Search results for "probe"
showing 10 items of 534 documents
Functional evidence of multidrug resistance transporters (MDR) in rodent olfactory epithelium.
2012
WOS: 000305340700029; International audience; BACKGROUND: P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1) are membrane transporter proteins which function as efflux pumps at cell membranes and are considered to exert a protective function against the entry of xenobiotics. While evidence for Pgp and MRP transporter activity is reported for olfactory tissue, their possible interaction and participation in the olfactory response has not been investigated. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Functional activity of putative MDR transporters was assessed by means of the fluorometric calcein acetoxymethyl ester (calcein-AM) accumulation assay on acute rat and mouse olfactory tissue slices.…
Neuroblastoma after Childhood: Prognostic Relevance of Segmental Chromosome Aberrations, ATRX Protein Status, and Immune Cell Infiltration
2014
AbstractNeuroblastoma (NB) is a common malignancy in children but rarely occurs during adolescence or adulthood. This subgroup is characterized by an indolent disease course, almost uniformly fatal, yet little is known about the biologic characteristics. The aim of this study was to identify differential features regarding DNA copy number alterations, α-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) protein expression, and the presence of tumor-associated inflammatory cells. Thirty-one NB patients older than 10 years who were included in the Spanish NB Registry were considered for the current study; seven young and middle-aged adult patients (range 18-60 years) formed part of the c…
Cytogenetic and molecular findings related to rhabdomyosarcoma. An analysis of seven cases.
2003
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in childhood. Histologically, it is subdivided histologically into two main subtypes: alveolar (ARMS) and embryonal (ERMS). ARMS is characterized by t(2;13)(q35;q14) or its variant t(1;13)(p36;q14), which fuse PAX3 and PAX7, respectively, with FKHR to produce chimeric genes. ERMS is frequently associated with loss of heterozygosity of 11p15.5. We investigated seven RMS (three ARMS and four ERMS) by means of cytogenetic, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and molecular analyses, including the study of the main genes implicated in the G1- to S-phase cell cycle transition, and correlated these studies with pathologic findings and c…
Nonradioactive Detection of Differentially Expressed Genes Using Complex RNA or DNA Hybridization Probes
1999
The analysis of differential gene expression has become increasingly important in recent years. Typically, differentially expressed genes are identified in a primary screening procedure, yielding candidate genes whose differential expression has to be verified. We provide a highly sensitive, efficient and nonradioactive differential screening procedure to analyze numerous candidate genes in a single step. This comprises labeling of poly(A)+ RNA of the cell types analyzed with DIG Chem-Link and differential hybridization to the candidate genes fixed on dot blots. DIG Chem-Link allows, to our knowledge, for the first time efficient and direct nonradioactive labeling of RNA in vitro. Advantag…
Transcriptional profiling of rat hypothalamus response to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-ρ-dioxin
2015
In some mammals, halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon (HAH) exposure causes wasting syndrome, defined as significant weight loss associated with lethal outcomes. The most potent HAH in causing wasting is 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-r-dioxin (TCDD), which exerts its toxic effects through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Since TCDD toxicity is thought to predominantly arise from dysregulation of AHR-transcribed genes, it was hypothesized that wasting syndrome is a result of to TCDD-induced dysregulation of genes involved in regulation of food-intake. As the hypothalamus is the central nervous systems' regulatory center for food-intake and energy balance. Therefore, mRNA abundances in hypothala…
A barium method for the cytochemical detection of sulfated glycosaminoglycans in mast cells and basophilic leukocytes.
1999
Barium ions precipitate inorganic as well as organic sulfate compounds and they can be detected by a reaction with sodium rhodizonate. In this work, we describe the use of a barium method for the selective demonstration of sulfated glycosaminoglycans in cytoplasmic granules of mast cells and basophilic leukocytes. Methanol-fixed smears of mouse peritoneal mast cells and rat bone marrow basophils were treated with 5% BaCl2 for 10 min, followed by staining with either 0.2% sodium rhodizonate in 50% ethanol for 2 h at 60 degrees C, or 0.01% brilliant green in distilled water for 1 min. Light microscopic observation revealed a strong staining reaction of the cytoplasmic granules of these cell t…
Expression of liver peroxisomal proteins as compared to other organelle marker enzymes in rats treated with hypolipidemic agents.
1990
Abstract Peroxisome proliferation induced by 2 hypolipidemic agents (clofibrate and ciprofibrate) was studied in rats by complementary approaches, ie cell fractionation, electron microscopy, marker enzyme activities, immunoblotting and nucleic acid hybridization techniques. Administration of clofibrates for 2 and 52 weeks in doses of 500 ppm and 50 ppm respectively, or ciprofibrate for 2,28 and 52 weeks in doses of 250, 25 and 25 ppm respectively, did not alter the behavior of the peroxisomes after induction as shown by ultracentrifugation profiles. The peroxisome mass was increased as shown by the purification procedure. Specific enzymes (catalase and mostly cyanide insensitive palmitoyl C…
Complement C1q is dramatically up-regulated in brain microglia in response to transient global cerebral ischemia.
2000
Abstract Recent evidence suggests that the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative and inflammatory neurological diseases has a neuroimmunological component involving complement, an innate humoral immune defense system. The present study demonstrates the effects of experimentally induced global ischemia on the biosynthesis of C1q, the recognition subcomponent of the classical complement activation pathway, in the CNS. Using semiquantitative in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and confocal laser scanning microscopy, a dramatic and widespread increase of C1q biosynthesis in rat brain microglia (but not in astrocytes or neurons) within 24 h after the ischemic insult was observed. A marke…
Intraoperative localization of malignant pheochromocytoma by 123-i-metaiodobenzylguanidine single probe measurement
1988
Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) imaging is a well-established method for locating intra- and extraadrenal pheochromocytomas. We investigated whether preoperative injection of 123-I-MIBG might be useful for intraoperative staging of chromaffine tumor cells. This was performed in a 46-year-old patient in whom the diagnosis of a malignant pheochromocytoma had been established by 123-I-MIBG imaging and enhanced catecholamine secretion. The rationale for intraoperative staging in this patient was a discrepancy between computed tomography (CI) of the abdomen and the radionuclide imaging, because scintigraphy revealed a mass with MIBG uptake in the right lower abdomen that could not be visualized b…
Glucose/galactose malabsorption caused by a defect in the Na+/glucose cotransporter.
1991
Glucose/galactose malabsorption (GGM) is an autosomal recessive disease manifesting within the first weeks of life and characterized by a selective failure to absorb dietary glucose and galactose from the intestine. The consequent severe diarrhoea and dehydration are usually fatal unless these sugars are eliminated from the diet. Intestinal biopsies of GGM patients have revealed a specific defect in Na(+)-dependent absorption of glucose in the brush border. Normal glucose absorption is mediated by the Na+/glucose cotransporter in the brush border membrane of the intestinal epithelium. Cellular influx is driven by the transmembrane Na+ electrochemical potential gradient; thereafter the sugar…