Search results for "programming."

showing 10 items of 3035 documents

The Life, Death and Miracles of Alan Mathison Turing

2010

The life of Alan Turing is described in many biographies. The best and most encyclopaedic of these is that of Andrew Hodges; quite pleasant is the agile volume by Gianni Rigamonti, Turing, il genio e lo scandalo (Flaccovio editore, Palermo, 1991). Both of these also make mention of his tragic end, which certainly casts a shadow on the mores English society at the time; but of course, who knows how other societies might have behaved?

PsychoanalysisMoresSettore INF/01 - InformaticaPhilosophyArt historylaw.inventionTuring machinesymbols.namesakelawTuring computabilità intelligenza artificialesymbolsUniversal Turing machineTuringcomputercomputer.programming_languageShadow (psychology)
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Auditory temporal processing in schizophrenia: high level rather than low level deficits?

2006

INTRODUCTION: Patients with schizophrenia demonstrate a wide range of information processing deficits. Most recent studies argue in favour of high level deficits, including attention and context processing, whereas fewer studies have demonstrated deficits at earlier stages of processing, such as perceptual discrimination and organisation. This is the first study to investigate both high and low level processing, within a single paradigm, in the case of auditory temporal processing in schizophrenia. METHODS: Patients with schizophrenia were compared to controls on a series of tasks involving three auditory temporal processes varying from low to higher level: (1) segregation of a complex sequ…

PsychosisContext processingCognitive NeuroscienceSchizophrenia (object-oriented programming)Cognitive disorderInformation processingTime perceptionmedicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthPerceptual discriminationmedicineLevels-of-processing effectPsychologyCognitive psychologyCognitive neuropsychiatry
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Disturbed structural connectivity in schizophrenia primary factor in pathology or epiphenomenon?

2007

Indirect evidence for disturbed structural connectivity of subcortical fiber tracts in schizophrenia has been obtained from functional neuroimaging and electrophysiologic studies. During the past few years, new structural imaging methods have become available. Diffusion tensor imaging and magnetization transfer imaging (MTI) have been used to investigate directly whether fiber tract abnormalities are indeed present in schizophrenia. To date, findings are inconsistent that may express problems related to methodological issues and sample size. Also, pathological processes detectable with these new techniques are not yet well understood. Nevertheless, with growing evidence of disturbed structu…

PsychosisPathologymedicine.medical_specialtySchizophrenia (object-oriented programming)Neuregulin-1EpiphenomenonNerve Tissue ProteinsMyelinNerve FibersFunctional neuroimagingmental disordersmedicineHumansNeuregulin 1Myelin SheathbiologyGenes erbBmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingOligodendrocytePsychiatry and Mental healthOligodendrogliamedicine.anatomical_structureDiffusion Magnetic Resonance Imagingbiology.proteinSchizophreniaNeuregulinNerve NetPsychologyNeuroscienceRegular ArticlesSchizophrenia bulletin
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Characterizing the Theory of Mind Network in Schizophrenia Reveals a Sparser Network Structure

2021

AbstractImpaired social functioning is a hallmark of schizophrenia and altered functional integration between distant brain regions are expected to account for signs and symptoms of the disorder. The functional neuroarchitecture of a network relevant for social functioning, the mentalizing network, is however poorly understood. In this study we examined dysfunctions of the mentalizing network in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls via dynamic causal modelling and an interactive social decision-making game. Network characteristics were analyzed on a single subject basis whereas graph theoretic metrics such as in-degree, out-degree and edge-connectivity per network node w…

PsychosisSchizophrenia (object-oriented programming)Theory of MindNetwork structureSigns and symptoms03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSocial cognitionTheory of mindNeural PathwaysmedicineHumansBiological PsychiatryBrain MappingFunctional integration (neurobiology)Dynamic causal modellingBrainDorsomedial prefrontal cortexmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance Imaging030227 psychiatryPsychiatry and Mental healthMentalizationSchizophreniaPsychologyNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Manipulating feedback on schizophrenia: Evidence from a Posner task.

2021

Abstract Individuals with schizophrenia show difficulties in achieving vital objectives. Abnormal behavioral and emotional responses to environmental feedback may be some of the psychological mechanisms underlying this lack of goal attainment in schizophrenia. The present study aims to assess how different types of feedback may affect performance in a computerized affective Posner task (non-monetary vs. monetary rewards; contingent vs. non-contingent feedback). The sample was composed of 32 patients with schizophrenia and 35 controls. Reaction times and error rates were the behavioral measurements. The emotional experience was assessed through self-reported affective scales. The results ind…

PsychosisSchizophrenia (object-oriented programming)media_common.quotation_subjectFrustrationAffect (psychology)medicine.diseaseTask (project management)ArousalFeedbackPsychiatry and Mental healthFeelingRewardmedicineReaction TimeSchizophreniaHumansIn patientAttentionPsychologyBiological PsychiatryCognitive psychologymedia_commonJournal of psychiatric research
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Advice for health-care professionals on how to retrieve more efficiently scientifically strong and up-to-date studies on treatments by PubMed.

2008

AND trial (Title/Abstract))). Obviously, clini- cians using the PubMed Clinical Queries may be unaware of the PubMed search engine technical approach even whether they can remain unaware of what the PubMed search engine is doing. We demonstrated substantial mild retrieval bias of PubMed Clinical Queries filter focusing on therapy (narrow search) that can miss up-to-date scientifically information on treatments. This bias occurs because the search string does not consider the Britannic English variant of the term randomized (i.e., randomised). We suggested a slight change in the original search string by the addition of the term randomised as follows: (randomized controlled trial (Publicatio…

PubMedEvidence-Based Medicinebusiness.industryHealth PersonnelAccess to Information MEDLINEInformation Storage and RetrievalSlight changemedicine.diseaseDatabases BibliographicAdvice (programming)law.inventionAccess to InformationRandomized controlled trialHealth OccupationslawHealth careEmergency MedicineInternal MedicineHumansMedicineMedical emergencybusiness
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Calculus Self-Efficacy Inventory : Its Development and Relationship with Approaches to Learning

2019

This study was framed within a quantitative research methodology to develop a concise measure of calculus self-efficacy with high psychometric properties. A survey research design was adopted in which 234 engineering and economics students rated their confidence in solving year-one calculus tasks on a 15-item inventory. The results of a series of exploratory factor analyses using minimum rank factor analysis for factor extraction, oblique promin rotation, and parallel analysis for retaining extracted factors revealed a one-factor solution of the model. The final 13-item inventory was unidimensional with all eigenvalues greater than 0.42, an average communality of 0.74, and a 62.55% variance…

Public AdministrationPsychometricseducationPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationMeasure (mathematics)surface approachEducationCorrelation0504 sociologyCronbach's alphaDevelopmental and Educational PsychologyComputer Science (miscellaneous)Calculusparallel analysisMathematicsSelf-efficacydeep approachSeries (mathematics)05 social sciencesRank (computer programming)050401 social sciences methods050301 educationVariance (accounting)Computer Science Applicationsstomatognathic diseaseshigher educationlcsh:Lself-efficacy0503 educationlcsh:Education
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THE COSMOPOLITANISM OF COMMUNITIES: PUBLIC SPACE AS A GENERATOR OF EQUALITY AND DEMOCRACY

2021

The era in which we live, that of the networked society, of the society of knowledge, of globalization, the era in which everyone is connected to each other by annihilating geographical distances thanks to the dematerialization allowed by virtual processes, is the era in which the intensification of flows in every direction contrasts with the materialisation of borders and barriers, the proliferation of inequalities, social conflicts and personal hardship. The social separation corresponds, therefore, to a spatial separation, which creates stigmatized neighbourhoods, concentrations of problems in specific areas such as, among all, the suburbs and some areas of the historic centres. Then one…

Public spacepublic space democracy urban cosmopolitanism urban syncretismGenerator (computer programming)Political sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectCosmopolitanismSettore ICAR/21 - UrbanisticaDemocracymedia_commonLaw and economics
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Privacy Preserving Client/Vertical-Servers Classification

2019

We present a novel client/vertical-servers architecture for hybrid multi-party classification problem. The model consists of clients whose attributes are distributed on multiple servers and remain secret during training and testing. Our solution builds privacy-preserving random forests and completes them with a special private set intersection protocol that provides a central commodity server with anonymous conditional statistics. Subsequently, the private set intersection protocol can be used to privately classify the queries of new clients using the commodity server’s statistics. The proviso is that the commodity server must not collude with other parties. In cases where this restriction …

Public-key cryptographyComputer sciencebusiness.industryServerCommoditySecure multi-party computationEffective methodArchitecturebusinessProtocol (object-oriented programming)Random forestComputer network
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Improved Magic Ink Signatures Using Hints

1999

We introduce two improvements to the recently proposed so called magic ink DSS signatures. A first improvement is that we reduce the overhead for tracing without noticeably increasing any other cost. The tracing cost is linear in the number of generated signatures in the original proposal; our improved version reduces this to a logarithmic cost in the common case. A second improvement is that we introduce a method for determining whether forged currency is in circulation, without affecting the privacy of honest users. Our improvements rely on our introducing a so called hint value. This is an encryption of the signature transcript received, submitted by the signature receiver. Part of the p…

Public-key cryptographyTheoretical computer sciencebusiness.industryComputer scienceMagic (programming)PlaintextCryptographyEncryptionbusinessAlgorithmSecret sharing
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