decreased the phase transition temperature. Moreover, the H + -…

MESH : YarrowiaMembrane FluidityMESH : Cell MembraneIntracellular pHMESH : Membrane FluidityYarrowiaFluorescence PolarizationApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMESH : PhospholipidsMembrane PotentialsCell membraneMESH : Spectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredLactonesMESH : Hydrogen-Ion ConcentrationSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredmedicineMembrane fluidityMESH : Membrane PotentialsViability assay[SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular BiologySpectroscopyPhospholipidsAdenosine TriphosphatasesMESH : Adenosine Triphosphatasesbiology[ SDV.BC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular BiologyCell growthCell MembraneYarrowiaGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion Concentrationbiology.organism_classificationBioproductionYeastMESH : Lactones[INFO.INFO-BT] Computer Science [cs]/Biotechnologymedicine.anatomical_structureBiochemistryFourier Transform InfraredMESH : Fluorescence Polarization[ INFO.INFO-BT ] Computer Science [cs]/BiotechnologyBiotechnologyJournal of Applied Microbiology
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Precise measurement of 1H 90° pulse in solid-state NMR spectroscopy for complex and heterogeneous molecular systems

2007

The 90 degrees pulse calibration is essential in NMR spectroscopy to prevent artefacts in the liquid state or to enhance cross-polarization efficiency in the solid state. We verified pulse-angle (PA) errors due to circuit impedances in solid-state NMR and suggested a possible solution to prevent the inconvenience of PA errors. The classic pulse sequences used to calibrate (1)H 90 degrees pulse lengths by direct detection of protons or by cross-polarization were modified in order to replace single (1)H pulses with (1)H pulse trains. Pulse trains were found to decrease the effect of PA imperfections in the calibration of basic pulses (i.e. 90 degrees and 180 degrees ) for a number of organic …

Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMagic angleChemistrySettore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaAnalytical chemistryReproducibility of ResultsNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryPulse (physics)Liquid stateSolid-state nuclear magnetic resonanceCalibrationCross polarization magic angle spinning NMR 1H 90° pulse Pulse calibration Circuit impedance Complex molecular systemsCalibrationSpectroscopyElectrical impedanceAnalytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
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Enantiospecific Response in Cross-Polarization Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Optically Active Metal Organic Frameworks.

2020

We report herein on a NMR-based enantiospecific response for a family of optically active metal-organic frameworks. Cross-polarization of the 1H-13C couple was performed, and the intensities of the 13C nuclei NMR signals were measured to be different for the two enantiomers. In a direct-pulse experiment, which prevents cross-polarization, the intensity difference of the 13C NMR signals of the two nanostructured enantiomers vanished. This result is due to changes of the nuclear spin relaxation times due to the electron spin spatial asymmetry induced by chemical bond polarization involving a chiral center. These experiments put forward on firm ground that the chiral-induced spin selectivity e…

Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyOptical Phenomenamedia_common.quotation_subject010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryAsymmetryCatalysisColloid and Surface ChemistryPolarization (electrochemistry)Spin (physics)QuantumMetal-Organic Frameworksmedia_commonChemistryCircular DichroismRelaxation (NMR)General ChemistryCarbon-13 NMRMetal Organic FrameworkNMR0104 chemical sciencesChemical bondSolid-state nuclear magnetic resonanceChemical physicsSettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Rotational Correlation Functions of Single Molecules

2004

Single molecule rotational correlation functions are analyzed for several reorientation geometries. Even for the simplest model of isotropic rotational diffusion our findings predict non-exponential correlation functions to be observed by polarization sensitive single molecule fluorescence microscopy. This may have a deep impact on interpreting the results of molecular reorientation measurements in heterogeneous environments.

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopygenetic structuresPolymersGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesMolecular physicsModels Biologicalbehavioral disciplines and activitiesDiffusionMolecular dynamicsNuclear magnetic resonanceMoleculeColloidsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsIsotropyRotational diffusionProteinsDichroismPolarization (waves)Single-molecule experimentCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterMicroscopy FluorescenceModels ChemicalExcited stateAnisotropyOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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Photoinduced magnetization wave in diluted magnetic semiconductors

2006

We derive an evolutional equation incorporating the processes of spin-polarization transfer from an electron to a magnetic ion subsystem of a diluted magnetic semiconductor along with spin-lattice relaxation and spatial spin diffusion. Above equation has been obtained for nonequilibrium magnetization due to exchange scattering of photoexcited charge carriers by magnetic ions. We show that the mechanism of a band gap narrowing due to exchange scattering requires relatively low optical power to reach an optical bistability for pump frequency range close to crystal band gap. In a bulk crystal, only relatively small local area with essential magnetization enhancement can absorb optical power, t…

Magnetic anisotropyMagnetizationCondensed matter physicsSpin polarizationMagnetismBand gapChemistryRelaxation (NMR)Magnetic semiconductorOrbital magnetizationSPIE Proceedings
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Magnetic state control via field-angle-selective switching in asymmetric rings

2020

Switching the chirality of the vortex state in asymmetric ferromagnetic rings is interesting for multistate memory devices, logic elements, and stray-field-based rotation sensors. This study shows that different magnetic states can be configured by carefully tuning the magnetic field angle. Using time-resolved scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis to image the magnetization dynamics of these rings, the authors detect competing switching pathways for certain field angles. These different pathways do not change the resulting magnetic states, though, which is advantageous for engineering reliable devices for a range of potential spintronic applications.

Magnetization dynamicsMaterials scienceSpintronicsCondensed matter physicsField (physics)530 PhysicsGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)530 Physik01 natural sciencesChirality (electromagnetism)Vortex stateMagnetic fieldFerromagnetism0103 physical sciences010306 general physics0210 nano-technology
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Spin orbit torque switching in Ta/CoFeB/MgO without longitudinal fields

2015

Intense investigations are carried out on novel magnetic materials systems with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), where new spin-orbit effects occur due to structural inversion asymmetry (SIA). So called spin-orbit torques (SOTs), have been observed for the first time in PMA nano-structures with SIA, when an electric current is injected [1-3], leading to ultra-efficient current-induced domain wall motion and current-induced magnetization switching [2,3].

MagnetizationMagnetic anisotropyMaterials scienceMagnetic domainCondensed matter physicsSpin polarizationDemagnetizing fieldMagnetic particle inspectionSingle domainMagnetic dipole2015 IEEE Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG)
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Real Time Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Detection of Fumarase Activity using Parahydrogen-Hyperpolarized [1-13C]fumarate

2019

Hyperpolarized fumarate can be used as a probe of real-time metabolism in vivo, using carbon-13 magnetic resonance imaging. Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization is commonly used to produce hyperpolarized fumarate, but a cheaper and faster alternative is to produce hyperpolarized fumarate via PHIP (parahydrogen induced polarization). In this work we trans-hydrogenate [1-13C]acetylene dicarboxylate with para-enriched hydrogen using a commercially available Ru catalyst in water to produce hyperpolarized [1-13C]fumarate. We show that fumarate is produced in 89% yield, with succinate as a side product in 11% yield. The proton polarization is converted into 13C magnetization using a constant …

Magnetizationchemistry.chemical_compoundProtonHydrogenchemistryAcetyleneYield (chemistry)chemistry.chemical_elementSpin isomers of hydrogenPhotochemistryPolarization (electrochemistry)Catalysis
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Total and linearly polarized synchrotron emission from overpressured magnetized relativistic jets

2018

We present relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) simulations of stationary overpressured magnetized relativistic jets, which are characterized by their dominant type of energy: internal, kinetic, or magnetic. Each model is threaded by a helical magnetic field with a pitch angle of 45° and features a series of recollimation shocks produced by the initial pressure mismatch, whose strength and number varies as a function of the dominant type of energy. We perform a study of the polarization signatures from these models by integrating the radiative transfer equations for synchrotron radiation using as inputs the RMHD solutions. These simulations show a top-down emission asymmetry produced by …

Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)active [Galaxies]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesgalaxies [Radio continuum]01 natural sciencesRadio continuum: galaxiesNuclear physicsAstrophysical jet0103 physical sciences010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)polarizationnumerical [Methods]Methods: numericalLinear polarizationAstronomy and AstrophysicsGalaxies: activePolarization (waves)Synchrotron emissionGalaxies: jetsSpace and Planetary Sciencejets [Galaxies]Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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Spin-orbital polarization of Majorana edge states in oxides nanowires

2020

We investigate a paradigmatic case of topological superconductivity in a one-dimensional nanowire with $d-$orbitals and a strong interplay of spin-orbital degrees of freedom due to the competition of orbital Rashba interaction, atomic spin-orbit coupling, and structural distortions. We demonstrate that the resulting electronic structure exhibits an orbital dependent magnetic anisotropy which affects the topological phase diagram and the character of the Majorana bound states (MBSs). The inspection of the electronic component of the MBSs reveals that the spin-orbital polarization generally occurs along the direction of the applied Zeeeman magnetic field, and transverse to the magnetic and or…

Majorana polarization oxides superconductivityFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electronssymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencesBound stateMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)010306 general physicsPhysicsZeeman effectCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Condensed Matter - Superconductivitysuperconductivity021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)Magnetic fieldMagnetic anisotropyMAJORANAoxidesDensity of statessymbolsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics0210 nano-technologyMajorana polarizationExcitation
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