Search results for "polarization."
showing 10 items of 1842 documents
The role of macrophages polarization in predicting prognosis of radically resected gastric cancer patients
2013
Tumour-associated Macrophages (TAM) present two different polarizations: classical (M1) characterized by immunostimulation activity and tumour suppression; alternative (M2) characterized by tumour promotion and immune suppression. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the correlation between the two forms of TAM with survival time in radically resected gastric cancer patients. A total of 52 chemo- and radio- naive patients were included. Two slides were prepared for each patient and double-stained for CD68/NOS2 (M1) or CD68/CD163 (M2) and five representative high-power fields per slide were evaluated for TAM count. The median value of the two macrophage populations density and the media…
Depolarization-induced influx of sodium in response to phenylephrine in rat atrial heart muscle.
1991
1. The effects of alpha 1-adrenoceptor stimulation on transmembrane potential, currents and ion fluxes were investigated in multicellular preparations and/or single cells obtained from the left atrium of rat hearts. 2. In multicellular preparations, phenylephrine caused a concentration-dependent positive inotropic effect, an increase in action potential duration, and a decrease in resting potential; the effects were antagonized by phentolamine. 3. In the presence of phenylephrine (100 mumol/1), two levels of resting potential were observed when the preparations were, alternately, electrically stimulated or kept at rest (-74 +/- 1 mV during activity and -62 +/- 4 mV at rest; mean +/- S.E.M.;…
Calcium and increase excitability promote tolerance against anoxia in hippocampal slices.
1999
We have previously demonstrated that anoxic preconditioning (APC) protects against a subsequent otherwise 'lethal' anoxic insult in hippocampal slices. Tested here are two hypotheses: (a) APC requires calcium to improve electrical recovery in hippocampal slices; and (b) mild excitation promotes preconditioning neuroprotection. Control hippocampal slices were given a single 'test' anoxic insult followed by reoxygenation. Experimental slices were preconditioned by three short anoxic insults of 1 min separated by 10 min of reoxygenation. At 30 min after the third 'conditioning' insult, slices underwent a 'test' anoxic insult [1 min of anoxic depolarization (AD)], and then slices were reoxygena…
Photoinduced mass transfer in amorphous As 2 S 3 films
2011
The surface relief grating formation in amorphous As2S3 films strongly depends on the polarization state of recording beams. The surface relief grating formation efficiency of s-s and p-p recording beam combination can be essentially enhanced by additional illumination with orthogonal polarization. It is shown that the direction of mass transport on the film surface is determined by the direction of light electric vector (© 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electrodialysis with asymmetrically profiled membranes: Influence of profiles geometry on desalination performance and limiting current phenomena
2021
Abstract Electrodialysis (ED) has recently gained much attention in the wide field of desalination and water treatment. However, energy consumption and capital costs may impair the process competitiveness. In this regard, limiting current density (LCD) and current efficiency (η) are key performance parameters for optimized ED systems. In this work, an experimental campaign was carried out characterizing the performance of ED stacks when adopting asymmetrically profiled membranes. Current–voltage curves were recorded under different operating conditions mimicking the operation of brackish water or seawater desalination units. Results showed that there was a preferable direction of the electr…
The corrosion and tribocorrosion resistance of PEO composite coatings containing α-Al2O3 particles on 7075 Al alloy
2018
Abstract Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of 7075 Al alloy was carried out in silicate base electrolyte containing 200 nm diameter α-Al2O3 particles for producing composite coatings. The process was performed under a soft-sparking regime using a pulsed bipolar signal with several concentrations of α-Al2O3 particles. It was found that the incorporation of α-Al2O3 particles into the coating did not significantly alter the thickness and roughness of the coating. However, the α-Al2O3 particles were detected on surface of the composite coatings. Corrosion tests showed significant improvement in corrosion performance of the composite coatings due to the efficient pore blocking provided by α-Al…
Comparison of conventional and dense dispersion managed systems for 160 Gb/s transmissions
2006
International audience; In this paper, we carry out, by numerical simulations and experiments on recirculating loop.. a comparative analysis of the performances of two types of dispersion management techniques for 160 Gb/s transmission systems, which correspond to short-period dispersion maps (dense dispersion management) and long-period dispersion maps (conventional dispersion management), respectively. We show that the dense dispersion management system suffers performance degradation by the effects of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and fiber splicing losses, in a more dramatic manner than in the system with long-period map. We experimentally find that, at constant PMD, dense dispersi…
Dynamics of Singlet Oxygen Molecule Trapped in Silica Glass Studied by Luminescence Polarization Anisotropy and Density Functional Theory
2020
The support from M-ERANET project “MyND” is acknowledged. A.A., M.M-S., and L.R. were supported by the Research Council of Lithuania (Grant M-ERA.NET-1/2015). The authors thank A. Pasquarello for providing the structures of the amorphous SiO 2 matrix for our computational work and K. Kajihara (Tokyo Metropolitan University) for valuable advice in PL kinetics measurements.
Modulating the polarization of broadband terahertz pulses from a spintronic emitter at rates up to 10 kHz
2021
Reliable modulation of terahertz electromagnetic waveforms is important for many applications. Here, we rapidly modulate the direction of the electric field of linearly polarized terahertz electromagnetic pulses with 1–30 THz bandwidth by applying time-dependent magnetic fields to a spintronic terahertz emitter. Polarity modulation of the terahertz field with more than 99% contrast at a rate of 10 kHz is achieved using a harmonic magnetic field. By adding a static magnetic field, we modulate the direction of the terahertz field between angles of, for instance, −53° and 53° at kilohertz rates. We believe our approach makes spintronic terahertz emitters a promising source for low-noise modula…
Conductivities and silver electrode polarization resistance of solid electrolyte ceramics from ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 powder synthesized in air plasma
1998
Ceramic specimens have been obtained from the powder of ZrO2-7.5 mol% Y2O3 having a specific surface area of 30 m2/g synthesized in air plasma. The novelty of this research lies in the fact that the plasma process makes it possible to prepare so-called nanopowders with a particle size less than 100 nm, possessing specific physical, chemical and technological properties. The sintered density of the specimens was 94–96% of the theoretical value, 6.001 g/cm3. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the specimens corresponded to a face-centered cubic lattice. Impedance in the frequency range of 100 Hz–15 MHz and d.c. polarization curves in a potential range of −10 to 10 mV were measured in the tempera…