Search results for "probability"
showing 10 items of 3417 documents
A Naïve Sticky Information Model of Households’ Inflation Expectations
2009
This paper provides a simple epidemiology model where households, when forming their inflation expectations, rationally adopt the past release of inflation with certain probability rather than the forward-looking newspaper forecast as suggested in Carroll [2003, Macroeconomic Expectations of Households and Professional Forecasters, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 118, 269-298]. The posterior model probabilities based on the Michigan survey data strongly support the proposed model. We also extend the agent-based epidemiology model by deriving for it a simple adaptation, which is suitable for estimation. Our results show that this model is able to capture the heterogeneity in households’ expe…
Inflation shocks and income inequality
2019
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of inflationary shocks on inequality, using data of selected countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Design/methodology/approach Inflationary shocks were measured as deviations from core inflation, based on a genetic algorithm. Bayesian quantile regression was used to estimate the impact of inflationary shocks in different levels of inequality. Findings The results showed that inflationary shocks substantially affect countries with higher levels of inequality, thus suggesting that the detrimental impact of inflation is exacerbated by the high division of classes in a country. Originality/value The study contributes t…
Probabilistic quantum clustering
2020
Abstract Quantum Clustering is a powerful method to detect clusters with complex shapes. However, it is very sensitive to a length parameter that controls the shape of the Gaussian kernel associated with a wave function, which is employed in the Schrodinger equation with the role of a density estimator. In addition, linking data points into clusters requires local estimates of covariance which requires further parameters. This paper proposes a Bayesian framework that provides an objective measure of goodness-of-fit to the data, to optimise the adjustable parameters. This also quantifies the probabilities of cluster membership, thus partitioning the data into a specific number of clusters, w…
Diverging approaches to benefits realization from public ICT investments
2013
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore practical methods for benefits realisation, with the intention of investigating if they are variance of a theme or rather can be classified as different approaches.Design/methodology/approachBased on a document study of Norwegian methods‐in‐use, this study uses an analytical comparison following an assimilation‐accommodation procedure to categorize the chosen methods as instances of approaches to benefits realisation.FindingsThis study documents the emergence of several methods from practice in the last half decade. This analysis suggests the existence of three distinct approaches to benefits realisation and defines these according to their cen…
A Review of Business Intelligence and Analytics in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
2019
Business intelligence and analytics (BI&A) has become a cornerstone of many organizations in making informed decisions. Despite the importance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to all world economies, research in BI&A focuses mostly on large enterprises. To aid in closing this gap, this study provides a comprehensive review of the literature sources in this domain. Through a systematic literature review, this study collects, categorizes, synthesizes, and analyzes 78 articles related to BI&A in SMEs. The research topics that are addressed include BI&A components and solutions, Mobile BI&A, Cloud BI&A, and BI&A application, adoption, implementation, and …
Emotional after‐effects on the P3 component of the event‐related brain potential
2003
Agrowing body of literature indicates that affective states can influence cognitive processes. The core assumption of Ellis and Ashbrook's (1988) model explaining these emotional after-effects on cognition is that the emotional state regulates the allocation of processing resources. A negative emotional state is supposed to pre-empt capacity normally allocated to the cognitive task at hand. This is assumed to occur because the negative emotional state leads to an increase in intrusive, irrelevant thoughts, which compete with relevant cognitive activities and thus result in a lack of attention given to relevant features of the task to be performed. In the present study, the hypothesis that n…
Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Suicide-Related Emergency Calls
2017
Considerable effort has been devoted to incorporate temporal trends in disease mapping. In this line, this work describes the importance of including the effect of the seasonality in a particular setting related with suicides. In particular, the number of suicide-related emergency calls is modeled by means of an autoregressive approach to spatio-temporal disease mapping that allows for incorporating the possible interaction between both temporal and spatial effects. Results show the importance of including seasonality effect, as there are differences between the number of suicide-related emergency calls between the four seasons of each year.
ADC-Based Palladium Catalysts for Aqueous Suzuki Miyaura Cross-Coupling Exhibit Greater Activity than the Most Advantageous Catalytic Systems
2013
The reaction between the equimolar amounts of cis-[PdCl2(CNR1)2] (R1 = cyclohexyl (Cy) (1), tBu (2)) and the carbohydrazides R2CONHNH2 (R2 = Ph (5), 4-ClC6H4 (6), 3-NO2C6H4 (7), 4-NO2C6H4 (8), 4-CH3C6H4 (9), 3,4-(MeO)2C6H3 (10), naphth-1-yl (11), fur-2-yl (12), 4-NO2C6H4CH2 (13), Cy (14), 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl (15), (pyrrolidin-1-yl)C(O) (16)) proceeds in refluxing CHCl3 for ca. 4 h. A subsequent workup provided the aminocarbene species cis-[PdCl2{C(NHNHC(O)R2)═N(H)R1}(CNR1)] (18–33) in good to excellent (80–95%) isolated yields. The coupling of equimolar amounts of cis-[PdCl2(CNR1)2] (R1 = Cy (1), tBu (2), 2,6-Me2C6H3 (Xyl) (3), 2-Cl-6-MeC6H3 (4)) and PhSO2NHNH2 (17) occu…
Structural, magnetic and related attributes of some oximate-bridged tetranuclear nickel(ii) rhombs and a dinuclear congenerElectronic supplementary i…
2003
New oximate-bridged tetranuclear nickel(II) complexes of compositions {Ni(Dien)}2(μ3-OH)2{Ni2(Moda)4}(ClO4)2·Solv (Solv = H2O, 1a; Solv = 2CH3NO2, 1b; Solv = 2H2O·2C4H8O2, 1c), {Ni(Sdien)}2(μ3-OH)2{Ni2(Moda)4}(ClO4)2·H2O (2), {Ni(Odien)}2(μ3-OH)2{Ni2(Moda)4}(ClO4)2·0.6H2O (3), {Ni(Dien)}2(μ3-OH)2{Ni2(Inaf)4}(ClO4)2·CH3NO2 (4) and {Ni(Odien)}2(μ3-OH)2{Ni2(Inaf)4}(ClO4)2·2NaClO4·2H2O (5) and the dinuclear complex (Ni{Odien})2(Moda)2(ClO4)2 (6) have been prepared (Dien = 1,5-diamino-3-azapentane, Odien = 1,5-diamino-3-oxapentane, Sdien = 1,5-diamino-3-thiapentane, ModaH = butane-2,3-dione monooxime, InafH = phenylglyoxaldoxime). X-ray examination revealed similar structures for 1a, 1b, 1c, 2 a…
Robust stability and stabilization of uncertain T-S fuzzy systems with time-varying delay: An input-output approach
2013
An input-output approach to the stability and stabilization of uncertain Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with time-varying delay is proposed in this paper. The time-varying parameter uncertainties are assumed to be norm-bounded, and the delay is intervally time varying. A novel method is employed to approximate the time-varying delay, based on which the considered system is transformed into a feedback interconnection form. The new formulation of the system is comprised of a forward subsystem with constant time delay and a feedback subsystem embedding the uncertainties. By applying the scaled small-gain theorem to the converted system, less conservative stability and stabilization criteria…