Search results for "privilege"

showing 10 items of 46 documents

Antisocial and human capital pathways to socioeconomic exclusion: A 42-year prospective study.

2017

Nordic welfare states have been very successful at reducing poverty and inequality among their citizens. However, the presence of a strong social safety net in these countries has not solved the problem of socioeconomic exclusion, manifesting in such outcomes as chronic unemployment and welfare dependency. In an effort to understand this phenomenon, the current study builds on the assumption that psychological risk factors emerge as important determinants of socioeconomic disadvantage in an environment where ascribed characteristics have less impact on educational and occupational attainment. Using data from Finland, this research examined a life course model linking childhood differences i…

MaleLongitudinal studyAginglongitudinal researchunderprivileged social positionIndividualityPoison controlNeuropsychological TestsDevelopmental psychologyCohort StudiesWelfare dependencyRisk FactorsDevelopmental and Educational Psychologysosiaalinen pääomata515Finlandmedia_commonAcademic Successdeviant behaviour05 social sciencessocial exclusionAge Factors050301 educationAntisocial Personality DisorderMiddle AgedLife course approachFemalePsychology050104 developmental & child psychologycourse of lifemedia_common.quotation_subjectpitkittäistutkimusModels PsychologicalSocial classelämänkaarisosioekonominen asemasocioeconomic statushuono-osaisuusPersonalityHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesCognitive skillLife-span and Life-course StudiesSocioeconomic statusPovertyDemographyProblem BehaviorsyrjäytyminenSocial ClassUnemploymentta5141social capitalpoikkeava käyttäytyminen0503 educationDevelopmental psychology
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Retinal ganglion cell loss is accompanied by antibody depositions and increased levels of microglia after immunization with retinal antigens.

2012

BackgroundAntibodies against retinal and optic nerve antigens are detectable in glaucoma patients. Recent studies using a model of experimental autoimmune glaucoma demonstrated that immunization with certain ocular antigens causes an immun-mediated retinal ganglion cell loss in rats.Methodology/principal findingsRats immunized with a retinal ganglion cell layer homogenate (RGA) had a reduced retinal ganglion cell density on retinal flatmounts (p = 0.007) and a lower number of Brn3(+) retinal ganglion cells (p = 0.0001) after six weeks. The autoreactive antibody development against retina and optic nerve was examined throughout the study. The levels of autoreactive antibodies continuously in…

MaleRetinal Ganglion Cellsgenetic structuresGlaucomaAutoimmunityImmune PrivilegeAutoantigenschemistry.chemical_compoundNeurobiology of Disease and RegenerationImmune ResponseMultidisciplinaryCell DeathMicrogliaQRAnimal ModelsImmunizationsmedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyRetinal ganglion cellOptic nerveMedicineMicrogliaImmunohistochemical AnalysisResearch ArticleHistologyImmune CellsScienceImmunologyImmunoglobulinsModel OrganismsAntigenmedicineAnimalsAntibody-Producing CellsBiologyAutoantibodiesRetinabusiness.industryImmunityAutoantibodyGlaucomaRetinalbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesRatsOphthalmologychemistryRats Inbred LewImmunologyImmunologic TechniquesNeuro-OphthalmologyRatClinical ImmunologyImmunizationsense organsbusinessNeurosciencePLoS ONE
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Functional characterization of the dural sinuses as a neuroimmune interface

2021

Summary Despite the established dogma of central nervous system (CNS) immune privilege, neuroimmune interactions play an active role in diverse neurological disorders. However, the precise mechanisms underlying CNS immune surveillance remain elusive; particularly, the anatomical sites where peripheral adaptive immunity can sample CNS-derived antigens and the cellular and molecular mediators orchestrating this surveillance. Here, we demonstrate that CNS-derived antigens in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulate around the dural sinuses, are captured by local antigen-presenting cells, and are presented to patrolling T cells. This surveillance is enabled by endothelial and mural cells formin…

MaleT-LymphocytesDura materCentral nervous systemAntigen-Presenting CellsCranial SinusesBiologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyMural cell03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImmune privilegemedicineAnimalsHomeostasisHumansAntigensCellular Senescence030304 developmental biologyAntigen Presentation0303 health sciencesMultiple sclerosisImmunityMeningesmedicine.diseaseAcquired immune systemResearch HighlightChemokine CXCL12Mice Inbred C57BLPhenotypeNeuroimmunologymedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleDura MaterStromal CellsNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCell
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Masculinity and Privileges: Acknowledge as a Potencial Articulator of Change

2021

El artículo que se presenta a continuación analiza discursivamente la percepción que los hombrestienen acerca de su situación de ventaja o privilegio (los dividendos patriarcales según Raewyn Connell, 1995) en tanto que varones y en un sistema de dominación como el patriarcado (en su momento actual). Se reflexiona desde la teoría y la empiria sobre su negación o reconocimiento y los mecanismos de investigación a través de los cuales podemos acceder a estas ideas y relatos en relación con los privilegios masculinos en los varones. Desde un punto de vista técnico-metodológico abordamos la complejidad deacceder a este tipo de conocimiento y algunas de las herramientas que desde la socioantropo…

MasculinityHegemonymedia_common.quotation_subjectPatriarchyBiographic interviewsPrivilegeObject (philosophy)Social researchEpistemologyGender StudiesPrivilegioMasculinidadMasculinityPerceptionPatriarchyPatriarcadoIdeologySociologyEntrevistas biográficasPrivilege (social inequality)media_common
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Historicising Cultural Sport Psychology : Dare we De-centre Methodological Eurocentrism?

2021

In this essay we critically reflect on our respective journeys to and within cultural sport psychology (CSP). Since the inception, CSP scholars have advocated for opening the privileged academic space for marginalised voices and omitted subject themes; as well as cautioned researchers that the CSP project itself needs to be constantly revisited and reworked to keep it in progressive flux. We argue that, despite some notable advances, CSP remains a predominantly white Anglo-American intellec-tual space and that previous calls to engage with issues of power and privilege in the prevailing knowledge production have been largely unanswered. The lack of diverse voices within the CSP community ma…

Methodological Decolonisationlänsimainen kulttuuriSubject (philosophy)Space (commercial competition)Power (social and political)Social JusticeIdentityPsychologyidentiteettiSociologyJusticia socialDescolonización metodológicaEurocentrismvaltarakenteetWhite (horse)metodologiaSign (semiotics)Gender studieskäytäntöMethodological decolonisationSport psychologysosiaalinen oikeudenmukaisuusPraxis culturalIdentidadBF1-990liikuntapsykologiaCultural praxisPsychology (miscellaneous)dekolonisaatioSocial justiceCultural PraxisPrivilege (social inequality)
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Racionalismo y emotivismo en perspectiva neuroética

2017

El desarrollo de la neuroética ha tendido a privilegiar el papel de la emoción en detrimento del razonamiento en la deliberación moral. En esta comunicación deseo contraponer dos modelos de deliberación moral que se han articulado desde la neuroética: uno de corte emotivista, desarrollado por Haidt y Lakoff y otro, pretendidamente racionalista, elaborado recientemente por Hugo Mercier. Mi objetivo es determinar si Mercier lleva realmente a cabo una rehabilitación del razonamiento en la neuroética o si, por el contrario, su planteamiento es deudor del de los enfoques emotivistas. PALABRAS CLAVE: neuroética, Lakoff, Haidt, Mercier, deliberación.

PhilosophyEmotivismPhilosophyMoral deliberationFilosofiaNeuroethicsPrivilege (social inequality)Epistemology
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Regulatory T cells selectively preserve immune privilege of self-antigens during viral central nervous system infection.

2012

Abstract Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important for the attenuation of immune reactions. During viral CNS infections, however, an indiscriminate maintenance of CNS immune privilege through Treg-mediated negative regulation could prevent autoimmune sequelae but impair the control of viral replication. We analyzed in this study the impact of Tregs on the development of acute viral encephalomyelitis, T cell-mediated antiviral protection, and prevention of CNS autoimmunity following intranasal infection with the gliatropic mouse hepatitis virus strain A59. To assess the contribution of Tregs in vivo, we specifically depleted CD4+Foxp3+ T cells in a diphtheria toxin-dependent manner. We found …

Receptors CXCR3T cellImmunologychemical and pharmacologic phenomenaAutoimmunityBiologyCD8-Positive T-Lymphocytesmedicine.disease_causeCXCR3Lymphocyte ActivationAutoantigensT-Lymphocytes RegulatoryLymphocyte DepletionAutoimmunity03 medical and health sciencesMice0302 clinical medicineCentral Nervous System InfectionsImmune privilegeImmunitymedicineImmunology and AllergyAnimalsHumansEncephalomyelitisAdministration Intranasal030304 developmental biologyCell Proliferation0303 health sciencesImmunity CellularMice Inbred BALB CMurine hepatitis virusFOXP3hemic and immune systemsForkhead Transcription Factors3. Good healthmedicine.anatomical_structureViral replicationImmunologyAcute DiseaseCD4 AntigensLymph NodesCoronavirus InfectionsCD8030215 immunologyJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
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The Strange Case of the Protective Perimeter: Liberties and Claims to Non-Interference

2011

In this paper I aim at pointing out some difficulties raised by the so-called thesis of the protective perimeter of liberties (ToPP), that is: the thesis according to which: neither a privilege necessarily involves a claim to non-interference, nor a claim to non-interference necessarily presupposes a privilege. As to the first aspect of the thesis, I argue that it relies on a misleading concept of ‘interference with a liberty’, which surfaces in the examples to which the thesis is made applicable. As to the second aspect of the thesis, I argue that the idea of someone having a claim to be unimpeded in wronging another person is a misleading description of the situation taken into considerat…

Rights. Protective perimeter of liberties. Claims to non-interference.Settore IUS/20 - Filosofia Del DirittoPublic interest theoryNon interferencePrivilege (computing)PhilosophyGeneral dutyLawSociologyPolitical philosophyPhilosophy of lawSettore IUS/17 - Diritto PenaleLawLaw and economicsLaw and Philosophy
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Security rights and insolvency law in the Roman legal system

2017

This chapter contains an analysis in depth of the Roman law system on security rights in rem (Spain, Italy, France).

Roman Legal SystemSecurity Rights in RemItalySpainPrivilegeFranceSettore IUS/04 - Diritto CommercialePledgeMortgage
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I più recenti sviluppi costituzionali del ciclo di bilancio

2023

The A. answer to a series of questions by the Director of the "Gruppo di Pisa" Journal. The questions concern the parliamentary procedure followed to enact the State Budget Law for the year 2023 (law No 197/2022). The A. debates over: the possibility to prove the evident violation of parliamentary privileges in the procedure followed by the two chambers of the Italian parliament (Const. court. orders Nos. 17/2019 and 60/2020); the impact of Next Generation EU and of NPRR over the National Budgetary procedures; the role played by the Budget Parliamentary Office (UPB) and by the State General Accounting Office in parliamentary procedures concerning the State Budget Law for the year 2023

Settore IUS/09 - Istituzioni Di Diritto PubblicoParliamentary PrivilegeConstitutional CourtSettore IUS/08 - Diritto CostituzionaleParliamentary ProcedureNPRRNational Budget Law
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