Search results for "processing"

Numerical Analysis of Word Frequencies in Artificial and Natural Language Texts

1997

We perform a numerical study of the statistical properties of natural texts written in English and of two types of artificial texts. As statistical tools we use the conventional Zipf analysis of the distribution of words and the inverse Zipf analysis of the distribution of frequencies of words, the analysis of vocabulary growth, the Shannon entropy and a quantity which is a nonlinear function of frequencies of words, the frequency "entropy". Our numerical results, obtained by investigation of eight complete books and sixteen related artificial texts, suggest that, among these analyses, the analysis of vocabulary growth shows the most striking difference between natural and artificial texts…

2014

Codebook is an effective image representation method. By clustering in local image descriptors, a codebook is shown to be a distinctive image feature and widely applied in object classification. In almost all existing works on codebooks, the building of the visual vocabulary follows a basic routine, that is, extracting local image descriptors and clustering with a user-designated number of clusters. The problem with this routine lies in that building a codebook for each single dataset is not efficient. In order to deal with this problem, we investigate the influence of vocabulary sizes on classification performance and vocabulary universality with the kNN classifier. Experimental results in…

A practical solution to the problem of automatic part-of-speech induction from text

2005

The problem of part-of-speech induction from text involves two aspects: Firstly, a set of word classes is to be derived automatically. Secondly, each word of a vocabulary is to be assigned to one or several of these word classes. In this paper we present a method that solves both problems with good accuracy. Our approach adopts a mixture of statistical methods that have been successfully applied in word sense induction. Its main advantage over previous attempts is that it reduces the syntactic space to only the most important dimensions, thereby almost eliminating the otherwise omnipresent problem of data sparseness.

What Conclusions does Rapid Image Classification by Eye Movements Provide for Machine Vision?

2008

Human ability to rapidly classify images of natural objects has been a matter of study for more than a decade. Recently eye movements have been exploited as a behavioural response, which has lead to alternative hypotheses of natural image processing. In this research, twelve volunteers made a movement towards a briefly displayed digital image if it was an animal, and a movement away otherwise. In both cases, the average response time was more than 400 milliseconds.

Optimal configuration for size-based burst assembly algorithms at the edge node for video traffic transmissions over OBS networks

2008

Optical burst switching (OBS) has been proposed to be a technology for implementing the next generation optical Internet. In this architecture, burst assembly algorithms have an important influence in the pattern traffic that characteristic this sort of optical networks. On the other hand, traffic coming from new applications (such as video on demand, Voice over IP, online gaming or Grid computing) that have real time and bandwidth constraints, has been experimented a rapid increment. Consequently, we consider important to evaluate the performance of traffic from real time applications over OBS networks. In this paper, we evaluate the effects of implementing a size-based burst assembly sche…

The bridge volcanic LIdar-BILLI: A review of data collection and processing techniques in the Italian most hazardous volcanic areas

2020

Volcanologists have demonstrated that carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes are precursors of volcanic eruptions. Controlling volcanic gases and, in particular, the CO2 flux, is technically challenging, but we can retrieve useful information from magmatic/geological process studies for the mitigation of volcanic hazards including air traffic security. Existing techniques used to probe volcanic gas fluxes have severe limitations such as the requirement of near-vent in situ measurements, which is unsafe for operators and deleterious for equipment. In order to overcome these limitations, a novel range-resolved DIAL-Lidar (Differential Absorption Light Detection and Ranging) has been developed as part of…

LocalRec 2018 workshop report the second ACM SIGSPATIAL workshop on recommendations for location-based services and social networks * Seattle, Washin…

2019

Driven by technological advances in hardware (positioning systems, environmental sensors), software (standards, tools, network services), and aided by various open movements (open, linked, government data) and the ever-growing mentality of sharing for the greater good (crowdsourcing, crowdfunding, collaborative and volunteered geographic information), the amount of available geo-referenced data has seen dramatic explosion over the past few years. Human activities generate data and traces that are now often transparently annotated with location and contextual information. At the same time, it has become easier than ever to collect and combine rich and diverse information about locations. Exp…

Técnicas de análisis de posproceso en resonancia magnetica parael estudio de la conectividad cerebral

2011

Brain connectivity is a key concept for understanding brain function. Current methods to detect and quantify different types of connectivity with neuroimaging techniques are fundamental for understanding the pathophysiology of many neurologic and psychiatric disorders. This article aims to present a critical review of the magnetic resonance imaging techniques used to measure brain connectivity within the context of the Human Connectome Project. We review techniques used to measure: a) structural connectivity b) functional connectivity (main component analysis, independent component analysis, seed voxel, meta-analysis), and c) effective connectivity (psychophysiological interactions, causal …

A Spatial Pyramidal Decomposition Method for ear representation using local dual cross patterns

2019

International audience; In recent years, several scientific works are oriented to develop optimal ear representation, for ear recognition, which is discriminant, compact, and easyto-implement to ensure the best performance in terms of accuracy, computation cost, and storage requirement. In this manner, this paper presents a novel ear representation based on texture analysis framework, which relies mainly on Dual Cross Pattern (DCP) descriptor and Spatial Pyramid Histogram (SPH) method. The features are extracted using DCP descriptor to capture the textural structure then, the SPH of horizontal ear decomposition is applied to obtain the local information. The feature vector representations o…

On solving single elevator-like problems using a learning automata-based paradigm

2020

This paper concentrates on a host of problems with characteristics similar to those that are related to moving elevators within a building. These are referred to as Elevator-like problems (ELPs), and their common phenomena will be expanded on in the body of the paper. We shall resolve ELPs using a subfield of AI, namely the field of learning automata (LA). Rather than working with the well-established mathematical formulations of the field, our intention is to use these tools to tackle ELPs, and in particular, those that deal with single “elevators” moving between “floors”. ELPs have not been tackled before using AI. In a simplified domain, the ELP involves the problem of optimizing the sch…