Search results for "polymorph"

Comparative phylogeography of the Veronica alpina complex in Europe and North America

2006

The Veronica alpina complex comprises eight species of alpine habitats over a wide range of mountain systems in the Northern Hemisphere. The occurrence of sympatric species in the European and North American mountain systems allowed us not only to investigate the effect of the ice ages on intraspecific phylogeographical patterns and genetic diversity in different continents of the Northern Hemisphere, but also to compare these patterns in closely related species. Plastid DNA trnL-F sequences and AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) fingerprints were used to infer the phylogenetic history of the group and phylogeographical patterns within species. Hybrid origin of tetraploid eastern…

Molecular characterization of fasciola spp. From some parts of Iran

2020

Background: Identification of liver flukes, Fasciola hepatica, and Fasciola gigantica by morphometric parameters is not always reliable due to the overlapping measurements. This study aimed to characterize the liver flukes of animals from different parts of Iran by the genetic markers, ITS1, and COXI. Methods: We collected flukes from infected livestock in six provinces of Iran from Sep to Nov 2016. The flukes were identified by amplification of a 680 bp sequence of ITS1 locus followed by a restriction fragment polymorphism (RFLP) assay. The genetic diversity among isolates was evaluated by amplification and sequencing of a 493 bp fragment of the COXI gene. Results: We obtained 38 specimens…

Evaluation of genetic variability and relatedness among eight Centaurea species through CAAT-box derived polymorphism (CBDP) and start codon targeted…

2021

Centaurea is a value-ultimate genus of medicinal plants showing high diversification levels, especially within the Mediterranean basin, and is still traditionally recognized as a complicated taxon. So far, few studies utilizing molecular markers have been done on Centaurea spp. towards a better dissection of its phylogeny and accurate assessment of genetic diversity. Here, two functional marker systems, start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphism and CAAT box-derived polymorphism (CBDP), were implemented to assess the genetic diversity between eight wild Centaurea species in Egypt. Seventeen SCoT and 19 CBDP primers generated 197 and 179 bands, respectively. These primers generated 158 (80.2%)…

Environmental effects on molecular and phenotypic variation in populations of Eruca sativa across a steep climatic gradient

2013

Abstract In Israel Eruca sativa has a geographically narrow distribution across a steep climatic gradient that ranges from mesic Mediterranean to hot desert environments. These conditions offer an opportunity to study the influence of the environment on intraspecific genetic variation. For this, we combined an analysis of neutral genetic markers with a phenotypic evaluation in common-garden experiments, and environmental characterization of populations that included climatic and edaphic parameters, as well as geographic distribution. A Bayesian clustering of individuals from nine representative populations based on amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) divided the populations into a…

Long‐distance dispersal vs vicariance: the origin and genetic diversity of alpine plants in the Spanish Sierra Nevada

2006

Here, we investigated the origin and genetic diversity of four alpine plant species co-occurring in the Spanish Sierra Nevada and other high mountains in south-western Europe by analysis of amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs). In Kernera saxatilis, Silene rupestris and Gentiana alpina we found intraspecific phylogroups corresponding to mountain regions as predicted by the vicariance hypothesis. Moreover, genetic distances between Sierra Nevada and Pyrenees populations were always higher than those between populations from the Pyrenees and the south-western Alps/Massif Central. This suggests successive disruption of gene exchange between mountain ranges as postglacial climatic wa…

Genome-Wide Patterns of Homozygosity Reveal the Conservation Status in Five Italian Goat Populations.

2021

The application of genomic technologies has facilitated the assessment of genomic inbreeding based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In this study, we computed several runs of homozygosity (ROH) parameters to investigate the patterns of homozygosity using Illumina Goat SNP50 in five Italian local populations: Argentata dell’Etna (N = 48), Derivata di Siria (N = 32), Girgentana (N = 59), Maltese (N = 16) and Messinese (N = 22). The ROH results showed well-defined differences among the populations. A total of 3687 ROH segments &gt

2018

In the recent past, sequencing of ancient human genomes has become increasingly common, leading to an immense amount of data to be explored. For this study we focused on comparing a set of ancient individuals with modern populations on behalf of markers for celiac disease. We analyzed a panel of 64 SNPs related to this disease, trying to detect changes in allele frequencies between ancient and modern individuals. We hope to make a contribution to the subject of genetic health throughout human history.

The role of plasma lipid transfer proteins in lipoprotein metabolism and atherogenesis.

2008

The plasma lipid transfer proteins promote the exchange of neutral lipids and phospholipids between the plasma lipoproteins. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) facilitates the removal of cholesteryl esters from HDL and thus reduces HDL levels, while phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) promotes the transfer of phospholipids from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins into HDL and increases HDL levels. Studies in transgenic mouse models and in humans with rare genetic deficiencies (CETP) or common genetic variants (CETP and PLTP) highlight the central role of these molecules in regulating HDL levels. Human CETP deficiency is associated with dramatic elevations of HDL cholesterol and apolipopr…

Conduct disorder and ADHD: evaluation of conduct problems as a categorical and quantitative trait in the international multicentre ADHD genetics stud…

2008

Contains fulltext : 71374.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is typically characterized by inattention, excessive motor activity, impulsivity, and distractibility. Individuals with ADHD have significant impairment in family and peer relations, academic functioning, and show high co-morbidity with a wide range of psychiatric disorders including oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder (CD), anxiety disorder, depression, substance abuse, and pervasive developmental disorder (PDD). Family studies suggest that ADHD + CD represents a specific subtype of the ADHD disorder with familial risk factors only partly overlapping with t…

No association between two polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter gene and combined type attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

2008

Contains fulltext : 71091.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Several independent studies have reported association between serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) polymorphisms and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Five studies found evidence for association between the long-allele of a 44-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) and ADHD. Another two studies corroborated this finding while a further six studies did not find such an association. For a second polymorphism within the gene, a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) within intron 2, one study demonstrated that the 12/12 genotype was significantly less frequent in ADHD cases compared to controls, while a sec…