Search results for "protein oxidation"

Mitochondrially encoded cysteine predicts animal lifespan

2007

Summary The role of genetic factors in the determination of lifespan is undisputed. However, numerous successful efforts to identify individual genetic modulators of longevity have not yielded yet a quantitative measure to estimate the lifespan of a species from scratch, merely based on its genomic constitution. Here, we report on a meta-examination of genome sequences from 248 animal species with known maximum lifespan, including mammals, birds, fish, insects, and helminths. Our analysis reveals that the frequency with which cysteine is encoded by mitochondrial DNA is a specific and phylogenetically ubiquitous molecular indicator of aerobic longevity: long-lived species synthesize respirat…

2015

Oxidative stress is thought to be one of the main mediators of neuronal damage in human neurodegenerative disease. Still, the dissection of causal relationships has turned out to be remarkably difficult. Here, we have analyzed global protein oxidation in terms of carbonylation of membrane proteins and cytoplasmic proteins in three different mammalian species: aged human cortex and cerebellum from patients with or without Alzheimer's disease, mouse cortex and cerebellum from young and old animals, and adult rat hippocampus and cortex subjected or not subjected to cerebral ischemia. Most tissues showed relatively similar levels of protein oxidation. However, human cortex was affected by sever…

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Glutaredoxin 5-deficient Cells Subjected to Continuous Oxidizing Conditions Are Affected in the Expression of Specific Sets …

2004

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae GRX5 gene codes for a mitochondrial glutaredoxin involved in the synthesis of iron/sulfur clusters. Its absence prevents respiratory growth and causes the accumulation of iron inside cells and constitutive oxidation of proteins. Null ⌬grx5 mu- tants were used as an example of continuously oxidized cells, as opposed to situations in which oxidative stress is instantaneously caused by addition of external oxi- dants. Whole transcriptome analysis was carried out in the mutant cells. The set of genes whose expression was affected by the absence of Grx5 does not significantly overlap with the set of genes affected in respiratory petite mutants. Many Aft1-dependent ge…

Fucus vesiculosus extracts as natural antioxidants for improvement of physicochemical properties and shelf life of pork patties formulated with oleog…

2018

There is limited information in the literature concerning the feasibility of using algal extracts as natural additives for improvement of the quality and shelf-life ofmeat products. Hence, a Fucus vesiculosus extract (FVE) at the concentrations of 250mg kg-1 (FVE-250), 500mg kg-1 (FVE-500) and 1000mg kg-1 (FVE-1000) were added to pork patties with linseed oil oleogel as a fat replacer. RESULTS: Total polyphenol content of FVE was determined to be 20 g phloroglucinol equivalents 100 g-1 extract. Antioxidant values ranged from 37.5 𝛍mol of Trolox equivalents (TE) g-1 (FRAP assay) to 2111 𝛍mol TE g-1 extract (ABTS assay). Regarding oxidation stability, FVE-1000 showed the lowest values of th…

Lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation are related to the severity of OSAS

2014

OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with elevated cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Considering that oxidative stress is involved in endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis development, our aim was to examine lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, two parameters of oxidative status, in a group of subjects with OSAS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We consecutively enrolled 48 patients (36 men and 12 women; mean age 49.7±14.6 yrs) with OSAS, subsequently subdivided according to the apnea/hy-popnea index (AHI) value in two subgroups: Low (L= 21 subjects with AHI30). We examined lipid peroxidation, expressed as TBARS, and protein oxidation, measured as carbonyl …

Guarana seed extracts as a useful strategy to extend the shelf life of pork patties: UHPLC-ESI/QTOF phenolic profile and impact on microbial inactiva…

2018

Abstract The antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of guarana seed extracts (GSE) added to pork patties were evaluated for 18 days storage at 2 ± 1 °C. Five treatments were prepared: i) without natural antioxidant [control (negative control)], ii) with BHT at 200 mg/kg (positive control), and iii) with three different concentrations: 250  mg/kg (guarana seed low dose-GSL), 500  mg/kg (guarana seed medium dose-GSM) and 1000  mg/kg (guarana seed high dose-GSH) of guarana extracts, respectively. The pH, instrumental colour (CIE L*, a*, b*), total viable counts (TVC), Pseudomonas spp. counts and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts, 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and carbonyl co…

Oxidative markers in children with severe obesity following low-calorie diets supplemented with mandarin juice

2010

Aim:  To evaluate the effect of supplementing a hypocaloric diet with mandarin juice, a food with a high content of antioxidants (vitamin C, flavonoids and carotenoids), on biomarkers of oxidant/antioxidant status of severe obese children. Methods:  Forty obese children were randomized into two groups pair-wise in a 4-week controlled intervention study. Both groups followed a hypocaloric diet. One group received additionally a supplementation of 500 mL of 100% mandarin juice daily. Clinical data, anthropometry, dietary intake and fasting blood samples were collected at baseline and after the intervention. Lipid peroxidation was assessed by circulating levels of malondialdehyde, and protein …

Antioxidant compound supplementation prevents oxidative damage in a Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease

2013

Loss-of-function mutations in the DJ-1 gene are linked to rare autosomal recessive forms of parkinsonism. In Drosophila, two DJ-1 orthologs have been identified, DJ-1α and DJ-1β. Several studies have shown that DJ-1β mutant flies are viable and fertile but exhibit age-dependent locomotor defects, shortened life span, and enhanced sensitivity to toxins that induce oxidative stress response compared to control flies. We also demonstrated that long-term dietary supplementation with antioxidant compounds was effective at increasing life-span values of DJ-1β mutants. These results, together with high levels of oxidative stress markers detected in newly eclosed DJ-1β mutant flies compared to cont…

The protective effects of melanoidins in adriamycin-induced oxidative stress in isolated rat hepatocytes

2004

The importance of the antioxidants contained in foods is well recognized both for preserving the foods themselves and for supplying essential antioxidants in vivo. Among these, the melanoidins formed during food processing and storage represent a significant part of our diet, with an average intake of several grams per day. Melanoidins exhibit antioxidant properties in vitro through their protective effect against reactive oxygen species. Here we investigated the protective effect of the model glucose–glycine melanoidins on oxidative stress induced by adriamycin in hepatocytes isolated from rats. The study was performed by examining cell toxicity (lactate dehydrogenase) release in the mediu…

Effect of gases on biochemical stabilization

2019

International audience; Lipid or protein are sensitive to peroxidation and inert gas limit or stop adulterations. Unsaturated lipids are peroxided by ground state dioxygen in presence of catalysts (iron, enzymes) or after thermal dissociation of C=C bond, and by excited state dioxygen without any assistance (photo-oxidation). Inerting fragile oils by bubbling with dinitrogen or carbon dioxide that are soluble gas in oil slows oxidation process during storage or frying. In a same way, limit the oxidation of the tryptophan residues of protein is possible by reducing oxygen content. Oxidation leads also to oxidation of thiol in disulfide, which induced protein cross-linked and decay of functio…