Search results for "positron"

showing 10 items of 1346 documents

Synthesis and preliminary in vivo evaluation of well-dispersed biomimetic nanocrystalline apatites labeled with positron emission tomographic imaging…

2015

In recent years, biomimetic synthetic apatite nanoparticles (AP-NPs), having chemical similarity with the mineral phase of bone, have attracted a great interest in nanomedicine as potential drug carriers. To evaluate the therapeutic perspectives of AP-NPs through the mechanisms of action and organs they interact with, the noninvasive monitoring of their in vivo behavior is of paramount importance. To this aim, here the feasibility to radiolabel AP-NPs ("naked" and surface-modified with citrate to reduce their aggregation) with two positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging agents ([F-18]NaF and Ga-68-NO(2)AP(BP)) was investigated. [F-18]NaF was used for the direct incorporation of the radi…

inorganic chemicalsMalepositron emission tomographyMaterials scienceNanoparticleNanotechnologyPilot ProjectsDiffusionNanocapsulesIn vivoBiomimetic MaterialsApatitesMaterials TestingmedicineAnimalsGeneral Materials ScienceChelationWhole Body ImagingColloidsParticle SizeRats Wistarmedicine.diagnostic_testtechnology industry and agriculturenanomedicinecalcium phosphatesPositron emission tomographyIsotope LabelingPositron-Emission Tomographydrug deliveryDrug deliverySurface modificationNanomedicineFeasibility StudiesNanoparticlesRadiopharmaceuticalsDrug carrierCrystallizationACS applied materialsinterfaces
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Uncertainties on the determination of the strong coupling αs from the energy evolution of jet fragmentation functions at low z

2014

The QCD coupling alpha_s is determined at NLO*+NMLLA accuracy from the comparison of experimental jet data to theoretical predictions of the energy-evolution of the parton-to-hadron fragmentation function moments (multiplicity, peak, width, skewness) at low fractional hadron momentum z. From the existing e+e- and e-p jet data, we obtain alpha_s(m_Z^2) = 0.1195 +/- 0.0021 (exp.) {+0.0015}_{-0.0} (scale) at the Z mass. The uncertainties of the extracted alpha_s value are discussed.

jetsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsElectron–positron annihilationHadronFOS: Physical sciencespQCD01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Fragmentation (mass spectrometry)strong coupling0103 physical sciencesMultiplicity (chemistry)010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentParticle Physics - PhenomenologyPhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsta114deep-inelastic scattering010308 nuclear & particles physicsparton fragmentation functionsHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenologye+e− annihilationDeep inelastic scatteringHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologySkewnessStrong couplingHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings
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Bone targeting compounds for radiotherapy and imaging: *Me(III)-DOTA conjugates of bisphosphonic acid, pamidronic acid and zoledronic acid

2016

Background Bisphosphonates have a high adsorption on calcified tissues and are commonly used in the treatment of bone disorder diseases. Conjugates of bisphosphonates with macrocyclic chelators open new possibilities in bone targeted radionuclide imaging and therapy. Subsequent to positron emission tomography (PET) examinations utilizing 68Ga-labelled analogues, endoradiotheraphy with 177Lu-labelled macrocyclic bisphosphonates may have a great potential in the treatment of painful skeletal metastases. Methods Based on the established pharmaceuticals pamidronate and zoledronate two new DOTA-α-OH-bisphosphonates, DOTAPAM and DOTAZOL(MM1.MZ) were successfully synthesized. The ligands were labe…

lcsh:Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicineBiodistributionMaterials sciencelcsh:R895-920Hydroxy bisphosphonatesSingle-photon emission computed tomography01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingAnalytical Chemistry03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinePharmacokineticsmedicineDOTAPharmacology (medical)Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingZoledronic acidPharmacologymedicine.diagnostic_test010405 organic chemistrybusiness.industryResearchBone metastaseslcsh:RM1-950Pamidronic acid177LuTheranostics68Ga0104 chemical sciencesZoledronic acidPETlcsh:Therapeutics. PharmacologyDOTAchemistryPositron emission tomographyNuclear medicinebusinessEx vivomedicine.drugEJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry
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Evaluation of the inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction in rats using a scandium-44-labelled tetrazine for pretargeted PET imaging

2019

Background Pretargeted imaging allows the use of short-lived radionuclides when imaging the accumulation of slow clearing targeting agents such as antibodies. The biotin-(strept)avidin and the bispecific antibody-hapten interactions have been applied in clinical pretargeting studies; unfortunately, these systems led to immunogenic responses in patients. The inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction between a radiolabelled tetrazine (Tz) and a trans-cyclooctene (TCO)-functionalized targeting vector is a promising alternative for clinical pretargeted imaging due to its fast reaction kinetics. This strategy was first applied in nuclear medicine using an 111In-labelled Tz to image TC…

lcsh:Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicineBiodistributionlcsh:R895-920Tetrazine010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesChemical kineticsTetrazinechemistry.chemical_compoundMedicineDOTARadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingPretargeted imagingInverse electron-demand Diels–Alder reactionAlendronic acidOriginal ResearchPretargetingTrans-cyclooctene (TCO)biologymedicine.diagnostic_test010405 organic chemistrybusiness.industryScandium-44 (44Sc)RadiochemistryBisphosphonates0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthchemistryPositron emission tomographyPositron emission tomography (PET)biology.proteinInverse electron demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA)businessAvidinEJNMMI Research
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The role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in early infectious discitis: a case report after a negative MRI

2019

We present the case of a 70 years old woman with infectious discitis which was detected using Fluorine fluodeoxiglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT), after a negative magnetic resonance imaging. A Streptococuss gallolyticus (bovis gender bacteria) grow on culture. In addition 18F-FDG PET also demonstrated infectious endocarditis which was confirmed by transesophageal echocardiography and a colonic neoplasm. Here we have highlighted the potential role of 18F-FDG PET/CT study in patients with a clinical history suggestive of infectious discitis with a negative or indifferent magnetic resonance imaging. Keywords: 18F-FDG PET/TC, Spondylodiscitis, Pyogenic v…

lcsh:Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicineSpondylodiscitismedicine.medical_specialtylcsh:R895-920030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineEndocarditisRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIn patientmedicine.diagnostic_testbiology18F-FDG PET/TCbusiness.industrySpondylodiscitisMagnetic resonance imagingPyogenic vertebral osteomyelitismedicine.diseaseStreptococcus bovisbiology.organism_classificationStreptococcus bovisPositron emission tomographyDiscitisFdg pet ctRadiologyNuclear Medicinebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryRadiology Case Reports
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Locked-in Syndrome and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography: Observations from a Case of Basilar Artery Thrombosis

2018

We report the case of a 59-year-old male patient suffering from locked-in syndrome (LIS) following basilar artery thrombosis despite an attempt of thrombolysis. Neurological examination showed quadriplegia and aphonia and a state of coma requiring mechanical ventilation was diagnosed. The use of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) allowed to detect a normal 18F-FDG uptake in the main cerebral cortical areas and a significant reduction of 18F-FDG uptake in both cerebellar hemispheres, compatible with a functional deafferentation, helping confirming the clinical suspicion of LIS. The diagnosis of LIS, according to literature, is based on the clinical assessment…

locked-in syndromestatistical parametric mappingconsciousness disordersCase Report18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomographyvegetative stateIndian Journal of Nuclear Medicine : IJNM : The Official Journal of the Society of Nuclear Medicine, India
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Direct radiofluorination of [18F]MH.MZ for 5-HT2A receptor molecular imaging with PET

2012

Imaging the serotonin 2A neuroreceptor with positron emission tomography has been carried out with [11C]MDL 100907 and [18F]altanserin for years. Recently, the MDL 100907 analogue [18F]MH.MZ was developed by combining the increased selectivity profile of MDL 100907 and the favourable radiophysical properties of fluorine-18. Here, we want to report the synthesis of [18F]MH.MZ via direct radiofluorination. Unfortunately, the direct radiofluorination did not have any significant benefits over the indirect labelling method. This is mainly because the precursor for the direct labelling approach is not completely stable and slowly decomposes. However, only one HPLC separation is necessary for the…

medicine.diagnostic_testChemistryOrganic ChemistryRadiochemistryAnalytical chemistryBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundPositron emission tomographyLabellingDrug DiscoveryAltanserinmedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMolecular imagingSelectivitySerotonin 2aSpectroscopyJournal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals
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Segmentation of Positron Emission Tomography Images Using Multi-atlas Anatomical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

2021

Positron emission tomography (PET), is a medical imaging technique, it provides information about the body’s cellular function rather than its anatomy. However, due to the functional nature of PET images, locating the anatomical structures in such an image remains a challenging task, indeed, PET images only provide very little anatomical information. Segmentation of PET images, therefore, requires the intervention of a medical expert. The expert proceeds to a manual segmentation of a volume slice by slice, which turns out to be very tedious and costly in terms of time. In this article, we present, evaluate, and make available a multi-atlas approach for automatically segmenting human brain P…

medicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencebusiness.industryAtlas (topology)Magnetic resonance imagingImage segmentationMutual informationNeuroimagingPositron emission tomographyMedical imagingmedicineSegmentationComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusiness2021 International Conference on Recent Advances in Mathematics and Informatics (ICRAMI)
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Evaluation of MRI and cannabinoid type 1 receptor PET templates constructed using DARTEL for spatial normalization of rat brains

2015

Purpose: Image registration is one prerequisite for the analysis of brain regions in magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI) or positron-emission-tomography (PET) studies. Diffeomorphic anatomical registration through exponentiated Lie algebra (DARTEL) is a nonlinear, diffeomorphic algorithm for image registration and construction of image templates. The goal of this small animal study was (1) the evaluation of a MRI and calculation of several cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor PET templates constructed using DARTEL and (2) the analysis of the image registration accuracy of MR and PET images to their DARTEL templates with reference to analytical and iterative PET reconstruction algorithms. Methods:…

medicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencebusiness.industryImage registrationMagnetic resonance imagingPattern recognitionImage processingGeneral MedicineIterative reconstructionScintigraphyRegularization (mathematics)White mattermedicine.anatomical_structurePositron emission tomographyOrdered subset expectation maximizationSpatial normalizationmedicineMaximum a posteriori estimationTomographyArtificial intelligencebusinessNuclear medicineMedical Physics
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An automatic method for metabolic evaluation of gamma knife treatments

2015

Lesion volume delineation of Positron Emission Tomography images is challenging because of the low spatial resolution and high noise level. Aim of this work is the development of an operator independent segmentation method of metabolic images. For this purpose, an algorithm for the biological tumor volume delineation based on random walks on graphs has been used. Twenty-four cerebral tumors are segmented to evaluate the functional follow-up after Gamma Knife radiotherapy treatment. Experimental results show that the segmentation algorithm is accurate and has real-time performance. In addition, it can reflect metabolic changes useful to evaluate radiotherapy response in treated patients.

medicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencebusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentComputer Science (all)PET imagingPattern recognitionLesion volumeRandom walkGamma knifeTheoretical Computer ScienceRadiation therapyBiological target volumeSegmentationBiological target volume Gamma Knife treatment PET imaging Random walk SegmentationPositron emission tomographymedicineSegmentationRadiotherapy treatmentGamma Knife treatmentArtificial intelligenceNoise levelbusinessImage resolution
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