Search results for "polymers"

showing 10 items of 3567 documents

Synthesis of Amphiphilic Block Copolypept(o)ides by Bifunctional Initiators: Making PeptoMicelles Redox Sensitive.

2015

In this work, the synthesis of polypeptoid-block-polypeptide copolymers (block copolypept(o)ides) based on bifunctional initiators is described, which introduces a distinct chemical entity at the connection between both blocks. With a view towards redox-sensitive block copolypept(o)ides, a cystamine-based initiator was used to synthesize polysarcosine macroinitiators with degrees of polymerization (Xn) between 100 and 200 displaying monomodal molecular weight distributions and dispersities (Đ) around 1.1 as determined by size exclusion chromatography. Block copolypept(o)ides with a poly(γ-t-butyloxycarbonyl-L-glutamate) (PGlu(O(t) Bu)) block (Xn = 25 or 50) were synthesized by controlled N-…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistrySize-exclusion chromatographyMicellechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolymerizationCystamineBlock (telecommunications)Polymer chemistryAmphiphileMaterials ChemistryCopolymerBifunctionalPeptidesMicellesMacromolecular rapid communications
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Critical Micelle Concentration of Micelles with Different Geometries in Diblock Copolymer/Homopolymer Blends

2011

Summary In this paper, we have investigated the shape transition ofanisolatedmicelleformedintheAB-diblockcopolymerandA-homopolymer blends. SCFT has been employed tocompute the CMC for three different morphologies:lamellar, cylindrical and spherical. By comparing theCMC for different shapes, we can determine the preferredmicelle geometry. Several factors can influence the micellemorphology,andwehaveexploredtheeffectsofthediblockasymmetry, the homopolymer/copolymer length ratio andthe monomer–monomer interaction, on the micelle shapetransitions. It is found the micelle undergoes a sequenceof shape transitions, lamellar ! cylindrical ! spherical,when the A-block of the copolymer becomes longer.…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryThermodynamicsCondensed Matter PhysicsMicelleInorganic ChemistrySolventCritical micelle concentrationPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCopolymerLamellar structureScalingMacromolecular Theory and Simulations
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Rheology of a Lower Critical Solution Temperature Binary Polymer Blend in the Homogeneous, Phase-Separated, and Transitional Regimes

1996

Small amplitude oscillatory shear rheology is employed in order to investigate the linear viscoelastic behavior of the lower critical solution temperature blend polystyrene/poly(vinyl methyl ether), PS/PVME, as a function of temperature and composition. At low temperatures, where the mixture is homogeneous, the dependence of the zero shear viscosity (η0) on concentration is measured and is well-described by means of a new mixing rule, based on surface fractions instead of volume fractions. Shift factors from time-temperature superposition (TTS) exhibit a Williams−Landel−Ferry (WLF) behavior. As the macrophase separation temperature is approached (the phase diagram being established by turbi…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryThermodynamicsDynamic mechanical analysisLower critical solution temperatureViscoelasticityInorganic ChemistryViscosityRheologyPhase (matter)Polymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryPolymer blendPhase diagramMacromolecules
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Effect of CTBN rubber inclusions on the curing kinetic of DGEBA–DGEBF epoxy resin

2003

Abstract The curing kinetics of an epoxy resin matrix, based on diglycil ether of bisphenol A and F (DGEBA–DGEBF), associated with an anhydride hardener, at different carboxyl-terminated copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile liquid rubber (CTBN) concentration (0–10 phr) are studied using a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and a stress-controlled rheometer in isothermal and dynamic conditions. The aim of this work is to correlate the presence of the rubber phase with the transition phenomena that occur during the curing process. The CTBN rubber induces a catalytic effect on the polymerization of the pure resin clearly observed by a significant enhancement of the curing rate. Calori…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic Chemistrytechnology industry and agricultureGeneral Physics and AstronomyEpoxyChemo-rheologyIsothermal processchemistry.chemical_compoundSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiDifferential scanning calorimetryEpoxyNatural rubberchemistryvisual_artMaterials Chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCopolymerPultrusionCuringAcrylonitrileComposite materialNitrile rubberCuring (chemistry)European Polymer Journal
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Hepatocyte-targeted fluorescent nanoparticles based on a polyaspartamide for potential theranostic applications

2015

Abstract Here, the synthesis of a galactosylated amphiphilic copolymer bearing rhodamine (RhB) moieties and its use for the preparation of polymeric fluorescent nanoparticles for potential applications in therapy and diagnosis are described. To do this, firstly, a fluorescent derivative of α,β-poly( N -2-hydroxyethyl)- d , l -aspartamide (PHEA) was synthesized by chemical reaction with RhB, and with polylactic acid (PLA), to obtain PHEA-RhB-PLA. Then, the derivatization of PHEA-RhB-PLA with GAL-PEG-NH 2 allows obtaining PHEA-RhB-PLA-PEG-GAL copolymer, with derivatization degrees in -PLA and -PEG-GAL equal to 1.9 mol% and 4.5 mol%, respectively. Starting from this copolymer, liver-targeted f…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic Chemistrytechnology industry and agricultureNanoparticlemacromolecular substancesCombinatorial chemistryFluorescenceRhodaminechemistry.chemical_compoundPolylactic acidchemistrySettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryZeta potentialCopolymerAsialoglycoprotein receptorActive targeting alphabeta-Poly-(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-DL-aspartamide (PHEA) Fluorescence imaging Graft copolymers NanoparticlesDerivatization
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Investigation on the Properties and on the Photo-Oxidation Behaviour of Polypropylene/Fumed Silica Nanocomposites

2021

This work investigates the effects of very small amounts of fumed silica on the morphology and on the rheological and mechanical behaviour of polypropylene nanocomposites and on their photo-oxidation behaviour. Polypropylene nanocomposites were prepared using a twin-screw corotating extruder with 0, 1 and 2 wt/wt% of SiO2. Morphological, mechanical, thermomechanical and rheological properties were examined. It was found that the viscosity of the matrix is reduced by the presence of the silica nanoparticles, suggesting a poor adhesion between the two phases and probably some lubricating effect. On the contrary, the mechanical and, in particular, the thermomechanical properties of the matrix …

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic chemistryNanoparticlemechanical propertiesArticlelaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundQD241-441RheologylawUltimate tensile strengthnanocompositesmechanical propertieCrystallizationElastic modulusFumed silicaPolypropyleneNanocompositenanocompositeGeneral Chemistryphoto-oxidationSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialichemistryChemical engineeringsilicarheologypolypropylenePolymers
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Monitoring molecular dynamics of bacterial cellulose composites reinforced with graphene oxide by carboxymethyl cellulose addition

2017

[EN] Broadband Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy was performed to study the molecular dynamics of dried Bacterial Cellulose/Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Graphene Oxide (BC/CMC-GO) composites as a function of the concentration of CMC in the culture media. At low temperature the dielectric spectra are dominated by a dipolar process labelled as a beta -relaxation, whereas electrode polarization and the contribution of dc-conductivity dominate the spectra at high temperatures and low frequency. The CMC concentration affects the morphological structure of cellulose and subsequently alters its physical properties. X-ray diffractometry measurements show that increasing the concentration of CMC promote…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOxidemacromolecular substances02 engineering and technologyMolecular Dynamics SimulationDielectric relaxation spectroscopy010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslaw.inventionMolecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundBacterial cellulose compositeslawMaterials ChemistrymedicineThermal stabilityCelluloseComposite materialCelluloseGrapheneOrganic Chemistrytechnology industry and agricultureOxidesThermal stability021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesCarboxymethyl cellulosechemistryBacterial celluloseIntramolecular forceCarboxymethylcellulose SodiumMAQUINAS Y MOTORES TERMICOSGraphite0210 nano-technologyTERMODINAMICA APLICADA (UPV)medicine.drug
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Effect of Moisture Content on the Processing and Mechanical Properties of a Biodegradable Polyester

2021

This work is focused on the influence of moisture content on the processing and mechanical properties of a biodegradable polyester used for applications in injection molding. The pellets of the biodegradable polyester were exposed under different relative humidity conditions at a constant temperature before being compression molded. The compression-molded specimens were again placed under the above conditions before the mechanical testing. With all these samples, it is possible to determine the effect of moisture content on the processing and mechanical properties separately, as well as the combined effect of moisture content on the mechanical properties. The results obtained showed that th…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsPelletsOrganic chemistryCompression molding02 engineering and technologyMolding (process)010501 environmental sciencesmechanical properties01 natural sciencesArticleQD241-441Ultimate tensile strengthRelative humidityComposite materialElastic modulusWater content0105 earth and related environmental sciencesmoisture contentMoistureGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologybiodegradable polymersrheologyprocessing0210 nano-technologyPolymers
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Reversible Modulation of Elasticity in Fluoroazobenzene-Containing Hydrogels Using Green and Blue Light.

2017

Hydrogels are soft materials that have found multiple applications in biomedicine and represent a good platform for the introduction of molecular switches and synthetic machines into macromolecular networks. Tuning their mechanical properties reversibly with light is appealing for a variety of advanced applications and has been demonstrated in the past; however, their activation typically requires the use of UV light, which displays several drawbacks related to its damaging character and limited penetration in tissues and materials. This study circumvents this limitation by introducing all-visible ortho-fluoroazobenzene switches into a hydrophilic network, which, as a result, can be activat…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsPhotoisomerizationLightNanotechnology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundPhotochromismMaterials ChemistryElastic modulusvisible lightMolecular switchMolecular StructureOrganic ChemistryHydrogelsStereoisomerism021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyElasticity0104 chemical sciencesazobenzeneAzobenzenechemistrySelf-healing hydrogelshydrogel0210 nano-technologyphotodynamic materialIsomerizationAzo CompoundsHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsMacromoleculeMacromolecular rapid communications
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Recycling of a Biodegradable Polymer Blend

2020

Mechanical recycling is one of the possible ways to enhance the value of postconsumer plastic materials. However, the final performance of the recycled material will strongly depend on the quality of the selection made on the recycled product and on the degradation of the properties. In this context, the present study examines the effect of reprocessing for five successive extrusion cycles on the rheological, mechanical and thermal properties of a poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT)-based blend on samples reprocessed in both dry and wet conditions. The results showed that when the sample was processed after drying, degradation of the material was less than when it was processed i…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsPlastic materialsContext (language use)02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBioplasticArticlelcsh:QD241-441lcsh:Organic chemistryRheologypoly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)Composite materialmechanical recyclingGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBiodegradable polymer0104 chemical sciencesSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiextrusionDegradation (geology)Extrusionpoly(lactic acid)0210 nano-technologybioplasticPolymers
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