Search results for "promoter"

showing 10 items of 584 documents

Mycobacterial antigen(s) induce anergy by altering TCR- and TCR/CD28-induced signalling events: insights into T-cell unresponsiveness in leprosy.

2009

Present study investigates the role of Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) antigens on TCR- and TCR/CD28-induced signalling leading to T-cell activation and further correlates these early biochemical events with T-cell anergy, as prevailed in advanced stages of leprosy. We observed that both whole cell lystae (WCL) and soluble fraction of M. leprae sonicate (MLSA) not only inhibited TCR, thapsigargin and ionomycin induced calcium fluxes by diminishing the opening of calcium channels, but also TCR- or TCR/CD28-induced proximal signalling events like phosphorylation of Zap-70 and protein kinase-C (PKC) activity. Study of TCR- and TCR/CD28-induced downstream signals revealed that M. leprae antige…

Antigens Differentiation T-LymphocyteMAP Kinase Signaling SystemT cellT-LymphocytesImmunologyReceptors Antigen T-Cellchemical and pharmacologic phenomenaBiologyLymphocyte ActivationJurkat cellsp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinaseschemistry.chemical_compoundJurkat CellsCD28 AntigensAntigens CDLeprosyCalcium fluxmedicineHumansLectins C-TypeEnzyme InhibitorsPromoter Regions GeneticMolecular BiologyMycobacterium lepraeProtein Kinase CCell ProliferationClonal AnergyAntigens BacterialMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine KinaseIonophoresNFATC Transcription FactorsIonomycinT-cell receptorInterleukin-2 Receptor alpha SubunitCD28hemic and immune systemsNFATbiology.organism_classificationCell biologyMycobacterium lepraemedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryGene Expression RegulationIonomycinImmunologyInterleukin-2ThapsigarginCalciumMolecular immunology
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Influence of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein promoter polymorphism -493 GT on fasting plasma triglyceride values and interaction with treatm…

2005

Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). Phenotypic expression is highly variable, being influenced by diet, age, gender, body mass index, apolipoprotein E genotype and type of LDL-receptor gene mutation. Microsomal triglyceride (TG) transfer protein (MTP) is a protein involved in lipid metabolism. Polymorphism MTP -493 GT has been shown to modulate lipid levels in several populations. To analyse the effect of this polymorphism in the lipid phenotype expression of FH and treatment response, we studied a sample of 222 Spanish FH patients, of whom 147 were studied before and after trea…

Apolipoprotein EMaleAtorvastatinPolymerase Chain ReactionMicrosomal triglyceride transfer proteinBody Mass Indexchemistry.chemical_compoundAtorvastatinGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsPromoter Regions GeneticGenetics (clinical)Polymorphism Single-Stranded ConformationalGeneticsbiologyAutosomal dominant traitFastingLipoproteins LDLCholesterolPhenotypeMolecular Medicinelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Femalemedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyHeterozygoteGenotypeLipoproteinsHyperlipoproteinemia Type IIApolipoproteins ESex FactorsInternal medicineGeneticsmedicineHumansPyrrolesMolecular BiologyAllelesTriglyceridesPolymorphism GeneticTriglycerideCholesterolGenetic VariationCholesterol LDLDNALipid MetabolismEndocrinologychemistryHeptanoic AcidsPharmacogeneticsMutationbiology.proteinHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsCarrier ProteinsBody mass indexPharmacogeneticsPharmacogenetics and genomics
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Enhancer trap infidelity in Drosophila optomotor-blind

2013

Reporter gene activity in enhancer trap lines is often implicitly assumed to mirror quite faithfully the endogenous expression of the "trapped" gene, even though there are numerous examples of enhancer trap infidelity. optomotor-blind (omb) is a 160 kb gene in which 16 independent P-element enhancer trap insertions of three different types have been mapped in a range of more than 60 kb. We have determined the expression pattern of these elements in wing, eye-antennal and leg imaginal discs as well as in the pupal tergites. We noted that one pGawB insertion (omb (P4) ) selectively failed to report parts of the omb pattern even though the missing pattern elements were apparent in all other 15…

Arthropod AntennaeNerve Tissue ProteinsEyeGenes ReporterEnhancer trapAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsWings AnimalDrosophila (subgenus)EnhancerPromoter Regions GeneticGeneGeneticsReporter genebiologyPupaChromosome MappingPromoterExtremitiesbiology.organism_classificationImaginal discMutagenesis InsertionalEnhancer Elements GeneticImaginal DiscsInsect ScienceDrosophilaT-Box Domain ProteinsDrosophila ProteinResearch Paper
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Electrochemical probe for the monitoring of DNA-protein interactions.

2010

Self-assembly of thiol-terminated oligonucleotides on gold substrates provides a convenient way for DNA-functionalized surfaces. Here we describe the development of an electrochemical assay for the detection of DNA-protein interactions based on the modification of the electrochemical response of methylene blue (MB) intercalated in the DNA strands. Using a functionalized electrode with double stranded DNA carrying T3 RNA polymerase binding sequence, we show a substantial attenuation of the current upon the DNA-protein interaction. Moreover, a Langmuir binding isotherm for T3 RNA polymerase (T3 Pol) gives a dissociation constant K(D) equal to 0.46+/-0.23 microM. Such value is 100 times lower …

Biomedical EngineeringBiophysicsBiosensing TechniquesIn Vitro Techniqueschemistry.chemical_compoundViral ProteinsElectrochemistrymedicineT7 RNA polymeraseAnimalsBovine serum albuminBinding sitePromoter Regions Geneticchemistry.chemical_classificationBinding SitesbiologyBase SequenceOligonucleotideProteinsSerum Albumin BovineGeneral MedicineDNADNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesElectrochemical TechniquesMolecular biologyDissociation constantMethylene BlueEnzymechemistryDNA Viralbiology.proteinBiophysicsCattleGoldMethylene blueDNABiotechnologymedicine.drugBiosensorsbioelectronics
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Homozygous deletions localize novel tumor suppressor genes in B-cell lymphomas

2007

AbstractIntegrative genomic and gene-expression analyses have identified amplified oncogenes in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL), but the capability of such technologies to localize tumor suppressor genes within homozygous deletions remains unexplored. Array-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and gene-expression microarray analysis of 48 cell lines derived from patients with different B-NHLs delineated 20 homozygous deletions at 7 chromosome areas, all of which contained tumor suppressor gene targets. Further investigation revealed that only a fraction of primary biopsies presented inactivation of these genes by point mutation or intragenic deletion, but instead some of them w…

BiopsyDNA Mutational AnalysisGene DosageVesicular Transport ProteinsApoptosisBiochemistryEpigenesis Geneticimmune system diseaseshemic and lymphatic diseasesChromosomes HumanGenes Tumor SuppressorPromoter Regions GeneticSorting NexinsOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisSequence DeletionBcl-2-Like Protein 11HomozygoteChromosome MappingNuclear ProteinsNucleic Acid HybridizationRNA-Binding ProteinsHematologyDNA NeoplasmBCL10Gene Expression Regulation Neoplasticmedicine.anatomical_structureProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2DNA methylationLymphoma B-CellTumor suppressor geneImmunologyBiologyGene dosageCell Line TumorProto-Oncogene ProteinsmedicineCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p18HumansPoint MutationGene SilencingB cellAdaptor Proteins Signal TransducingHomeodomain ProteinsMembrane ProteinsCell BiologyDNA Methylationmedicine.diseaseMolecular biologyLymphomaCancer researchMantle cell lymphomaApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsCarrier ProteinsDiffuse large B-cell lymphomaTranscription Factors
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Valproate and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Activate Transcription of the Human Vitamin D Receptor Gene through a Proximal GC-Rich DNA Region Containing Tw…

2022

The vitamin D receptor (VDR) mediates 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 pleiotropic biological actions through transcription regulation of target genes. The expression levels of this ligand-activated nuclear receptor are regulated by multiple mechanisms both at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Vitamin D3 is the natural VDR activator, but other molecules and signaling pathways have also been reported to regulate VDR expression and activity. In this study, we identify valproic acid (VPA) and natural short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as novel transcriptional activators of the human VDR (hVDR) gene. We further report a comprehensive characterization of VPA/SCFA-responsive elements in the 5…

BioquímicaBiologiaVDR induction; human VDR promoter; valproic acid; SCFA; Sp1.Binding SitesNutrition and DieteticsSp1 Transcription FactorValproic AcidDNAHumansReceptors Calcitriollipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)ChildPromoter Regions GeneticFood Science
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Topoisomerase II regulates yeast genes with singular chromatin architectures

2013

Eukaryotic topoisomerase II (topo II) is the essential decatenase of newly replicated chromosomes and the main relaxase of nucleosomal DNA. Apart from these general tasks, topo II participates in more specialized functions. In mammals, topo IIa interacts with specific RNA polymerases and chromatin-remodeling complexes, whereas topo IIb regulates developmental genes in conjunction with chromatin remodeling and heterochromatin transitions. Here we show that in budding yeast, topo II regulates the expression of specific gene subsets. To uncover this, we carried out a genomic transcription run-on shortly after the thermal inactivation of topo II. We identified a modest number of genes not invol…

BioquímicaHeterochromatinADNSaccharomyces cerevisiaeGene Regulation Chromatin and EpigeneticsGenètica molecularChromatin remodelingHistonesCromatina03 medical and health sciencesGene Expression Regulation FungalGeneticsNucleosomeDNA FungalPromoter Regions GeneticTranscription factor030304 developmental biologyGenetics0303 health sciencesbiologyPolyamine transport030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyPromoterExpressió gènicaChromatinChromatinNucleosomesHistoneDNA Topoisomerases Type IIMutationbiology.proteinGenèticaTranscription FactorsNucleic Acids Research
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Structure-activity relationship of staurosporine analogs in regulating expression of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase gene.

2000

In human umbilical vein endothelial cells and in human umbilical vein endothelial cell-derived EA.hy 926 cells, staurosporine (Stsp) and its glycosidic indolocarbazole analogs 7-hydroxystaurosporine (UCN-01) and 4'-N-benzoyl staurosporine (CGP 41251) enhanced nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) III mRNA expression (analyzed by RNase protection assay), protein expression (determined by Western blot), and activity [measured by rat fetal lung fibroblast (RFL-6) reporter cell assay] in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. In contrast, the bisindolylmaleimide analogs GF 109203X, Ro 31-8220 and Go 6983 had no effect on NOS III expression, and Go 6976, a methyl- and cyanoalkyl-substituted nonglycos…

BisindolylmaleimideNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIBiologyEndothelial NOSNitric OxideGene Expression Regulation Enzymologicchemistry.chemical_compoundStructure-Activity RelationshipAlkaloidsmedicineCyclic GMP-Dependent Protein KinasesStaurosporineAnimalsHumansDrug InteractionsRNA MessengerEnzyme InhibitorsProtein kinase APromoter Regions GeneticProtein Kinase InhibitorsProtein kinase CCells CulturedProtein Kinase CPharmacologyKinaseTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIProtein-Tyrosine KinasesStaurosporineMolecular biologyCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein KinasesRatschemistryMolecular MedicineEndothelium VascularNitric Oxide SynthaseTyrosine kinaseProtein Kinasesmedicine.drugMolecular pharmacology
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Overexpression of bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6) in the epidermis of transgenic mice: inhibition or stimulation of proliferation depending on t…

1996

Bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6) belongs to the family of TGF-beta-related growth factors. In the developing epidermis, expression of BMP-6 coincides with the onset of stratification. Expression persists perinatally but declines after day 6 postpartum, although it can still be detected in adult skin by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. We constitutively overexpressed BMP-6 in suprabasal layers of interfollicular epidermis in transgenic mice using a keratin 10 promoter. All mice expressing the transgene developed abnormalities in the skin, indicating an active transgene-derived factor. Depending on the pattern of transgene expression, the effects on proli…

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6Cellular differentiationTransgenemedicine.medical_treatmentMice TransgenicHuman skinIntegrin alpha6BiologyBone morphogenetic proteinMiceDermisAntigens CDmedicineAnimalsHumansPsoriasisAcanthosis NigricansRNA MessengerPromoter Regions GeneticSkinEpidermis (botany)Growth factorStomachMouth MucosaGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalCell DifferentiationKeratosisArticlesCell BiologyKeratin-10Cell biologyBone morphogenetic protein 6medicine.anatomical_structureAnimals NewbornEpidermal CellsBone Morphogenetic ProteinsImmunologyKeratinsEpidermisCell DivisionJournal of Cell Biology
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Extensive transcriptional complexity during hypoxia-regulated expression of the myoglobin gene in cancer.

2013

Recently, the ectopic expression of myoglobin (MB) was reported in human epithelial cancer cell lines and breast tumor tissues, where MB expression increased with hypoxia. The better prognosis of MB-positive breast cancer patients suggested that the globin exerts a tumor-suppressive role, possibly by impairing mitochondrial activity in hypoxic breast carcinoma cells. To better understand MB gene regulation in cancer, we systematically investigated the architecture of the human MB gene, its transcripts and promoters. In silico analysis of transcriptome data from normal human tissues and cancer cell lines, followed by RACE-PCR verification, revealed seven novel exons in the MB gene region, mo…

Breast NeoplasmsBiologyAdenocarcinomamedicine.disease_causeTranscriptomeExonMiceCell Line TumorGeneticsmedicineCoding regionAnimalsHumansPromoter Regions GeneticMolecular BiologyGeneGenetics (clinical)PhylogenyRegulation of gene expressionMyoglobinPromoterGeneral MedicineExonsMolecular biologyCell HypoxiaMitochondriaGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticAlternative SplicingEctopic expressionFemaleCarcinogenesisColorectal NeoplasmsTranscriptomeHuman molecular genetics
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