Search results for "proteoglycan"
showing 10 items of 94 documents
Recovery from Toxic-Induced Demyelination Does Not Require the NG2 Proteoglycan
2016
NG2 cells are defined as CNS cells expressing chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan nerve/glia antigen. The vast majority of NG2-positive cells also express platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) and are oligodendroglial progenitors (OPC). In addition a subpopulation of pericytes expresses NG2, but is positive for PDGF receptor beta (PDGFRβ) [1]. NG2-positive OPC comprise approximately 5% of the cells in the CNS where they are evenly distributed in grey and white matter [2, 3]. NG2-positive OPC form synapses with neurons [4–6] and react to brain injury with proliferation, as has been shown in several animal models as well as in human demyelinating and degenerative diseases [7–9].…
Reproducibility of imaging human knee cartilage by delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) at 1.5 Tesla
2009
Summary Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the day-to-day reproducibility of the delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) measurement at different knee joint surfaces in healthy subjects at 1.5 Tesla (T). Methods The dGEMRIC experiment was repeated for 10 asymptomatic volunteers three times with an average interval of 5 days between scans. The measurement was performed from a single sagittal slice through the center of the lateral femoral condyle and from the center of the patella in the axial plane. Cartilage was manually segmented into superficial, deep and full-thickness regions of interests (ROIs) at different topographical locations of the femur, tibia…
Extracellular matrix composition in COPD
2012
Extracellular matrix (ECM) composition has an important role in determining airway structure. We postulated that ECM lung composition of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients differs from that observed in smoking and nonsmoking subjects without airflow obstruction. We determined the fractional areas of elastic fibres, type-I, -III and -IV collagen, versican, decorin, biglycan, lumican, fibronectin and tenascin in different compartments of the large and small airways and lung parenchyma in 26 COPD patients, 26 smokers without COPD and 16 nonsmoking control subjects. The fractional area of elastic fibres was higher in non-obstructed smokers than in COPD and nonsmoking controls…
Influence of nifedipine on the metabolism of gingival fibroblasts.
1994
Calcium antagonists are the gold standard in the therapy of coronary heart disease and hypertension. The prototype of these drugs is nifedipine which, as well as its therapeutic effects on the cells of the cardiovascular system, also has unpleasant side effects on other organ systems. One side effect can be a missive hyperplasia of the gingiva, the reason for which are unclear. In vitro experiments were designed to elucidate the influence of nifedipine on the growth of human gingival fibroblasts in short and long term (72 hours, 6 weeks) cell culture. The following cellular parameters were determined quantitatively: cell proliferation (cell count, [3H]thymidine incorporation), protein synth…
Priming with proangiogenic growth factors and endothelial progenitor cells improves revascularization in linear diabetic wounds
2014
In the present study, we investigated whether proangiogenic growth factors and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) induce favourable effects on cutaneous incisional wound healing in diabetic mice. The proangiogenic effects of human EPCs were initially analyzed using a HUVEC in vitro angiogenesis assay and an in vivo Matrigel assay in nude mice (n=12). For the diabetic wound model, 48 Balb/c mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes were divided randomly into 4 groups (12 mice in each group). Subsequently, 3, 5 and 7 days before a 15-mm full-thickness incisional skin wound was set, group 1 was pre-treated subcutaneously with a mixture of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/basic …
Distribution of Cartilage Proteoglycan (Aggrecan) Core Protein and Link Protein Gene Expression during Human Skeletal Development
1991
The distribution of cartilage proteoglycan core protein (aggrecan) and cartilage proteoglycan link protein was investigated by in situ hybridization during different stages of human skeletal development. Aggrecan and link protein expression were confined to chondrocytes of the developing skeleton and other cartilaginous structures. Distribution and intensity of the signal was identical with aggrecan as compared to link protein probes. Parallel to the calcification of cartilaginous matrix, chondrocytes of this area lost the expression of aggrecan and link protein specific mRNA and stayed negative throughout the following stages of skeletal development. Highest expression was found in the low…
Implanted neonatal human dermal fibroblasts influence the recruitment of endothelial cells in mice
2012
The vascularization of new tissue within a reasonable time is a crucial prerequisite for the success of different cell- and material-based strategies. Considering that angiogenesis is a multi-step process involving humoral and cellular regulatory components, only in vivo assays provide the adequate information about vessel formation and the recruitment of endothelial cells. The present study aimed to investigate if neonatal human dermal fibroblasts could influence in vivo neovascularization. Results obtained showed that fibroblasts were able to recruit endothelial cells to vascularize the implanted matrix, which was further colonized by murine functional blood vessels after one week. The ve…
Role of exosomes released by chronic myelogenous leukemia cells in angiogenesis
2012
The present study is designed to assess if exosomes released from Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) cells may modulate angiogenesis. We have isolated and characterized the exosomes generated from LAMA84 CML cells and demonstrated that addition of exosomes to human vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) induces an increase of both ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 cell adhesion molecules and interleukin-8 expression. The stimulation of cell-cell adhesion molecules was paralleled by a dose-dependent increase of adhesion of CML cells to a HUVEC monolayer. We further showed that the treatment with exosomes from CML cells caused an increase in endothelial cell motility accompanied by a loss of VE-cadherin and β-ca…
Computed tomography detects changes in contrast agent diffusion after collagen cross-linking typical to natural aging of articular cartilage
2011
SummaryObjectiveThe effect of threose-induced collagen cross-linking on the mechanical and diffusive properties of cartilage was investigated in vitro. In particular, we investigated the potential of Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) to detect changes in articular cartilage after increased collagen cross-linking, which is an age-related phenomenon.MethodsOsteochondral plugs (Ø=6.0mm, n=28) were prepared from intact bovine patellae (n=7). Two of the four adjacent samples, prepared from each patella, were treated with threose to increase the collagen cross-linking, while the other two specimen served as paired controls. One sample pair was mechanically tested and then mechanically …
Genetic abrogation of the fibronectin-α5β1 integrin interaction in articular cartilage aggravates osteoarthritis in mice.
2018
The balance between synthesis and degradation of the cartilage extracellular matrix is severely altered in osteoarthritis, where degradation predominates. One reason for this imbalance is believed to be due to the ligation of the α5β1 integrin, the classic fibronectin (FN) receptor, with soluble FN fragments instead of insoluble FN fibrils, which induces matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression. Our objective was to determine whether the lack of α5β1-FN binding influences cartilage morphogenesis in vivo and whether non-ligated α5β1 protects or aggravates the course of osteoarthritis in mice. We engineered mice (Col2a-Cre;Fn1RGE/fl), whose chondrocytes express an α5β1 binding-deficient FN, …