Search results for "profit"

Non-profit entities between generalistic vs. specialistic approaches on a systematics of levels of definitions and classifications

2012

This paper starts from the absence of a theory of Non-Profit Entities (NPE)in proper accounting or 'business economics' approaches. Accounting was traditionally developed by and for firms and is only roughly approaching the non-profit dominium. In doing so, we experience either an excessive generalism or excessive specialism. Hence, we seek a multi-level setting of the problem: general properties or 'characteristics' for entities in general, special properties or 'characterisations' for NPEs, and further properties of the main classes of NPEs. The chief outcome is the definition of based on the production of 'social' value and a further classification between NPOs and 'social' firms and, li…

Understanding short- and long-term implications of “myopic” fleet maintenance policies: a system dynamics application to a city bus company

2010

Financial losses recorded in city bus companies often force managers to implement restructuring strategies aimed at improving business results. However, such decisions may not produce the expected consequences for a number of reasons. Both the internal and external environment in which such companies operate can make the design and implementation of long-term sustainable policies quite difficult. In fact, the result may be that decision makers introduce "effective" policies in a company subsystem, while ignoring the medium- and long-term implications of such decisions in the performance of the whole company. With the aim to detect the main causes underlying "myopic" fleet maintenance polici…

Il nonprofit: un chiarimento

2010

Bank Reliability Assessment Model: Case of Latvia

2020

Reliable and stable banks are an important precondition for the sustainable development of national economy. The objective of the chapter is to design a model allowing assessment of bank reliability in the context of bank financial strength. The model is designed using publicly available financial statement data of Latvian commercial banks, in the period of 2003–2016, macroeconomic data as well as aggregate statistical data of Latvian banking sector. The model allows calculation of ratings reflecting reliability level of banks. The model is designed based on the multiple choice model ordered logit. The chapter identifies the most important factors reflecting reliability level of banks, incl…

Another Look on Choosing Factors: The International Evidence

2019

Extending Fama and French’s (2018) U.S. study on choosing factors to international equity markets, we test nested and non-nested asset pricing models for North America, Europe, Asia excluding Japan, and Japan. For non-nested models, we propose a new simulation methodology using a blocks bootstrap approach that takes into account factor dependencies. The resultant out-of-sample Sharpe ratios across all models and countries are lower than Fama and French’s pairs bootstrap approach. While we confirm that the six-factor model with market, size, and small size spread factors for value, profit, investment, and momentum produces the highest maximum squared Sharpe ratio in most economies, an except…

Predicting attitudes and behavioural intentions towards social entrepreneurship: the role of servant leadership in young people / Predicción de las a…

2018

: Social entrepreneurship (SE) refers to the development of innovative projects whose main aim is not individual profit but the transformation of society. The issue is particularly important for pr...

Recent Evolutions of the Social Economy in the European Union

2017

The general objective of the Report is to study the recent evolution of the social economy in the European Union. It focuses on three areas: firstly, the social economy and the emergent concepts/movements related to it, secondly, the public policies adopted in both the EU and the member states in recent years to enhance the social economy sector and thirdly, measuring the weight of the social economy in each EU member country. This Report shows that the European social economy provides over 13.6 million paid jobs in Europe, accounting for 6.3% of the total EU working population of the EU-28. Despite its size, the social economy remains invisible in the national accounts and statistics aroun…

Effectiveness & the role of social media in a small organization's strategy in the personal training industry

2018

Ihmisten kiinnostus omaa hyvinvointia sekä fitness-alaa kohtaan ovat kasvaneet viimeisten vuosikymmenten aikana. Kysyntä personal trainereille on nousussa, ja itse ala kasvattaa suosiotaan koko ajan. Samaan aikaan sosiaalinen media on noussut vahvaksi osaksi ihmisten jokapäiväistä elämää. Nykyisin sosiaalista mediaa ei käytä vain kuluttajat, vaan monet organisaatiot ovat myös oppineet hyödyntämään sen tarjoamia mahdollisuuksia. Sosiaalinen media on mahdollistanut uudenlaisen tavan organisaatioille kommunikoida kuluttajien kanssa, mikä on tuonut organisaatiot ja kuluttajat lähemmäksi toisiaan. Monet organisaatiot eivät kuitenkaan tiedä, kuinka hyödyntää sosiaalista mediaa tehokkaimmalla mahd…

Banking in Spain

2016

This chapter aims to explore recent developments in the Spanish banking industry and the measures adopted in recent years to correct the imbalances that built up during the expansion, in order to give an up-to-date picture of the sector in the international context. To this end, the chapter is divided into four sections. The section following the Introduction examines the importance of the banking sector in the Spanish economy using various indicators of banking penetration. The next section, “Characteristics of the Spanish Banking Sector: Recent Trends”, looks at key features of the banking sector and its evolution in terms of a range of measures, including margins, profitability, efficien…

Economic values for production and functional traits in Valle del Belice dairy sheep using profit functions

2011

Abstract A deterministic static model was used to estimate the economic values (EV) of production (MY, milk yield; BW, birth weight; and ADG, average daily gain) and functional traits (ASR, adult survival rate; LSR, lamb survival rate; FE, fertility; PR, prolificacy; and LW ewe , mature weight of ewe) in Valle del Belice dairy sheep. In this study, values for the biological parameters and the production traits used in the model were taken from real data, by surveying 15 Valle del Belice farmers and reflected the production circumstances of pasture based dairy production systems. In this system feed cost accounted for 95% of total variable costs, whereas fixed costs were low and reflected tr…