Search results for "privat"
showing 10 items of 2994 documents
Fatigue does not conjointly alter postural and cognitive performance when standing in a shooting position under dual-task conditions
2017
ABSTRACTThis study investigated the effects of fatigue on balance control and cognitive performance in a standing shooting position. Nineteen soldiers were asked to stand while holding a rifle (single task – ST). They also had to perform this postural task while simultaneously completing a cognitive task (dual task – DT). Both the ST and DT were performed in pre- and post-fatigue conditions. In pre-fatigue, participants achieved better balance control in the DT than in the ST, thus suggesting that the increased cognitive activity associated with the DT improves balance control by shifting the attentional focus away from a highly automatised activity. In post-fatigue, balance control was deg…
Mean 14.00-17.00 h plasma cortisol concentration and its relationship to the 1 mg-dexamethasone suppression response in depressives and controls.
1984
Three-hour cortisol-profiles and cortisol responses to a 1 mg dose of dexamethasone were recorded in 31 depressed patients and nine controls. The data indicate that the likelihood of detecting non-suppressible cortisol concentrations after dexamethasone is significantly increased in depressed patients with a hypersecretion of cortisol. However, a considerable subsample of normosecretors shows abnormal DST results. Conversely, hypersecretion is often associated with dexamethasone suppression. In this study a 1 mg-DST did not reflect the adrenocortical activity with ultimate accuracy. Therefore any attempts which correlate psychopathological or biological data with pituitary-adrenal activity …
Subcortical ischaemic changes in young hypertensive patients: frequency, effect on cognitive performance and relationship with markers of endothelial…
2007
Information on subcortical ischaemic changes (SIC) in young hypertensive patients is scarce. We evaluated the frequency of SIC at magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the possible effect on cognition of these patients, and the role of plasma markers known as indicators of endothelial and haemostatic activation. Inclusion criteria were age <or=54 years, hypertension for at least 2 years and absence of cerebrovascular disease or other conditions possibly related to SIC. Patients with SIC at MRI and two control groups (matched for age, sex and education) of hypertensive patients without SIC and non-hypertensive healthy subjects underwent an extensive neuropsychological examination and evaluation …
Effects of cumulative sleep restriction on self-perceptions while multitasking
2012
Summary This study addressed a rarely studied question of self-perceptions of performance and overall functional state during cumulative sleep restriction and the ensuing recovery period. Twenty healthy male volunteers, aged 19–29 years, were divided into a sleep restriction group (n = 13) and a control group (n = 7). On the first 2 nights, the sleep restriction group had an 8-h sleep opportunity that was restricted to 4 h for the next 5 nights, and then restored to 8 h for the last 2 nights. The control group had an 8-h sleep opportunity each night. Each day participants accomplished 50-min multitask sessions and gave self-ratings in their connection. Similar to our previous findings on mu…
The use of prediction models of spontaneous pregnancy in in vitro fertilization units reveals differences between the expected results of public and …
2009
To evaluate the applicability of prediction models (PM) of spontaneous pregnancy (SP) in a population of infertile patients from a university-affiliated private assisted reproductive technology center (Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad) and in the reproductive medicine section of a public university hospital (La Fe), both belonging to the same city (Valencia, Spain) between January and December 2008. We calculated the probability of SP using the PM developed by Hunault et al. in our two populations, and observed an estimated probability of SP40% or the PM applicable in approximately 97% of the studied couples, and statistical differences between pregnancy probabilities in the two setting…
Cannabis users have higher premorbid IQ than other patients with first onset psychosis.
2013
Background: A number of studies have reported that patients with psychosis who use cannabis have better cognitive performance than those who do not. This is surprising as cannabis can impair cognition in healthy subjects. An obvious question is whether the better current performance of psychotic patients who have used cannabis is a reflection of their having a higher premorbid IQ than those psychotic patients who haven't used cannabis. Aim: In a sample of patients at their first episode of psychosis, we tested the hypothesis that patients who smoked cannabis would have a higher premorbid IQ than patients who did not. Methodology: 279 participants (119 patients and 160 healthy controls) were…
Effects of REM sleep awakenings and related wakening paradigms on the ultradian sleep cycle and the symptoms in depression.
2002
In 1975 Vogel and coworkers published their classical study where they compared selective rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation by brief awakenings to a control intervention paradigm in depressed patients. The superior antidepressive impact of the first procedure was attributed to the REM pressure accumulating during the treatment period. The laborious procedure and the considerable effort necessary to evaluate the sleep profiles in real time have prevented similar experiments so far. Based on artificial neural networks we developed a software for the real time detection of REM sleep. In combination with an alarm system the algorithm allowed us to wake up subjects automatically and to …
Clinical outcomes after implantation of a posterior chamber collagen copolymer phakic intraocular lens with a central hole for myopic correction.
2013
Purpose To evaluate the efficacy, predictability, safety, and stability of a new-model posterior chamber Implantable Collamer Lens phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) (V4c Visian) to correct myopia. Setting Private practice, Oviedo, Spain. Design Case series. Methods This study enrolled patients who had implantation of a new pIOL design with a central hole for more natural aqueous flow, eliminating the need for neodymium:YAG iridotomy or peripheral iridectomy. The uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, refractive error, intraocular pressure (IOP), endothelial cell count, central vault, and adverse events were evaluated 6 months postoperatively. Results The study enroll…
Course of cognitive deficits in first episode of non-affective psychosis: a 3-year follow-up study.
2013
Abstract Cognitive dysfunctions are critical determinants of the quality of life and functionality in schizophrenia. Whether the cognitive deficits present at an early stage, are static or change across one's lifespan is still under debate. This study aims to investigate the long-term (3 years) course of cognitive deficits in a large and representative cohort of first episode schizophrenia spectrum patients (N = 155),and evaluate their influence on disability. In addition, a healthy control sample (N = 43) was also studied for comparison. This study evaluates the performance of patients and controls in a battery of cognitive assessments using baseline, 1-year and 3-year follow-up designs. T…
Randomized response estimates for the 12-month prevalence of cognitive-enhancing drug use in university students.
2013
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To estimate the 12-month prevalence of cognitive-enhancing drug use. DESIGN: Paper-and-pencil questionnaire that used the randomized response technique. SETTING: University in Mainz, Germany. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 2569 university students who completed the questionnaire. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: An anonymous, specialized questionnaire that used the randomized response technique was distributed to students at the beginning of classes and was collected afterward. From the responses, we calculated the prevalence of students taking drugs only to improve their cognitive performance and not to treat underlying mental disorders such as attention-deficit-hyperactivity diso…