Search results for "productivity."

Efficiency and Productivity of Italian Tourist Destinations: A Quantitative Estimation Based on Data Envelopment Analysis and the Malmquidt Method

2006

This paper aims to provide a statistical analysis of the relative economic performance of Italian tourist areas. It uses two modelling approaches to estimate the competitiveness of these regions, viz. data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist method. Our results show that the competitiveness position of several Italian regions has not improved over the years under consideration.

The Long-Term Patterns of Regional Income Inequality in Spain, 1860–2000

2013

This paper studies the evolution of Spanish regional inequality from 1860 to 2000. The results point to the coexistence of two basic forces behind changes in regional economic inequality: differences in economic structure and labor productivity across regions. In the Spanish case, the initial expansion of industrialization during the period 1860-1900, in a context of growing economic integration of regions, promoted the spatial concentration of manufacturing in certain regions, which also benefited from the greatest advances in terms of labor productivity. Since 1900 and until 1985, the diffusion of manufacturing and services production to a greater number of locations generated the emulati…

Efficiency and Productivity of Italian Touris Destinations: A Quantitative Estimation Based on Data Envelopment Analysis and the Malmquist Method

2007

This paper aims to provide a statistical analysis of the relative economic performance of Italian tourist areas. It uses two modelling approaches to estimate the competitiveness of these regions, viz. data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist method. Our results show that the competitiveness position of several Italian regions has not improved over the years under consideration.

R&D Offshoring and the Productivity Growth of European Regions

2013

The recent increase in R&D offshoring have raised fears that knowledge and competitiveness in advanced countries may be at risk of `hollowing out\'. At the same time, economic research has stressed that this process is also likely to allow some reverse technology transfer and foster growth at home. This paper addresses this issue by investigating the extent to which R&D offshoring is associated with productivity dynamics of European regions. We find that offshoring regions have higher productivity growth, but this positive effect fades down with the number of investment projects carried out abroad. A large and positive correlation emerge between the extent of R&D offshoring and the home reg…

The Macroeconomy after Tariffs

2021

Urology Residency Training in Italy: Results of the First National Survey

2018

Background: Numerous surveys have been performed to determine the competence and the confidence of residents. However, there is no data available on the condition of Italian residents in urology. Objective: To investigate the status of training among Italian residents in urology regarding scientific activity and surgical exposure. Design, setting, and participants: A web-based survey that included 445 residents from all of the 25 Italian Residency Programmes was conducted between September 2015 and November 2015. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: The main outcomes were represented by scientific activity, involvement in surgical procedures, and overall satisfaction. Results and …

Estimating crop primary productivity with Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 using machine learning methods trained with radiative transfer simulations

2019

Abstract Satellite remote sensing has been widely used in the last decades for agricultural applications, both for assessing vegetation condition and for subsequent yield prediction. Existing remote sensing-based methods to estimate gross primary productivity (GPP), which is an important variable to indicate crop photosynthetic function and stress, typically rely on empirical or semi-empirical approaches, which tend to over-simplify photosynthetic mechanisms. In this work, we take advantage of all parallel developments in mechanistic photosynthesis modeling and satellite data availability for an advanced monitoring of crop productivity. In particular, we combine process-based modeling with …

EVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR

2016

The paper is focused on the efficiency of government activities and possibilities of evaluating it. Nowadays an appropriate use of public finances is an urgent problem of financial management of the state. Therefore, a special emphasis is put on the necessity to evaluate the results of activities of the public sector. These results have become an important element of the public financial system oriented towards results, as they form a stable base for planning and evaluating government budget resources. Being unaware of results, it is impossible to estimate if the aims and tasks set by the government financial policy are real and appropriate to the current situation and financial resources. …

Context Aware Mobile Learning as a Factor for Economic Growth

2015

Abstract Mobile technologies have become an integral tool for communication and information delivery. It transformed educational paradigms from traditional one-size-fits-all to personalized and context aware learning. Such education can support human resources development, resulting in improved outcomes. Quality of education and working skills are the important driving force for economic development. This paper deals with the role of mobile learning in education, which is unique in terms of flexibility of time and location, but it requires extra planning and analyses of appropriate technologies during learning design process. The contextual information can be static, but some parts are dyna…

No evidence of trophic cascades in an experimental microbial-based soil food web

1998

Trophic-dynamic theories predict the biomass and productivity of trophic levels to be partially top-down regulated in food webs, and that the top-down regulation will manifest itself as cascading trophic interactions. We tested the two principal predictions deduced from these theories: trophic cascades of (1) biomass regulation and (2) productivity regulation occur in food webs. We created three food webs with either one, two, or three trophic levels in soil microcosms containing a sterilized mixture of leaf litter and humus. Twenty species of bacteria and fungi formed the first trophic level, a bacterivorous nematode (Caenorhabditis elegans) and a fungivorous nematode (Aphelenchoides sp.) …