Search results for "prevention"

Mapping routine measles vaccination in low- and middle-income countries

2021

The safe, highly effective measles vaccine has been recommended globally since 1974, yet in 2017 there were more than 17 million cases of measles and 83,400 deaths in children under 5 years old, and more than 99% of both occurred in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)1–4. Globally comparable, annual, local estimates of routine first-dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) coverage are critical for understanding geographically precise immunity patterns, progress towards the targets of the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP), and high-risk areas amid disruptions to vaccination programmes caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)5–8. Here we generated annual estimates of routine childhoo…

Theory-Based Interventions Combining Mental Simulation and Planning Techniques to Improve Physical Activity: Null Results from Two Randomized Control…

2016

Interventions to assist individuals in initiating and maintaining regular participation in physical activity are not always effective. Psychological and behavioral theories advocate the importance of both motivation and volition in interventions to change health behavior. Interventions adopting self-regulation strategies that foster motivational and volitional components may, therefore, have utility in promoting regular physical activity participation. We tested the efficacy of an intervention adopting motivational (mental simulation) and volitional (implementation intentions) components to promote a regular physical activity in two studies. Study 1 adopted a cluster randomized design in wh…

Structural Insight into CVB3-VLP Non-Adjuvanted Vaccine

2020

Coxsackievirus B (CVB) enteroviruses are common pathogens that can cause acute and chronic myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, aseptic meningitis, and they are hypothesized to be a causal factor in type 1 diabetes. The licensed enterovirus vaccines and those currently in clinical development are traditional inactivated or live attenuated vaccines. Even though these vaccines work well in the prevention of enterovirus diseases, new vaccine technologies, like virus-like particles (VLPs), can offer important advantages in the manufacturing and epitope engineering. We have previously produced VLPs for CVB3 and CVB1 in insect cells. Here, we describe the production of CVB3-VLPs with enhanced pro…

Alpha-lipoic acid: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential in diabetes.

2015

International audience; Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease with a high prevalence worldwide. Diabetes and insulin resistance are associated with the development of cardiovascular and nervous diseases. The development of these disorders reflects complex pathological processes in which the oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) plays a pivotal role. It is widely accepted that diabetes impairs endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity and increases the production of ROS, thus resulting in diminished NO bioavailability and increased oxidative stress. Alpha-lipoic acid (LA) possesses beneficial effects both in the prevention and …

Prevention of sports injuries : systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2013

Urheilu sisältää aina riskin vammautumisesta. Urheiluvamma vaikuttaa negatiivisesti urheilijan terveyteen ja vammojen hoito on kallista. Tutkimukset urheiluvammojen ennaltaehkäisystä ovat lisääntyneet huomattavasti viime vuosien aikana. Tämä pro gradu –tutkielma on systemaattinen kirjallisuuskatsaus ja meta-analyysi satunnaistetuista, kontrolloiduista tutkimuksista. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on tehdä yhteenveto urheiluvammojen ennaltaehkäisyyn tähtäävistä interventioista. Systemaattinen kirjallisuushaku tehtiin käyttämällä seuraavia hakusanoja: sports injuri/es, athletic injuri/es, prevention, preventive, randomized, controlled trial ja randomized controlled trial. Käytetyt tietokannat oliv…

Preliminary evaluation of an analog procedure to assess acceptability of intimate partner violence against women: The Partner Violence Acceptability …

2015

Acceptability of partner violence against women is a risk factor linked to its perpetration, and to public, professionals’ and victims’ responses to this behavior. Research on the acceptability of violence in intimate partner relationships is, however, limited by reliance solely on self-reports that often provide distorted or socially desirable accounts that may misrepresent respondents’ true attitudes. This study presents data on the development and initial validation of a new analog task assessing respondents’ acceptability of physical violence toward women in intimate relationships: the Partner Violence Acceptability Movie task (PVAM). This new analog task is intended to provide a more i…

Profilaktyczne, wychowawcze i edukacyjne wsparcie rodzin dzieci ze spektrum autyzmu w działalności Caritas Diecezji Sandomierskiej

2020

Predicting COVID-19 booster vaccine intentions.

2022

Achieving broad immunity through vaccination is a cornerstone strategy for long-term management of COVID-19 infections, particularly the prevention of serious cases and hospitalizations. Evidence that vaccine-induced immunity wanes over time points to the need for COVID-19 booster vaccines, and maximum compliance is required to maintain population-level immunity. Little is known of the correlates of intentions to receive booster vaccines among previously vaccinated individuals. The present study applied an integrated model to examine effects of beliefs from multiple social cognition theories alongside sets of generalized, stable beliefs on individuals' booster vaccine intentions. US residen…

Effectiveness of a Mobile Phone App for Adults That Uses Physical Activity as a Tool to Manage Cigarette Craving After Smoking Cessation: A Study Pro…

2015

Article

The clinical significance of small, dense low-density lipoproteins

2006

Peak size of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in humans does not show a normal, but a bimodal distribution and can be separated into two phenotypes, that differ in size, density, physicochemical composition, metabolic behavior, and atherogenicity. These phenotypes have been assigned as pattern A when larger, more buoyant LDL and pattern B when smaller, more dense LDL predominate. Small dense LDL correlates negatively with plasma HDL levels and positively with plasma triglyceride concentrations and is associated with the metabolic syndrome and increased risk for cardiovascular disease. LDL size seems to be an important predictor of cardiovascular events and progression of coronary heart diseas…