Search results for "processing."
showing 10 items of 8323 documents
Food Processing at a Crossroad
2019
Recently, processed foods received negative images among consumers and experts regarding food-health imbalance. This stresses the importance of the food processing—nutrition interface and its relevance within the diet-health debates. In this review, we approach the related questions in a 3-fold way. Pointing out the distinguished role food processing has played in the development of the human condition and during its 1.7 million year old history, we show the function of food processing for the general design principles of food products. Secondly, a detailed analysis of consumer related design principles and processing reveals questions remaining from the historical transformation from basic…
Metabolic Imaging in Multicellular Spheroids of Oncogene-transfected Fibroblasts
2000
Four rat embryo fibroblast (REF) cell lines with defined oncogenic transformation were used to study the relationship between tumorigenic conversion, metabolism, and development of cell death in a 3D spheroid system. Rat1 (spontaneously immortalized) and M1 ( myc-transfected) fibroblasts represent early nontumorigenic transformation stages, whereas Rat1-T1 (T24Ha- ras-transfected Rat1) and MR1 ( myc/T24Ha- ras-co-transfected REF) cells express a highly tumorigenic phenotype. Localized ATP, glucose, and lactate concentrations in spheroid median sections were determined by imaging bioluminescence. ATP concentrations were low in the nonproliferating Rat1 aggregates despite sufficient oxygen an…
Post-transcriptional, post-translational and pharmacological regulation of tissue factor pathway inhibitor.
2018
: Tissue factor (TF) pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is an endogenous natural anticoagulant that readily inhibits the extrinsic coagulation initiation complex (TF-FVIIa-Xa) and prothrombinase (FXa, FVa and calcium ions). Alternatively, spliced TFPI isoforms (α, β and δ) are expressed by vascular and extravascular cells and regulate thrombosis and haemostasis, as well as cell signalling functions of TF complexes via protease-activated receptors (PARs). Proteolysis of TFPI plays an important role in regulating physiological roles of the TF pathway in host defense and possibly haemostasis. Elimination of TFPI inhibition has therefore been proposed as an approach to improve haemostasis in haemophilia …
Host Cell Calpains Can Cleave Structural Proteins from the Enterovirus Polyprotein
2019
Enteroviruses are small RNA viruses that cause diseases with various symptoms ranging from mild to severe. Enterovirus proteins are translated as a single polyprotein, which is cleaved by viral proteases to release capsid and nonstructural proteins. Here, we show that also cellular calpains have a potential role in the processing of the enteroviral polyprotein. Using purified calpains 1 and 2 in an in vitro assay, we show that addition of calpains leads to an increase in the release of VP1 and VP3 capsid proteins from P1 of enterovirus B species, detected by western blotting. This was prevented with a calpain inhibitor and was dependent on optimal calcium concentration, especially for calpa…
Phosphorylation and proteasome recognition of the mRNA- binding protein Cth2 facilitates yeast adaptation to iron deficiency
2018
Iron is an indispensable micronutrient for all eukaryotic organisms due to its participation as a redox cofactor in many metabolic pathways. Iron imbalance leads to the most frequent human nutritional deficiency in the world. Adaptation to iron limitation requires a global reorganization of the cellular metabolism directed to prioritize iron utilization for essential processes. In response to iron scarcity, the conserved Saccharomyces cerevisiae mRNA-binding protein Cth2, which belongs to the tristetraprolin family of tandem zinc finger proteins, coordinates a global remodeling of the cellular metabolism by promoting the degradation of multiple mRNAs encoding highly iron-consuming proteins.…
Oxidative post‐translational modifications in histones
2019
Epigenetic regulation is attracting much attention because it explains many of the effects that the external environment induces in organisms. Changes in the cellular redox status and even more specifically in its nuclear redox compartment is one of these examples. Redox changes can induce modulation of the epigenetic regulation in cells. Here we present a few cases where reactive oxygen or nitrogen species induces epigenetic marks in histones. Posttranslational modification of these proteins like histone nitrosylation, carbonylation, or glutathionylation together with other mechanisms not reviewed here are the cornerstones of redox-related epigenetic regulation. We currently face a new fie…
Fungicide resistance towards fludioxonil conferred by overexpression of the phosphatase gene Mo PTP 2 in Magnaporthe oryzae
2018
The fungicide fludioxonil causes hyperactivation of the Hog1p MAPK within the high-osmolarity glycerol signaling pathway essential for osmoregulation in pathogenic fungi. The molecular regulation of MoHog1p phosphorylation is not completely understood in pathogenic fungi. Thus, we identified and characterized the putative MoHog1p-interacting phosphatase gene MoPTP2 in the filamentous rice pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. We found overexpression of MoPTP2 conferred fludioxonil resistance in M. oryzae, whereas the 'loss of function' mutant ΔMoptp2 was more susceptible toward the fungicide. Additionally, quantitative phosphoproteome profiling of MoHog1p phosphorylation revealed lower phosphorylati…
Multicentric study of the effect of pre-analytical variables in the quality of plasma samples stored in biobanks using different complementary proteo…
2016
12 páginas, 7 figuras.-- Jesús Mateos ... et al.
Field tests of astrometric subsystem
2016
The paper presents results of astrometric subsystem’s functionality tests for space object laser ranging and astrometric position determination device, which is under construction in the Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformatics (GGI) of the University of Latvia. Properties of hardware performance for astrometric image acquisition were evaluated and optimal parameters have been selected. Software for image processing and calculation of instrument orientation was tested and adjustments have been made for real-time operation support. Object tracking properties were evaluated, and mount error model parameters were calculated, using test measurements.
New Approach of Controlling Cardiac Alternans
2018
The alternans of the cardiac action potential duration is a pathological rhythm. It is considered to be relating to the onset of ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. It is well known that, the predictive control is among the control methods that use the chaos to stabilize the unstable fixed point. Firstly, we show that alternans (or period-2 orbit) can be suppressed temporally by the predictive control of the periodic state of the system. Secondly, we determine an estimation of the size of a restricted attraction's basin of the unstable equilibrium point representing the unstable regular rhythm stabilized by the control. This result allows the application of predictive control…